• MeSH
• hemoragická horečka krymská epidemiologie   imunologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lékařské mise MeSH
• ozbrojené síly MeSH
• vakcinace MeSH
• zdravotnické služby MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Jugoslávie MeSH

• MeSH
• hemoragická horečka krymská epidemiologie   přenos   virologie   MeSH
• infekce přenášené vektorem MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci přenášené klíšťaty MeSH
• virus krymsko-konžské hemoragické horečky izolace a purifikace   patogenita   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Turecko MeSH

The Lower Congo Basin is characterized by a mangrove-lined estuary at its mouth and, further upstream, by many hydrogeographical barriers such as rapids and narrow gorges. Five localities in the mangroves and four from (upstream) left bank tributaries or pools were sampled. On the gills of Coptodon tholloni, Coptodon rendalli, Hemichromis elongatus, Hemichromis stellifer and Tylochromis praecox, 17 species of parasites (Dactylogyridae & Gyrodactylidae, Monogenea) were found, eight of which are new to science. Six of these are herein described: Cichlidogyrus bixlerzavalai n. sp. and Cichlidogyrus omari n. sp. from T. praecox, Cichlidogyrus calycinus n. sp. and Cichlidogyrus polyenso n. sp. from H. elongatus, Cichlidogyrus kmentovae n. sp. from H. stellifer and Onchobdella ximenae n. sp. from both species of Hemichromis. On Cichlidogyrus reversati a ridge on the accessory piece was discovered that connects to the basal bulb of the penis. We report a putative spillback effect of the native parasites Cichlidogyrus berradae, Cichlidogyrus cubitus and Cichlidogyrus flexicolpos from C. tholloni to the introduced C. rendalli. From our results, we note that the parasite fauna of Lower Congo has a higher affinity with the fauna of West African and nearby freshwater ecoregions than it has with fauna of other regions of the Congo Basin and Central Africa.

• MeSH
• biodiverzita MeSH
• cichlidy anatomie a histologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• fylogeografie MeSH
• infekce červy třídy Trematoda epidemiologie   parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• nemoci ryb epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• ploštěnci klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• sladká voda parazitologie   MeSH
• žábry parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Kongo MeSH

Infections of humans with the tick-borne Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) can cause a severe hemorrhagic fever with case fatality rates of up to 80%. Most humans are infected by tick bite, crushing infected ticks by hand or by unprotected contact with blood of viremic mammals. Next to the notified human CCHF cases, the real distribution and the situation in animals in Southeastern Europe are nearly unknown. Since domestic ruminants play a crucial role in the life cycle of the vector ticks and the transmission and amplification of the virus, the antibody prevalence in those animals is a good indicator for the presence of CCHFV in a region. Therefore, the prevalence of CCHFV-specific antibodies was investigated in domestic ruminants of different regions of Bulgaria and Turkey. Sera of 1165 ruminants were tested and a prevalence of up to 90% was identified. The overall prevalence for Bulgaria was 26% and for Turkey 57%. The results highlight the risk of human infections in those regions and the importance of the investigation of the prevalence in animals for identification of risk areas. This article provides a unique overview about published CCHFV antibody prevalence in animals in comparison to human incidences in different areas of Bulgaria and Turkey. Although it will help to complete the understanding of the CCHFV situation in these countries, it also demonstrates the lack of unpublished and published data even in these highly endemic areas.

• MeSH
• hemoragická horečka krymská krev   epidemiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• klíšťata virologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přežvýkavci MeSH
• protilátky virové krev   MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• virus krymsko-konžské hemoragické horečky izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zoonózy MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Bulharsko epidemiologie   MeSH
• Turecko epidemiologie   MeSH

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is a highly virulent tick-borne pathogen that causes hemorrhagic fever in humans. The geographic range of human CCHF cases largely reflects the presence of ticks. However, highly similar CCHFV lineages occur in geographically distant regions. Tick-infested migratory birds have been suggested, but not confirmed, to contribute to the dispersal. Bats have recently been shown to carry nairoviruses distinct from CCHFV. In order to assess the presence of CCHFV in a wide range of bat species over a wide geographic range, we analyzed 1,135 sera from 16 different bat species collected in Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Germany, and Panama. Using a CCHFV glycoprotein-based indirect immunofluorescence test (IIFT), we identified reactive antibodies in 10.0% (114/1,135) of tested bats, pertaining to 12/16 tested species. Depending on the species, 3.6%-42.9% of cave-dwelling bats and 0.6%-7.1% of foliage-living bats were seropositive (two-tailed t-test, p = 0.0447 cave versus foliage). 11/30 IIFT-reactive sera from 10 different African bat species had neutralizing activity in a virus-like particle assay. Neutralization of full CCHFV was confirmed in 5 of 7 sera. Widespread infection of cave-dwelling bats may indicate a role for bats in the life cycle and geographic dispersal of CCHFV.

• MeSH
• Chiroptera * krev   virologie   MeSH
• hemoragická horečka krymská * krev   epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• virus krymsko-konžské hemoragické horečky * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Německo epidemiologie   MeSH
• Panama epidemiologie   MeSH
• střední Afrika epidemiologie   MeSH

Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne disease that has a considerable impact on human and animal health, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The intermediate hosts of the schistosome parasites are freshwater snails of the genera Biomphalaria Preston, 1910 and Bulinus Müller, 1781. In order to identify existing gaps in the spread of the disease in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), this study compiled the available knowledge of the distribution, population dynamics and ecology of the intermediate hosts of schistosomiasis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase and Scopus for all malacological studies on schistosoma intermediate hosts in DRC published between 1927 and October 2022. A total of 55 records were found, of which 31 met the inclusion criteria: these were published field and experimental studies conducted in the DRC and focused on snails as intermediate hosts of schistosomes. The analysis of these studies revealed that more up-to-date data on the distribution of snail intermediate hosts in the DRC are needed. Moreover, ecological factors have been less studied for Bulinus species than for Biomphalaria species. These factors play a crucial role in determining suitable snail habitats, and the lack of comprehensive information poses a challenge in snail control. This review makes it clear that there are no current malacological data in the DRC. There is a clear need for molecular and ecological research to update the exact species status and population dynamics of all potential intermediate host species. This will facilitate targeted snail control measures that complement drug treatment in the control of schistosomiasis in the country.

• MeSH
• Biomphalaria * parazitologie   MeSH
• Bulinus parazitologie   MeSH
• hlemýždi parazitologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Schistosoma fyziologie   MeSH
• schistosomóza * epidemiologie   veterinární   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Konžská demokratická republika MeSH

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the most widely distributed tick-borne viral disease in humans and is caused by the Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV). The virus has a broader distribution, expanding from western China and South Asia to the Middle East, southeast Europe, and Africa. The historical known distribution of the CCHFV vector Hyalomma marginatum in Europe includes most of the Mediterranean and the Balkan countries, Ukraine, and southern Russia. Further expansion of its potential distribution may have occurred in and out of the Mediterranean region. This study updated the distributional map of the principal vector of CCHFV, H. marginatum, in the Old World using an ecological niche modeling approach based on occurrence records from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and a set of covariates. The model predicted higher suitability of H. marginatum occurrences in diverse regions of Africa and Asia. Furthermore, the model estimated the environmental suitability of H. marginatum across Europe. On a continental scale, the model anticipated a widespread potential distribution encompassing the southern, western, central, and eastern parts of Europe, reaching as far north as the southern regions of Scandinavian countries. The distribution of H. marginatum also covered countries across Central Europe where the species is not autochthonous. All models were statistically robust and performed better than random expectations (p < 0.001). Based on the model results, climatic conditions could hamper the successful overwintering of H. marginatum and their survival as adults in many regions of the Old World. Regular updates of the models are still required to continually assess the areas at risk using up-to-date occurrence and climatic data in present-day and future conditions.

• MeSH
• hemoragická horečka krymská * epidemiologie   MeSH
• Ixodidae * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemoci přenášené klíšťaty * MeSH
• virus krymsko-konžské hemoragické horečky * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Epidemie virové hemoragické horečky vyvolaná virem Ebola kmen Zaire v Demokratické republice Kongo (DRK) pokračuje od roku 2018 do současnosti. Dle nejnovějších údajů amerického CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) v Atlantě, pro situaci v DRK, nakazí jedna infikovaná osoba dvě až čtyři další. Rychlost přenosu viru se pohybuje mezi 10–12 dny. Inkubační doba trvá okolo dvou týdnů. Nejčastějším způsobem přenosu je přímý kontakt s nemocným nebo jeho tělními tekutinami. Patogenita viru je 67 % (na konci září 2019 bylo nakaženo 3 157 osob, z nichž 2 108 zemřelo). Prstencová očkovací strategie rekombinantní vakcínou rVSVDG-ZEBOV-GP probíhá a přináší výsledky, nicméně v důsledku nemožnosti dohledat veškeré kontakty s nemocným (vojenské konflikty) a rezistenci části obyvatelstva vůči očkování a práci zdravotnických týmů, se nedaří epidemii zastavit.

The epidemic of viral hemorrhagic fever caused by the Ebola virus Zaire strain in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) continues from 2018 to the present. According to the latest CDC data for the DRC situation one infected person infects two to four others. The transfer rate is between 10-12 days. Incubation time is about two weeks. The most common mode of transmission in this country is direct contact with the patient or body fluids. The pathogenicity of Zaire EBOV virus is 67 % recently. The ring vaccination strategy using the recombinant rVSVDG-ZEBOV-GP vaccine is ongoing. Due to the inability to trace all contacts with the patient and the resistance of part of the population to vaccination and the work of medical teams, the epidemic has not stopped.

• MeSH
• epidemie prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• hemoragická horečka Ebola * epidemiologie   přenos   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vakcíny proti ebole terapeutické užití   MeSH
• virus Ebola patogenita   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Kongo MeSH

17. července 2019 označil ředitel Světové zdravotnické organizace, na základě zhodnocení situace v Demokratické republice Kongo (DRK), vzhledem k pokračující epidemii virové hemoragické horečky Ebola, jako Public Health Emergency of International Concern. Důvody tohoto opatření jsou podloženy podrobnou analýzou, ze které vychází i předpoklad vysoké pravděpodobnosti pokračujícího rozšiřování onemocnění do nových lokalit jak v DRK, tak i v přeshraničních oblastech. Naopak globální nebezpečí (zavlečení infekce mimo africký kontinent) bylo vyhodnoceno stále jako nízkorizikové.

On July 17, 2019 the Director of the World Health Organization, based on an assessment of the situation in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), named the Public Health Emergency of International Concern due to the ongoing epidemic of the Ebola haemorrhagic fever. The reasons for this measure are supported by a detailed analysis, which also assumes a high probability of the continued spread of the disease to new localities both in DRC and in cross-border areas. On the contrary, the global danger (the introduction of infection outside the African continent) was still assessed as low risk.

• MeSH
• epidemie prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• epidemiologické faktory MeSH
• hemoragická horečka Ebola * prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• kontrola infekčních nemocí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ozbrojené konflikty * MeSH
• ozbrojené síly MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Konžská demokratická republika MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to detect the seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) in endemic (Kyzylorda) and non-endemic (Almaty) oblasts of Kazakhstan. METHODS: Paired serum samples from 802 patients with FUO were collected. Serum samples were investigated by ELISA to detect IgG and IgM antibodies against CCHFV. Sera with suspected acute infection were further investigated by RT-PCR to detect the viral RNA. RESULTS: IgG antibodies were detected in 12.7% of the sera from both oblasts. Acute infection was shown by IgM ELISA in four patients from Kyzylorda, with only one developing severe CCHF. Viral RNA was found by RT-PCR in the other three patients' sera. Phylogenetic analysis of partial L and S segments revealed CCHFV genotype Asia 2 and a possible reassortment between the genotypes Asia 1/Asia 2. Animal husbandry, such as working with cattle and horses, was significantly associated with CCHFV seropositivity. CONCLUSIONS: The antibodies and viral RNA detected in sera indicate that mild or even asymptomatic CCHFV infections are presented in Kazakhstan. This study describes the circulation of CCHFV in the so far non-endemic Almaty oblast for the first time. In conclusion, physicians treating patients with FUO in Kazakhstan should be aware of mild CCHF.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• ELISA MeSH
• hemoragická horečka krymská komplikace   epidemiologie   MeSH
• horečka neznámého původu etiologie   MeSH
• koně MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• protilátky virové krev   MeSH
• RNA virová krev   MeSH
• séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
• skot MeSH
• virus krymsko-konžské hemoragické horečky genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• skot MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Kazachstán MeSH