Deficit či obtížné dosahování ženského orgazmu je považováno v klasifikačních systémech pohlavních dysfunkcí za poruchu komplikující párovousexualitu. Tato premisa je běžně přijímána, přestože je koitální anorgazmie většinovou statistickou normou a dosažení orgazmu zevní stimulací není u žen tak snadné jako u mužů. Projevy ženského vyvrcholení jsou variabilní a souvisí s mnoha proměnlivými faktory. Některé teorie předpokládají vysokou míru korelace mezi schopností orgastického prožitku, sexuálními postoji a chováním, ale také souvislosti s reprodukčním potenciálem či stabilitou partnerských vztahů. Ženský orgazmus je mnohdy vnímán jako diskriminační mechanizmus determinující postoje k sexualitě nebo je dokonce považován za jakýsi katalyzátor plodnosti. Konsenzus o jeho významu neexistuje. Relevantní studie vyvracejí teorie o jeho pozitivních partnerských adaptačních funkcích i o vlivu na fertilitu. Orgazmus je u žen, pravděpodobně, vedlejším evolučním produktem jeho mužské varianty, neboť klitoris i penis mají identický embryonální základ. Ženská anorgazmie by neměla být považována za jednoznačnou diagnózu, natož za paradigma psychiatrického konstruktu působící frustrace či jiné problémy.
A deficit or problematic achievement of female orgasm is often classified as a sexual disorder that creates complications in the sex life of couples. This assumption is generally accepted, even though vaginal anorgasmia is an accepted statistical norm and non-coital methods of generating female orgasm are not as easy as they are for men. Female orgasms manifest themselves in different ways; they are variable and can be dependent on a number of variable factors. Some theories suggest a high degree of correlation between the capacity for orgasmic experience, sexual attitudes and behaviour, but also with reproductive potential or the stability of the given couple’s relationship. Female orgasm is often seen as a discriminatory mechanism influencing attitudes towards sexuality or even as a kind of fertility catalyst. There is no consensus on the importance of female orgasm. The results of some relevant studies refute theories about the female orgasm’s positive influence on adaptive functions of the couple’s relationship, as well as its influence on fertility. The orgasm in women is most likely an evolutionary by-product of its male variant, since the clitoris and penis have an identical embryonic basis of development. Female anorgasmia should not be considered an unquestioned diagnosis, let alone a psychiatric construct leading to a paradigm in which anorgasmia is categorically the cause of frustration or other problems.
- MeSH
- Clitoris physiology MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Orgasm * MeSH
- Reproduction physiology MeSH
- Sexual Behavior * physiology MeSH
- Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological etiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Autoři se zabývají rozborem vlivu kognitivních aspektů sexuálního styku na zdravou funkci (především) ženské sexuality. Poukazují na roli pozornosti, subjektivních přesvědčení, ale i sociálních očekávání v kontextu sexuální spokojenosti. Klasické teorie spectatoringu či kognitivní interference jsou obohaceny o nové poznatky o kognitivních distraktorech - podnětech, které mohou jedince při sexuálním styku rozptylovat a v souhře s individuálními okolnostmi a emocemi tak dlouhodobě narušovat schopnost dosáhnout orgasmu. Autoři se zabývají též aktuálně dostupnými možnostmi měření kognitivních distraktorů ve formě rušivých myšlenek a poukazují na rozdíly mezi pohlavími, co se týče obsahu rušivých podnětů.
The authors try to analyse the influence of cognitive aspects of sexual intercourse on the healthy function of (primarily) female sexuality. They point to the role of attention, subjective beliefs and social expectations in the context of sexual satisfaction. Classical theories of spectatoring or cognitive interference are enriched with new knowledge about cognitive distractors - stimuli that can distract individuals during sexual intercourse and, in interaction with individual conditions and emotions, disrupt the ability to achieve orgasm in the long term. The authors also deal with the currently available options for measuring cognitive distractors in the form of intrusive thoughts and point to gender differences in the content of cognitive distractors.
- Keywords
- distraktor, spectatoring,
- MeSH
- Cognition MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Orgasm MeSH
- Psychological Tests MeSH
- Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological * etiology psychology MeSH
- Sex Factors MeSH
- Sociological Factors MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Orgasm physiology MeSH
- Genitalia, Female * anatomy & histology physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Práce se zabývá psychologickými aspekty předstírání orgasmu. Toto klamavé chování nejčastěji vzniká při výskytu orgastické dysfunkce jedince. Autoři uvádějí prevalenci tohoto fenoménu, způsoby předstírání orgasmu a jeho jednotlivé souvislosti, které vyplývají z dosavadních studií v této oblasti. Jedinec může být k předstírání motivován vnějšími, vnitřními či vztahovými faktory, a proto jsou v práci rozebrány jednotlivé důvody vedoucí k tomuto chování. Dále jsou zde shrnuty souvislosti předstírání orgasmu s citovou vazbou jedince v dospělosti, partnerskou komunikací a spokojeností.
Authors introduce the psychological aspects of pretending orgasm. In most cases this deceptive behaviour is caused by sexual dysfunction. The prevalence of this phenomenon is discussed as well as the methods of pretending and other findings based on previous studies in this area. An individual may be motivated to pretend by circumstantial, internal, and relational factors, thus the authors discuss various reasons leading to this behaviour. Furthermore, associations of pretending orgasm with adult attachment, communication between partners and sexual satisfaction are summarized.
- Keywords
- předstírání orgasmu,
- MeSH
- Behavior Control MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Motivation MeSH
- Orgasm * MeSH
- Sexual Behavior MeSH
- Social Behavior MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
Women expel fluids of various quantities and compositions from the urethra during sexual arousal and orgasm. These are classified as either female ejaculation (FE) or squirting (SQ). The aim of our analysis was to present evidence that FE and SQ are similar but etiologically different phenomena. A review of studies was performed on fluids expelled from the urogenital tract during female sexual activities using the Web of KnowledgeTM (Web of Science Core Collection) and MEDLINE (Ovid) databases from 1946 to 2021. Until 2011, all female orgasmic expulsions of fluids were referred to as FE. The fluid was known to be either from the paraurethral glands or as a result of coital incontinence. At present, SQ is considered as a transurethral expulsion of approximately 10 milliliters or more of transparent fluid, while FE is considered as a secretion of a few milliliters of thick fluid. The fluid in SQ is similar to urine and is expelled by the urinary bladder. The secretion in FE originates from the paraurethral glands and contains a high concentration of prostate-specific antigen. Both phenomena can occur simultaneously. The mechanisms underlying SQ and FE are entirely different. SQ is a massive transurethral orgasmic expulsion from the urinary bladder, while FE is the secretion of a very small amount of fluid from the paraurethral glands.
- MeSH
- Alprostadil therapeutic use MeSH
- Brachytherapy adverse effects MeSH
- Erectile Dysfunction * etiology drug therapy MeSH
- Hypogonadism drug therapy MeSH
- Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Prostatic Neoplasms drug therapy radiotherapy MeSH
- Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions * MeSH
- Orgasm classification drug effects MeSH
- Penile Prosthesis MeSH
- Prostaglandins E pharmacology therapeutic use MeSH
- Prostatectomy methods standards adverse effects MeSH
- Sex Counseling MeSH
- Testosterone administration & dosage pharmacology adverse effects MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
BACKGROUND Obesity and associated comorbidities increase the probability of sexual disorders. The present study evaluated sexual satisfaction levels in obese women prior to and following bariatric surgery, utilizing the validated Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) to also evaluate the sexual satisfaction in obese and non-obese women. MATERIAL AND METHODS 60 obese women (mean initial BMI of 43.7±5.9 kg/m²; mean age of 41.7±10.8 years) were administered the questionnaire on sexual function (FSFI) preceding bariatric surgery (laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, 22 women; gastric plication, 33 women; and biliopancreatic diversion, 5 women), 6 months and 12 months after the procedure, i.e., following substantial weight reduction (final mean BMI of 35.5±5.5 kg/m²). The control group comprised 60 non-obese women (mean BMI of 22.2±1.9kg/m²; mean age of 36.4±10.7 years). RESULTS Our findings indicate that baseline sexual function in the preoperative obese females was significantly lower than in non-obese women, with p<0.01 in each domain. Data gathered at the 6- and 12-month points following the procedure indicated no significant difference. Before the procedure, 31 obese subjects (51.6%) exceeded the cutoff for FSD, at the 6-month evaluation point, 17 women (39.5%) exceeded the cutoff, and at 12 months postoperatively, 18 subjects (41.9%) exceeded the cutoff, indicative of FSD. Among the non-obese controls, only 9 subjects (15%) exceeded the cutoff threshold. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that substantive weight reduction resulting from bariatric surgery results in reduced sexual dysfunction in female subjects.
- MeSH
- Bariatric Surgery * MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Weight Loss MeSH
- Comorbidity MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Obesity, Morbid physiopathology surgery MeSH
- Obesity physiopathology surgery MeSH
- Orgasm physiology MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological physiopathology surgery MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
