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Článek

Association of Latitude and Exposure to Ultraviolet B Radiation With Severity of Multiple Sclerosis: An International Registry Study

Vitkova, Marianna
Autor Vitkova, Marianna From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Diouf, Ibrahima
Autor Diouf, Ibrahima From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Malpas, Charles
Autor Malpas, Charles From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Horakova, Dana
Autor Horakova, Dana From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Kubala Havrdova, Eva
Autor Kubala Havrdova, Eva From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Patti, Francesco
Autor Patti, Francesco From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Ozakbas, Serkan
Autor Ozakbas, Serkan From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Izquierdo, Guillermo
Autor Izquierdo, Guillermo From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Eichau, Sara
Autor Eichau, Sara From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia
Shaygannejad, Vahid
Autor Shaygannejad, Vahid From the CORe (M.V., I.D., C.M., P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia Melbourne MS Centre (M.V.), Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovakia Melbourne MS Centre (P.D.M.P., T.K.), Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Australia Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (D.H., E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, Czech Republic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia Multiple Sclerosis Center (F.P.), University of Catania, Italy Dokuz Eylul University (S.O.), Konak/Izmir, Turkey Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena (G. Izquierdo, S.E.), Sevilla, Spain Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center (INRC) (V.S.), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Iran Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, and Clinical Sciences (M.O.), University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti IRCCS Istituto Delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (A.L.) Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie (A.L.), Universita di Bologna, Italy Division of Neurology (R. Alroughani), Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait CHUM MS Center and Universite de Montreal (A.P., C.L., M.G., P.D.), Quebec, Canada Medical Faculty (M.T.), Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun KTU Medical Faculty Farabi Hospital (C. Boz), Trabzon, Turkey Neuro Rive-Sud (F.G.), Longueuil, Quebec, Canada Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Modena (P.S.) Department of Biomedical (D.F.), Metabolic and Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Italy CISSS ChaudiÃ ̈re-Appalache (P.G.), Levis, Quebec, Canada Central Clinical School (H.B.), Monash University Department of Neurology (H.B., O.S.), The Alfred Hospital Department of Neurology (K.B., O.S.), Box Hill Hospital, Eastern Health Monash University (K.B., O.S.), Melbourne, Australia Nehme and Therese Tohme Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.I.Y.), American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon Hacettepe University (R.K.), Ankara, Turkey Zuyderland Medical Centre (O. Gerlach), Department of Neurologie, Dr. H. van der Hoffplein 1, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands School of Medicine and Public Health (J.L.-S.), University Newcastle Department of Neurology (J.L.-S.), John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Health, Newcastle, Australia MS Center (D.M.), Neurology Unit, Garibaldi Hospital, Catania IRCCS Mondino Foundation (R.B.), Pavia, Italy Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (V.V.P.), Brussels Université Catholique de Louvain (V.V.P.), Belgium Ospedali Riuniti di Salerno (G. Iuliano) UOC Neurologia (E. Cartechini), Azienda Sanitaria Unica Regionale Marche-AV3, Macerata, Italy Hospital de Sao Joao (M.J.S.), Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal Nemocnice Jihlava (R. Ampapa), Jihlava, Czech Republic Brain and Mind Centre (M.B.), Sydney, Australia Royal Victoria Hospital (S.E.H.), Belfast, UK Hospital Germans Trias I Pujol (C.M.R.-T.), Badalona, Spain Liverpool Hospital (S.H.), Sydney, Australia Liverpool Hospital and Ingham Institute (S.H.), Australia Azienda Ospedaliera di Rilievo Nazionale San Giuseppe Moscati Avellino (D.L.A.S.), Italy Kommunehospitalet (T.P.), Aarhus, Denmark Monash Medical Centre (E.G.B.), Melbourne Flinders University (M.S.), Adelaide, Australia University College Dublin and St. Vincent's University Hospital (C. McGuigan), Ireland University of Queensland (P.A.M.) Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital (P.A.M.), Australia Department of Medicine and Surgery (F.G.), University of Parma Department of Emergency and General Medicine (F.G.), Parma University Hospital, Italy Hospital Italiano (E. Cristiano), Buenos Aires, Argentina CSSS Saint-Jérôme (J.P.), Saint-Jerome, Quebec, Canada Royal Hobart Hospital (B.V.T.), Australia Hospital de Galdakao-Usansolo (J.L.S.Ã.-M.), Galdakao, Spain Department of Neurology (G.L.), Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10 University Hospital Ghent (L.V.H.), Ghent, Belgium Westmead Hospital (S.V.), Sydney Austin Health (R.A.M.), Melbourne, Australia South East Trust (O. Gray), Belfast, UK Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia (J.O.), Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain Hospital Fernandez (N.D.), Capital Federal, Argentina Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (Y.D.F.), Santos, Brazil and Geelong Hospital (C.S.), Geelong, Australia

Neurology. 2022 ; 98 (24) : e2401-e2412. [pub] 20220411

ISSN 1526-632X
Medvik
Zdroj

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) varies widely among individuals. Understanding the determinants of this heterogeneity will help clinicians optimize the management of MS. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between latitude of residence, UV B radiation (UVB) exposure, and the severity of MS. METHODS: This observational study used the MSBase registry data. The included patients met the 2005 or 2010 McDonald diagnostic criteria for MS and had a minimum dataset recorded in the registry (date of birth, sex, clinic location, date of MS symptom onset, disease phenotype at baseline and censoring, and ≥1 Expanded Disability Status Scale score recorded). The latitude of each study center and cumulative annualized UVB dose at study center (calculated from National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) at ages 6 and 18 years and the year of disability assessment were calculated. Disease severity was quantified with Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS). Quadratic regression was used to model the associations between latitude, UVB, and MSSS. RESULTS: The 46,128 patients who contributed 453,208 visits and a cumulative follow-up of 351,196 patient-years (70% women, mean age 39.2 ± 12 years, resident between latitudes 19°35' and 56°16') were included in this study. Latitude showed a nonlinear association with MS severity. In latitudes <40°, more severe disease was associated with higher latitudes (β = 0.08, 95% CI 0.04-0.12). For example, this translates into a mean difference of 1.3 points of MSSS between patients living in Madrid and Copenhagen. No such association was observed in latitudes <40° (β = -0.02, 95% CI -0.06 to 0.03). The overall disability accrual was faster in those with a lower level of estimated UVB exposure before the age of 6 years (β = - 0.5, 95% CI -0.6 to 0.4) and 18 years (β = - 0.6, 95% CI -0.7 to 0.4), as well as with lower lifetime UVB exposure at the time of disability assessment (β = -1.0, 95% CI -1.1 to 0.9). DISCUSSION: In temperate zones, MS severity is associated with latitude. This association is mainly, but not exclusively, driven by UVB exposure contributing to both MS susceptibility and severity.

MeSH
lidé MeSH
posuzování pracovní neschopnosti MeSH
registrace MeSH
roztroušená skleróza * diagnóza epidemiologie MeSH
stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
ultrafialové záření škodlivé účinky MeSH
Check Tag
lidé MeSH
mužské pohlaví MeSH
ženské pohlaví MeSH
Publikační typ
časopisecké články MeSH
pozorovací studie MeSH

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