Pumpkinseed
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Providing parental care is potentially costly. Costs can arise through elevated energy expenditure or from an increased risk of mortality. A cost of parental care can also occur because a parent is compromised in their ability to forage. We used pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus, a fish with an alternative male mating strategy, to test whether parental males differed in their feeding in comparison with females and cuckolder males. To address this question, we examined the stomach contents of female, cuckolder male, and parental male pumpkinseed during the breeding season over an entire diel cycle. We showed that parental males had a lower total weight of food in their stomachs in comparison with females, while cuckolder males did not. Parental males also had a lower weight and number of chironomids in their stomachs. The temporal pattern of feeding of parental males diverged from that of females, and they had a lower probability of pupal chironomids in their stomachs, which implies spatial segregation in foraging. Parental males had a greater probability of conspecific eggs in their stomachs than females, while the probability of egg cannibalism did not differ between cuckolder males and females. Overall, these finding meet predictions in accordance with an assumption that parental care and territoriality can compromise feeding.
The pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus, a centrarchid fish native to eastern North America, was introduced into Europe at the end of the 19th century. Lepomis gibbosus now represents one of the most successful of introduced fish species, having spread widely throughout many European countries. In this study, we collected monogenean parasites of L. gibbosus from four sites in the Danube River Basin. We recorded four monogenean species: Gyrodactylus sp., probably acquired in the area of introduction, and Onchocleidus similis, O. dispar and Actinocleidus recurvatus, species introduced together with their host. Onchocleidus similis dominated the parasite community at all sampling sites. Actinocleidus recurvatus has only been reported from southern Europe to date and, therefore, this is the first report of A. recurvatus from Central Europe and the Danube River Basin. We observed high morphological variability in both anchor pairs of A. recurvatus. Only in O. similis was there a positive correlation observed between haptor metric traits and fish host length. Differences in metric traits between native and introduced O. similis populations may reflect a difference in fish host size, the introduced fish host achieving a smaller size than fish from native populations. A detailed analysis of microhabitat distribution indicated a preference for the second gill arch for both dominant species O. similis and A. recurvatus, with dissimilar site segregation.
- MeSH
- infekce červy třídy Trematoda parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb parazitologie MeSH
- Perciformes parazitologie fyziologie MeSH
- řeky MeSH
- Trematoda klasifikace izolace a purifikace MeSH
- žábry parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
Morphological and molecular evaluation of tapeworms of the genus Bothriocephalus Rudolphi, 1808 (Cestoda: Bothriocephalidea), based on newly collected and uniformly fixed worms from freshwater fishes in Canada and the United States has revealed unexpected diversity. With a combination of selected morphological features and 4 molecular markers (18S rDNA V8 region, ITS1, ITS2, and COI gene sequences), the following morphotypes and lineages of the Bothriocephalus cuspidatus Cooper, 1917 complex were identified, several of which are specific to their respective fish definitive hosts and may represent separate species: B. cuspidatus sensu stricto from walleye, Sander vitreus (type host), which likely includes a miniature morphotype from Johnny darter, Etheostoma nigrum (both Percidae); Bothriocephalus morphotype from pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus (Centrarchidae); and Bothriocephalus morphotype from rock bass, Ambloplites rupestris (Centrarchidae). The Bothriocephalus morphotype from goldeye, Hiodon alosoides (Hiodontidae), may also represent a separate lineage (possibly Bothriocephalus texomensisSelf, 1954) but requires additional studies. A morphotype from smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieu, based on a single specimen, is morphologically and genetically very similar to the morphotype from rock bass. Morphological study of the scolex and strobila of heat-killed and fixed specimens has revealed consistent differences, often subtle, that allowed us to differentiate between these morphotypes.
- MeSH
- Cestoda anatomie a histologie genetika ultrastruktura MeSH
- cestodózy parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací veterinární MeSH
- nemoci ryb parazitologie MeSH
- okounovití parazitologie MeSH
- Perciformes parazitologie MeSH
- pravděpodobnostní funkce MeSH
- ribozomální DNA analýza chemie MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 18S genetika MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční seřazení veterinární MeSH
- sladká voda MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Kanada MeSH
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
Metacercariae of two species of Posthodiplostomum Dubois, 1936 (Digenea: Diplostomidae) were subjected to morphological and molecular studies: P. brevicaudatum (von Nordmann, 1832) from Gasterosteus aculeatus (L.) (Gasterosteiformes: Gasterosteidae), Bulgaria (morphology, cox1 and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and Perca fluviatilis L. (Perciformes: Percidae), Czech Republic (morphology, cox1, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 28S); and P. centrarchi Hoffman, 1958 from Lepomis gibbosus (L.) (Perciformes: Centrarchidae), Bulgaria (morphology, cox1 and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and Slovakia (cox1 and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2). In addition, cercariae of P. cuticola (von Nordmann, 1832) from Planorbis planorbis (L.) (Mollusca: Planorbidae), Lithuania (morphology and cox1) and metacercariae of Ornithodiplostomum scardinii (Schulman in Dubinin, 1952) from Scardinius erythrophthalmus (L.) (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), Czech Republic, were examined (morphology, cox1, ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and 28S). These represent the first molecular data for species of Posthodiplostomum and Ornithodiplostomum Dubois, 1936 from the Palaearctic. Phylogenetic analyses based on cox1 and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, using O. scardinii as the outgroup and including the three newly-sequenced Posthodiplostomum spp. from Europe and eight published unidentified (presumably species-level) lineages of Posthodiplostomum from Canada confirmed the distinct status of the three European species (contrary to the generally accepted opinion that only P. brevicaudatum and P. cuticola occur in the Palaearctic). The subspecies Posthodiplostomum minimum centrarchi Hoffmann, 1958, originally described from North America, is elevated to the species level as Posthodiplostomum centrarchi Hoffman, 1958. The undescribed "Posthodiplostomum sp. 3" of Locke et al. (2010) from centrarchid fishes in Canada has identical sequences with the European isolates of P. centrarchi and is recognised as belonging to the same species. The latter parasite, occurring in the alien pumpkinseed sunfish Lepomis gibbosus in Europe, is also supposed to be alien for this continent. It is speculated that it colonised Europe long ago and is currently widespread (recorded in Bulgaria, Slovakia and Spain); based on the cox1 sequence of an adult digenean isolate from the Ebro Delta, Spain, only the grey heron (Ardea cinerea L.) (Ciconiiformes: Ardeidae) is known to be its definitive host in Europe.
- MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- fylogeneze * MeSH
- Perciformes parazitologie MeSH
- respirační komplex IV genetika MeSH
- ribozomální DNA genetika MeSH
- Smegmamorpha parazitologie MeSH
- Trematoda anatomie a histologie klasifikace genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
