Among carotenoids, ꞵ-carotene has the highest biological activity and is found as an all-trans isomer in many biological systems. Blakeslea trispora is a microorganism that is of interest to industries for the commercial production of ꞵ-carotene. This study investigated the effect of different bacteria on carotenogenesis in B. trispora. The B. trispora bisexual mold was cultured in a production medium, and different bacterial cells were added to it after 24 h. Then, the culture conditions and the culture medium were optimized in the presence of the selected bacteria using the experimental design. The percentage of carotenoids obtained from the mixed culture was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that Kocuria rhizophila had the greatest effect on increasing the production of carotenoids in B. trispora. The highest content of carotenoids obtained during optimization was 770 ± 7.5 mg/L, a 6.8-fold increase compared to the control. HPLC analysis of carotenoids indicated the presence of two main peaks, ꞵ-carotene and γ-carotene, in which the primary carotenoid was ꞵ-carotene followed by γ-carotene with a lower content. Therefore, due to the importance of ꞵ-carotene in industry, the use of biostimulants is one of the appropriate strategies to increase the production of this pigment in industry.

• MeSH
• Bacteria * metabolismus   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• karotenoidy * metabolismus   analýza   MeSH
• kokultivační techniky MeSH
• kultivační média chemie   MeSH
• Mucorales * metabolismus   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Publikace se zaměřuje na léčbu akné pomocí izotretinoinu. Určeno oborné veřejnosti.

• MeSH
• acne vulgaris farmakoterapie   MeSH
• dermatologické látky MeSH
• isotretinoin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• monografie MeSH

• Konspekt
• Farmacie. Farmakologie
• NLK Obory
• farmacie a farmakologie
• farmakoterapie
• dermatovenerologie

Lupénka je chronické geneticky podmíněné imunologicky zprostředkované zánětlivé onemocnění spojené se systémovými komorbiditami. U mírné formy lupénky se obvykle doporučuje lokální terapie a fototerapie. Pokud tato léčba není účinná, není tolerována, nebo je kontraindikována, stejně jako u pacientů s těžkým onemocněním nebo výrazně sníženou kvalitou života, je předepsána systémová terapie. Klinicky je důležité zvážit potenciální rizika nežádoucích účinků spojená s dlouhodobým užíváním syntetických perorálních a biologických systémových terapií. Cílem této práce je shrnout profil nežádoucích účinků hlášených v souvislosti s léčbou lupénky.

Psoriasis is a chronic genetically determined immunologically mediated inflammatory condition associated with systemic comorbidities. Local therapy and phototherapy is usually recommended for mild psoriasis. When this treatment is not effective, not tolerated or contraindicated, as well as in patients with severe disease or significantly decreased quality of life the systemic therapy is prescribed. It is clinically important to consider the potential adverse events risks associated with the long-term use of synthetic oral and biological systemic therapies. The aim of this paper is to summarize profil of adverse events reported in context of psoriasis treatment

• MeSH
• acitretin škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• biologická terapie metody   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• cyklosporin aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• dermatologické látky * aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   klasifikace   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• inhibitory TNF aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• interleukin-17 antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• interleukin-23 antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• methotrexát aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• monoklonální protilátky aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   klasifikace   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• psoriáza * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH

Background/Objectives: The potential influence of lycopene on mental health was indicated in some studies, but it was not summarized within any systematic review so far. The aim of the presented study was to analyze the influence of lycopene on mental health within a systematic review of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). Methods: The study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and it was based on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases, while the RCTs published until February 2025 were included. The systematic review was registered within the database of the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD420250650525). The studies were considered where the adult population was studied; intervention was based on oral lycopene intake in any form (lycopene supplement, lycopene-enriched functional food, or regular food product being an important source of lycopene); lycopene intake of a specified dose was applied; any mental health result was studied using a valid psychological measure. After duplicate removal, 642 studies were screened, and finally, six RCTs were included and assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials, while various mental health outcomes were allowed (excluding subjects with intellectual disabilities, eating disorders, and neurological disorders). Each stage of screening, inclusion, reporting, and assessment was conducted independently by two researchers. Results: The included studies were conducted in populations of healthy individuals (one study), but mainly in individuals with various diseases: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) (two studies), Burning Mouth Syndrome (BMS) (one study), xerostomia (one study), and infertility (one study). Within the included studies, various lycopene sources were applied, including lycopene supplements, functional foods, and regular food products, as well as various lycopene doses from 1.35 mg to 27.8 mg per day. The included studies assessed quality of life (five studies), depression and anxiety (two studies), stress (two studies), and mood states (one study). In spite of the fact that all six included studies were RCTs, the comparison between the intervention group and placebo group was made in only four studies, and none of them stated the difference between the compared groups. A low risk of bias was concluded for three studies (all of them not confirming the influence of lycopene on mental health), and a high risk of bias was found in three studies (one of them not confirming, and two not conclusive). Conclusions: The evidence gathered within the systematic review of RCTs did not confirm any influence of lycopene on mental health. Further RCTs are needed to verify the influence of lycopene provided within supplements, functional foods, and regular food products on various mental health problems in diverse populations.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duševní zdraví * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lykopen * aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• potravní doplňky MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

BACKGROUND: Open surgery is widely regarded as the standard treatment for spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVFs). However, endovascular treatment (EVT) with liquid embolic agents has emerged as an alternative. While N-butyl cyanoacrylate is often preferred for its superior penetration into draining vein, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of an embolization-first strategy using Onyx, drawing on 20 years of clinical experience. METHODS: A retrospective analysis included 50 patients treated between 2004 and 2024. Only patients undergoing EVT as the first-line therapy for SDAVF were included. RESULTS: Overall, EVT achieved complete occlusion in 38 (76%) cases, with an additional 6 (12%) requiring adjuvant surgery resulting in definitive cure. In the remaining 6 (12%) patients, embolization of the feeding artery and fistula nidus led to permanent clinical improvement (n = 4, 66%) or stability (n = 2, 33%), supported by indirect fistula signs regression on follow-up magnetic resonance imaging. Onyx was solely used in 84% of EVTs, achieving a complete occlusion rate of 83%. Clinical improvement or stabilization was observed in 46 (92%) patients, with no recurrences in successfully treated patients. There was no EVT-related complication. Follow-up magnetic resonance imagings showed regression of perimedullary varices and regression or stability of myelopathy in all cases (n = 50, 100%). CONCLUSIONS: The embolization-first strategy, with adjuvant surgery when necessary, can achieve outcomes nearing those of purely surgical approaches. Based on our long-term experience, EVT with Onyx can result in complete and permanent cure of SDAVF in more than 80% of cases.

• MeSH
• cévní malformace centrálního nervového systému * terapie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• dimethylsulfoxid * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• polyvinyly * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tantal * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• terapeutická embolizace * metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: Surgical mesh, often made from polypropylene, is commonly recommended to enhance hernia repair outcomes in adults. Concerns about polypropylene, as a cause of allergy and/or autoimmune disease prompted this study to evaluate immunological parameters in patients with mesh and healthy controls. METHODOLOGY: A case-control cohort study was conducted at a university hospital. Electronic patient records of hernia repairs using polypropylene mesh (January 2018-April 2022) were analysed. Blood samples from patients and healthy controls were assessed using various methods, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry. RESULTS: The database search identified 1544 participants. After applying the exclusion criteria 33 patients remained in the polypropylene mesh group. Patients with mesh had lower median IgG3 levels (p = 0.02) and Rheumatoid factor (RF) IgM (p = 0.018) compared to the control group. Although both IgG3 and RF IgM levels were in the normal reference range. In addition, 5 patients in the mesh group tested positive for serum ANCA levels compared to none in the control group (p = 0.053). No other differences in immunoglobulins, autoantibodies, complement, or immune cell subtypes were observed. CONCLUSION: Patients with polypropylene mesh exhibited median IgG3 and RF IgM serum levels that were within the normal reference range but slightly lower compared to the control group. Among patients with polypropylene mesh, five displayed positive serum ANCA levels without autoimmune-related symptoms. Overall, no definitive signs of autoimmunity caused by polypropylene mesh. A larger, prospective study is warranted to further explore potential immune responses to polypropylene mesh.

• MeSH
• chirurgické síťky * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• imunoglobulin G krev   MeSH
• imunoglobulin M krev   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• operace kýly * přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• polypropyleny * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• revmatoidní faktor krev   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Virové bradavice jsou celosvětově časté onemocnění způsobené lidským papilomavirem, který má řadu genotypů. Mnoho z těchto virů je komenzálních a u imunokompetentních hostitelů nevyvolávají žádné projevy. Za vhodných podmínek některé způsobují klinické změny na kůži nebo na sliznicích v anogenitální či orofaryngeální oblasti. U dětí se nejčastěji setkáváme s verruca vulgaris, verruca plantaris a verruca plana. Řada těchto projevů samovolně vymizí, problémem jsou perzistentní či úporně recidivující bradavice. Léčbou se snažíme nejen zlikvidovat viditelné změny za minimalizace bolesti a bez jizvení, ale také o prevenci recidivy ať již v místě původní bradavice nebo kdekoli jinde na těle.

Viral warts are a common disease worldwide caused by the human papillomavirus, which has a number of genotypes. Many of these viruses are commensal and do not cause any symptoms in immunocompetent hosts. Under appropriate conditions, however, some cause clinical changes on the skin or mucous membranes in the anogenital or oropharyngeal part. Verruca vulgaris, verruca plantaris and verruca plana are most often encountered in children. Many of these manifestations disappear on their own, the problem is persistent or stubbornly recurring warts. With the treatment, we try not only to eliminate visible changes while minimizing pain and without scarring, but also to prevent recurrence, whether at the site of the original wart or anywhere else on the body.

• MeSH
• bradavice * terapie   MeSH
• dítě * MeSH
• imunoterapie metody   MeSH
• infekce papilomavirem farmakoterapie   terapie   MeSH
• keratinocyty účinky léků   MeSH
• kryoterapie metody   MeSH
• kyselina salicylová farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lasery MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retinoidy farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě * MeSH
• lidé MeSH

Acne vulgaris je chronické, zánětlivé kožní onemocnění postihující mazové žlázy a přiléhající vlasový folikul. Představuje jedno z nejčastějších kožních onemocnění. Významný je výskyt především v ekonomicky vyspělých krajinách. Akné postihuje děti i dospělé, přičemž nejčastější jsou projevy u adolescentů a mladých dospělých. Projevy se nacházejí v tzv. seborhoické lokalizaci a liší se svou závažností. Někdy mohou po zhojení akné vzniknout i komplikace - erytém, pozánětlivé pigmentace a jizvy. V léčbě akné máme k dispozici široké spektrum léčebných metod. Významnou úlohu v lokální i celkové léčbě hrají retinoidy. Ty často vedou k podráždění kůže. S cílem snížit tyto nežádoucí účinky byla vyvinuta nová generace lokálních retinoidů, kam se řadí trifaroten. Akné je důležité léčit, protože se často vyskytuje na viditelných místech a má významný psychosociální dopad pro pacienta.

Acne vulgaris is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease affecting the sebaceous glands and the adjacent hair follicle. It is one of the most common skin diseases. The occurrence is particularly significant in economically developed countries. Acne affects both children and adults, with the most common manifestations occurring in adolescents and young adults. Manifestations are found in the so-called seborrheic localization and varies in severity. Sometimes complications can arise after acne has healed - erythema, post-inflammatory pigmentation and scars. In the treatment of acne, we have a wide range of treatment methods available. Retinoids play an important role in local and general treatment. These often lead to skin irritation. In order to reduce these side effects, a new generation of topical retinoids was developed, which includes trifarotene. Acne is important to treat because it often occurs in visible places and has a significant psychosocial impact on the patient.

• MeSH
• acne vulgaris * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství * MeSH
• retinoidy * aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství * MeSH

The vertebrate visual cycle hinges on enzymatically converting all-trans-retinol (at-ROL) into 11-cis-retinal (11c-RAL), the chromophore that binds to opsins in photoreceptors, forming light-responsive pigments. When struck by a photon, these pigments activate the phototransduction pathway and initiate the process of vision. The enzymatic isomerization of at-ROL, crucial for restoring the visual pigments and preparing them to receive new light stimuli, relies on various enzymes found in both the photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium cells. To function effectively, retinoids must shuttle between these two cell types. Retinol-binding protein 3 (RBP3), located in the interphotoreceptor matrix, probably plays a pivotal role in this transport mechanism. Comprised of four retinoid-binding modules, RBP3 also binds fatty acids, potentially aiding retinal function by facilitating the loading and unloading of different retinoids at specific cell types thereby directing the cycle. In this study, we present a 3.67 Å cryoEM structure of porcine RBP3, along with molecular docking analysis and corroborative in-solution small-angle X-ray scattering data for titration of RBP3 with relevant ligands, that also give insights on RBP3 conformational adaptability.

• MeSH
• difrakce rentgenového záření MeSH
• elektronová kryomikroskopie metody   MeSH
• konformace proteinů MeSH
• maloúhlový rozptyl * MeSH
• molekulární modely MeSH
• oční proteiny MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• proteiny vázající retinol * chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• simulace molekulového dockingu MeSH
• vazba proteinů MeSH
• vitamin A metabolismus   chemie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Macular pigment plays an important role in the reduction of oxidative stress and in preventing retinal diseases. Quick and easy measurements of the macular pigment are essential in both clinical and research settings. Dual wavelength fundus auto-fluorescence seems to be the optimal method. This study aims to investigate changes in fundus autofluorescence in patients taking daily lutein oral supplements and develop image processing methods for follow-up evaluations of the images. METHODS: New devices allow us to examine fundus autofluorescence using both blue and green excitation wavelengths. This allows detection of the amount of macular pigment by subtracting these two images because the yellow pigment particles absorb blue wavelengths. We determined daily dose of 25 mg of lutein and 3 mg of zeaxanthin. Patients were followed up for 15 months at 3-month intervals. RESULTS: During our 15-month study, we observed a positive trend in pixel lightness values, suggesting an increase in macular pigments in the foveal area. In all patients taking daily lutein supplements, the foveal index significantly increased after six months, with a median change of 0.081. We did not observe a significant change after the first three months (0.006) and only a small change between the 6th and 12th-month visits (0.012). CONCLUSION: With appropriate patients and procedures for capturing autofluorescence images, this is a valuable technique for macular pigment evaluation in follow-up examinations using software image post-processing and analysis with commonly available hardware. To put this into everyday practice, developing tools to automate the assessment is necessary.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fundus oculi MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lutein * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• makulární pigment * analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• optické zobrazování * metody   MeSH
• potravní doplňky MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zeaxanthiny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH