methanol detection
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3,5-Dinitrobenzoate and picrate are light absorbing anions pertinent to indirect photometric detection of boron cluster anions in buffered methanolic background electrolytes (BGEs). Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and morpholine have been used as buffering bases, which eliminated baseline steps, and minimized the baseline noise. In methanolic BGEs, mobilities of boron cluster anions depend on both ionic constituents of the BGE buffer. This dependence can be explained by ion pair interaction of detected anions with BGE cations, which are not bonded into ion pairs with the BGE anions. The former ion pair interaction decreases sensitivity of the indirect photometric detection.
A new method for rapid, direct determination of formate in blood serum samples by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductometric detection is presented. A selective separation of formate was achieved in approximately 1 min using an electrolyte system comprising 10 mM L-histidine, 15 mM glutamic acid and 30 μM cetyltrimethylammonium bromide at pH 4.56. The only sample preparation was dilution (1:100) with deionized water. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation was 2.2 μM and 7.3 μM, respectively, which corresponds to 0.22 mM and 0.73 mM in undiluted blood serum. The method provides a simple and rapid diagnostic test in suspected methanol intoxication cases. The method has been successfully tested on determination of formate in blood of a patient admitted to the hospital under acute methanol intoxication. The peak concentration of formate detected in the patient blood serum was 12.4mM, which is 10- to 100-fold higher than the normal values in healthy population. The developed method presents the fastest test currently available to detect formate in blood samples.
- MeSH
- elektrická vodivost MeSH
- elektroforéza kapilární metody MeSH
- formiáty krev MeSH
- kyselina glutamová chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methanol krev otrava toxicita MeSH
- otrava alkoholem krev MeSH
- otrava krev MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Intoxikace metanolem může způsobit diagnostické potíže, pokud neexistuje údaj o požití závadné látky. V úvodu epidemie metanolových otrav v ČR v roce 2012 jsme se s negativní anamnézou konzumace alkoholu potýkali hned několikrát. Hladiny metanolu byly u těchto několika pacientů stopové, někdy dokonce nulové. Pacienti trpěli četnými přidruženými nemocemi, někteří z nich museli být během přijetí resuscitováni. Jednoduchá metoda stanovení hladiny kyseliny mravenčí nebyla v prvních dnech vlny otrav běžně dostupná. Intoxikace metanolem byla definitivně potvrzena v těchto případech až dodatečným vyšetřením kyseliny mravenčí v séru ve specializované laboratoři s odstupem několika dalších dnů. Tyto skutečnosti nás vedly k ověření možnosti detekce nadlimitní koncentrace formiátu v séru rychlým screeningovým vyšetřením. Analýza vzorků krevního séra, odebraných během léčby intoxikace metanolem, kapilární elektroforézou ukázala, že lze dobře monitorovat hladinu formiátu v séru jak před zahájením terapie, tak během ní. Klíčová slova: metanol – kyselina mravenčí – acidóza – kapilární elektroforéza – hemodialýza
Methanol intoxication can be difficult to diagnose, especially if there is no supporting evidence of ingestion of the toxic compound. At the begining of the methanol intoxication epidemic in the Czech Republic (2012) we faced a negative anamnesis of alcohol consumption several times. The measured levels of methanol in these patients were very low, sometimes methanol was even not detected. The patients were suffering from concomitant illnesses and some of them had to be resuscitated during admission. Simple screening methods able to detect formic acid were not available at the beginning of the epidemic. Eventually, methanol intoxication was confirmed a few days later in a specialized toxicological laboratory. Therefore, we tested a novel capillary electrophoretic method for the rapid screening of concentration of formic acid in the serum above its normal physiological range. Analysis of the serum of the patients intoxicated with methanol proved that monitoring of formate concentration in the serum with the newly developed method before and during the medical management is possible. Keywords: methanol – formic acid – acidosis – capillary electrophoresis – haemodialysis
- Klíčová slova
- kyselina mravenčí,
- MeSH
- acidóza etiologie patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- antidota terapeutické užití MeSH
- časná diagnóza MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- dialýza ledvin MeSH
- elektroforéza kapilární * metody statistika a číselné údaje využití MeSH
- ethanol aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- fomepizol MeSH
- formiáty * krev metabolismus MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methanol * krev metabolismus otrava MeSH
- otrava diagnóza patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu MeSH
- pyrazoly terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
V tomto článku je prezentován smrtelný případ zneužití rozpouštědla. Čtyřicetiletý muž byl nalezen mrtvý ve svém domě s mnoha prázdnými vinylovými sáčky a lahvemi obsahujícími směs toluenu a metanolu v okolí. Pitva neprokázala žádné známky vnějšího poranění a vyloučila i fyzická onemocnění. Následné šetření odhalilo, že oběť dlouhodobě zneužívala toluen. V krvi ze stehenní žíly byla zjištěna koncentrace toluenu 20,1 mg/l, metanolu 210 mg/l a kyseliny mravenčí 25,2 mg/l. Nebyl detekován žádný etanol a screening léků pomocí TriageTM (Biosite Diagnostic, San Diego, CA) byl rovněž negativní. Koncentrace toluenu ve femorální krvi byla na letální úrovni a koncentrace metanolu byla v toxickém rozmezí. Těžká, relativně dlouhodobá expozice toluenu vyplývala z vysoké koncentrace kyseliny hippurové v moči (12,91 g/l). Z pitevních nálezů, výsledků toxikologického vyšetření a vyšetřování ze strany úřadů vyplývalo, že příčina smrti byla otrava toluenem a metanolem.
A fatal case of abuse of solvent containing mixture of toluene and methanol is presented. Concentrations of toluene, methanol and formic acid in a femoral venous blood sample were 20.1 mg/L, 210 mg/L and 25.2 mg/L, respectively. From the autopsy findings and toxicological examination, we concluded that the cause of death was poisoning by toluene and methanol.
- Klíčová slova
- kyselina mravenčí,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methanol analýza krev škodlivé účinky MeSH
- pitva MeSH
- poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek * MeSH
- rozpouštědla * analýza škodlivé účinky MeSH
- smrt MeSH
- toluen * analýza krev škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Japonsko MeSH
Methanol, an aliphatic alcohol widely used in the industry, causes acute and chronic intoxications associated with severe long-term health damage, including permanent visual impairment, brain damage, mainly necrosis of the basal ganglia and high mortality due to cancer. However, the role of formaldehyde, an intermediate metabolite of methanol oxidation, in methanol toxicity remains unclear. Thus, we studied the reactivity of several amino acids and peptides in the presence of formaldehyde by identifying products by direct infusion electrospray high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization MS. Cysteine, homocysteine and two peptides, CG and CGAG, provided cyclic products with a +12 amu mass shift with respect to the original compounds. The proposed structures of the products were confirmed by high-resolution tandem MS. Moreover, the formation of the products with +12 amu mass shift was also shown for two biologically relevant peptides, fragments of ipilimumab, which is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4. Overall, our experimental results indicate that formaldehyde reacts with some amino acids and peptides, yielding covalently modified structures. Such chemical modifications may induce undesirable changes in the properties and function of vital biomolecules (e.g., hormones, enzymes) and consequently pathogenesis.
Cíl: Cílem této studie bylo popsat časné radiologické nálezy u pacientů s diagnostikovanou intoxikací metanolem a zjistit vztah mezi přítomností a rozsahem těchto nálezů a prognózou. Metody: Hodnoceny byly klinické a časné radiologické nálezy u pacientů, kteří se dostavili na pohotovost s náhlými obtížemi, a následně u nich byla diagnostikována intoxikace metanolem. Pacienti byli rozděleni do skupin podle radiologického nálezu a porovnáni podle hladiny metanolu při příjmu, stupně závažnosti metabolické acidózy a klinických výsledků. Výsledky: Do studie bylo zařazeno 45 pacientů (41 [91,1 %] mužů), jejichž průměrný věk byl 51,6 ± 13,6 let. Nejčastějším symptomem byla ztráta zraku (n = 25; 55,6 %). Vyšetření pomocí CT a MR zjistilo patologické změny u 18 (40 %) pacientů (skupina I), u 27 pacientů (60 %) (skupina II) byly nálezy zobrazovacích metod normální. Počet pacientů, u nichž intoxikace vedla k následkům či smrti, byl signifikantně vyšší ve skupině I (n = 18; 100 %) než ve skupině II (n = 9; 33,3 %) (p < 0,001). Závěr: Nálezy radiologických vyšetření provedených v časné fázi mohou u pacientů po intoxikaci metanolem odhalit patologie a pomoci určit prognózu. Prognóza pacientů s radiologickým nálezem je horší než u pacientů bez pozitivního nálezu.
Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the early radiological findings detected in patients diagnosed with methanol intoxication and to investigate the relationship between the presence and extent of these findings and the prognosis. Methods: The clinical and early radiological findings of patients who presented at the emergency department with sudden-onset complaints and were diagnosed with methanol intoxication were evaluated. The patients were grouped according to the radiological findings and compared in terms of methanol levels at presentation, severity of metabolic acidosis and clinical outcomes. Results: In this study, 45 patients (41 [91.1%] males) with a mean age of 51.6 ± 13.6 years were evaluated. The most common symptom was vision loss (N = 25; 55.6%). Pathological effects were detected in 18 (40%) patients (Group I) using CT and MRI, whereas 27 patients (60%) (Group II) had normal imaging findings. The number of patients with sequelae or death in Group I (N = 18; 100%) was significantly higher than in Group II (N = 9; 33.3%) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Radiological imaging findings obtained in the early period can reveal pathology and predict prognosis in methanol intoxication. Patients with radiological findings have a worse prognosis than those without positive imaging findings.
- Klíčová slova
- neuroradiologické nálezy,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody MeSH
- methanol * otrava MeSH
- neurozobrazování metody MeSH
- otrava diagnóza patologie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
OBJECTIVES: We report the results of the visual evoked potentials (VEP) examination in patients after severe poisoning by methanol. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The group of 47 patients (38 males and 9 females) was assembled out of persons who survived an outbreak of poisoning by the methanol adulterated alcohol beverages, which happened in the Czech Republic in 2012-2013. The visual evoked potentials examination was performed using monocular checkerboard pattern-reversal stimulation. Two criteria of abnormality were chosen: missing evoked response, and wave P1 latency > 117 ms. Non-parametric statistical methods (median, range, and the median test) were used to analyze factors influencing the VEP abnormality. RESULTS: The visual evoked potential was abnormal in 20 patients (43%), 5 of them had normal visual acuity on the Snellen chart. The VEP abnormality did not correlate significantly with initial serum concentrations of methanol, formic acid or lactate; however, it showed statistically significant inverse relation to the initial serum pH: the subgroup with the abnormal VEP had significantly lower median pH in comparison with the subgroup with the normal VEP (7.16 vs. 7.34, p = 0.04). The abnormality was not related to chronic alcohol abuse. CONCLUSIONS: The visual evoked potentials examination appeared sensitive enough to detected even subclinical impairment of the optic system. Metabolic acidosis is likely to be the key factor related to the development of visual damage induced by methanol. The examination performed with a delay of 1-9 months after the poisoning documented the situation relatively early after the event. It is considered as a baseline for the planned long-term follow-up of the patients, which will make it possible to assess the dynamics of the observed changes, their reversibility, and the occurrence of potential late sequelae.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- formiáty krev MeSH
- koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
- kyselina mléčná krev MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methanol krev farmakologie otrava MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- zraková ostrost MeSH
- zrakové evokované potenciály účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A new, simple photo-deposition method of silver nanoparticles induced by laser inside a fused-silica capillary is described and tested. Silver nanoparticles are immobilized using Ar-ion laser beam of a wavelength of 488 nm and power of 3.6 mW for 60 min. The photodeposited compact spot of a size of ∼10 μm is temporary and spatially stable and resistant to a hydrodynamic flow. The deposit has very good properties for surface-enhanced Raman scattering and serves well for detection in capillary electrophoresis. The advantage of this approach is that neither the silver nanoparticles nor the chemicals for their preparation are components of the background electrolyte during the electrophoretic separation. Thus, the substrate formation and separation of analytes are two independent processes and can be performed under their optimum conditions. The zone broadening due to the sorption of analytes on the immobilized nanoparticles can be significantly reduced by an addition of 20% solution of methanol. The efficiency of capillary electrophoresis and detection selectivity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering induced by He-Ne laser at 632.8 nm is demonstrated by the 3D electropherograms of rhodamines 123 and B as model samples. The limits of detection of about 49 and 150 fmol (1 and 2 μM) have been reached for rhodamine B and 123, respectively.
- MeSH
- chemické modely MeSH
- elektroforéza kapilární metody MeSH
- fotochemické procesy MeSH
- kovové nanočástice chemie MeSH
- limita detekce MeSH
- methanol chemie MeSH
- Ramanova spektroskopie přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- rhodaminy analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- stříbro chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Determination of the contents of methanol and ethanol in aqueous solutions was performed by measuring the permittivity of solutions using a contactless conductivity detector (C(4) D) normally used for detection in capillary electrophoresis. The detection cell is a section of a fused silica capillary with an internal diameter of 50 μm with a pair of conductivity electrodes on the external walls. The C(4) D response to samples of methanol/water and ethanol/water mixtures is linear in the concentration interval of approx. 40-100% v/v alcohol content. In the analysis of technical samples of methanol and ethanol, the determination is disturbed by the presence of even trace amounts of salts. This interference can be effectively eliminated by integrated electrophoretic desalination of the sample by the application of a direct current electric voltage with a magnitude of 10 kV to the capillary with the injected sample zone. Under these conditions, the ions migrate out of the sample zone and the detector response is controlled purely by the permittivity of the solvent/water zone. Desalinating is effective for NaCl contents in the range from 0 to 5 mmol/L NaCl. The effectiveness of the desalinating process has been verified on MeOH/water samples and in determination of the ethanol content in distilled beverages normally available in the retail network.
- MeSH
- chlorid sodný MeSH
- elektroforéza kapilární metody MeSH
- ethanol analýza chemie MeSH
- konduktometrie metody MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- methanol analýza chemie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- voda chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Pressurised fluid extraction using water or methanol was employed for the extraction of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. The extraction method was optimised in terms of temperature and duration of the static or the dynamic step. Extracts were analysed by liquid chromatography followed by UV and mass-spectrometric (MS) detections. Thermal degradation of stevioside was the same in both solvents within the range 70-160 degrees C. Methanol showed better extraction ability for isolation of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana leaves than water within the range 110-160 degrees C. However, water represents the green alternative to methanol. The limit of detection of stevioside in the extract analysed was 30 ng for UV detection and 2 ng for MS detection.