pseudomyopia
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The incidence of myopia among school children has risen markedly over the last three decades. In urban areas of South and East Asia, as many as 80-90% of young adults are now myopic. This trend is occurring elsewhere around the world. During the COVID-19 lockdowns, children in many countries were confined indoors and spent an undue amount of time exposed to television screens, computers, and mobile devices. This resulted in an acceleration in the incidence and progression of the condition. Myopia is a significant public health issue as it is a leading cause of blindness and other vision problems. Yet the underlying mechanisms that produce the condition remain elusive. Pseudomyopia has recently been proposed as an independent risk factor for myopia. We hypothesize that pseudomyopia induced by prolonged close work, stress, and anxiety combines and is further amplified by chronically low ambient light levels. If time spent outdoors in daylight is restricted, the effects worsen and together may play a significant part in myopia epidemics.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Introduction: Spasm of the near reflex usually includes accommodative spasm, esophoria/tropia, and different degrees of miosis. Patients usually refer to distance blurred and fluctuating vision, ocular discomfort, and headaches. The diagnosis is established with refraction with and without cycloplegia; most of the cases have a functional etiology. However, some cases require neurological conditions to be ruled out; cycloplegics have an important diagnostic and therapeutic role. Purpose: To describe a case of bilateral severe accommodative spasm in a healthy 14-year-old teenager. Case presentation: A 14-year-old boy with progressive diminished visual acuity attended for YSP consultation. The diagnosis of bilateral spasm of the near reflex was made, based on a gap refraction of 9.75 D between retinoscopy with and without cycloplegia and esophoria with normal keratometry and axial length. The spasm was eliminated with 2 drops of cycloplegic in each eye separated by 15 days; no clear etiology was found other than the start of school. Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware of pseudomyopia, especially in children with acute changes in visual acuity, who are usually exposed to myopigenic environmental factors that induce overstimulation of the parasympathetic third cranial nerve’s innervation.
- MeSH
- akomodace oka * MeSH
- atropin aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- esotropie diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mydriatika MeSH
- reflex fyziologie MeSH
- refrakce oka MeSH
- spasmus farmakoterapie patofyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
