The study presents a novel vancomycin-releasing collagen wound dressing derived from Cyprinus carpio collagen type I cross-linked with carbodiimide which retarded the degradation rate and increased the stability of the sponge. Following lyophilization, the dressings were subjected to gamma sterilization. The structure was evaluated via scanning electron microscopy images, micro-computed tomography, and infrared spectrometry. The structural stability and vancomycin release properties were evaluated in phosphate buffered saline. Microbiological testing and a rat model of a wound infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were then employed to test the efficacy of the treatment of the infected wound. Following an initial mass loss due to the release of vancomycin, the sponges remained stable. After 7 days of exposure in phosphate buffered saline (37°C), 60% of the material remained with a preserved collagen secondary structure together with a high degree of open porosity (over 80%). The analysis of the release of vancomycin revealed homogeneous distribution of the antibiotic both across and between the sponges. The release of vancomycin was retarded as proved by in vitro testing and further confirmed by the animal model from which measurable concentrations were observed in blood samples 24 hours after the subcutaneous implantation of the sponge, which was more than observed following intraperitoneal administration. The sponge was also highly effective in terms of reducing the number of colony-forming units in biopsies extracted from the infected wounds 4 days following the inoculation of the wounds with the MRSA solution. The presented sponges have ideal properties to serve as wound dressing for prevention of surgical site infection or treatment of already infected wounds.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakokinetika MeSH
- hojení ran účinky léků MeSH
- kapři MeSH
- karbodiimidy farmakokinetika MeSH
- kolagen farmakokinetika MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- methicilin rezistentní Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- obvazy MeSH
- vankomycin farmakokinetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Objectives: Surgical wounds resulting from biofilm-producing microorganisms represent a major healthcare problem that requires new and innovative treatment methods. Rifampin is one of a small number of antibiotics that is able to penetrate such biofilms, and its local administration has the potential to serve as an ideal surgical site infection protection and/or treatment agent. This paper presents two types (homogeneous and sandwich structured) of rifampin-releasing carbodiimide-cross-linked fresh water fish collagen wound dressings. Methods: The dressings were prepared by means of the double-lyophilization method and sterilized via gamma irradiation so as to allow for testing in a form that is able to serve for direct clinical use. The mechanical properties were studied via the uniaxial tensile testing method. The in vivo rifampin-release properties were tested by means of a series of incubations in phosphate-buffered saline. The microbiological activity was tested against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) employing disc diffusion tests, and the in vivo pharmacokinetics was tested using a rat model. A histological examination was conducted for the study of the biocompatibility of the dressings. Results: The sandwich-structured dressing demonstrated better mechanical properties due to its exhibiting ability to bear a higher load than the homogeneous sponges, a property that was further improved via the addition of rifampin. The sponges retarded the release of rifampin in vitro, which translated into at least 22 hours of rifampin release in the rat model. This was significantly longer than was achieved via the administration of a subcutaneous rifampin solution. Microbiological activity was proven by the results of the disc diffusion tests. Both sponges exhibited excellent biocompatibility as the cells penetrated into the scaffold, and virtually no signs of local irritation were observed. Conclusions: We present a novel rifampin-releasing sandwich-structured fresh water fish collagen wound dressing that has the potential to serve as an ideal surgical site infection protection and/or treatment agent.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- biofilmy účinky léků MeSH
- hojení ran účinky léků MeSH
- infekce chirurgické rány farmakoterapie MeSH
- kolagen farmakologie MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- methicilin rezistentní Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- obvazy MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- rifampin farmakologie MeSH
- ryby metabolismus MeSH
- sladká voda MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: To assess clinical outcomes among participants undergoing mitral valve replacement with preservation of subvalvular apparatus. METHODS: Electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, World of Science, Scopus, Biosis, SciElo and Cochrane library, were probed using an extensive search strategy. Studies that reported at least one clinical outcome, such as morbidity, mortality, early 30-day mortality, myocardial failure, survival, late cerebrovascular events, length of stay, or major operative complications (stroke, prolonged ventilation, and reoperation for bleeding, renal failure, and sternal infection) were considered for inclusion. Data was extracted and pooled into a meta-analysis in RevMan (version 5.3) using a random-effects model. RESULTS: A total of 21 studies with 5,106 participants (age range: 27.3-69.2 years) were included in this meta-analysis. Preservation of the subvalvular apparatus during MVR significantly reduces the risk of long-term mortality (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.33-0.64), but not early mortality (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.12-4.93). No significant difference ejection fraction was observed (SMD: 0.10; 95% CI: -0.44-0.64). Similarly, there was no significant difference in the risk of stroke, renal failure, and pneumonia between C-MVR and in the control group. CONCLUSION: MVR with the preservation of subvalvular apparatus improves clinical outcomes, such as long-term mortality, hospital length of stay, pneumonia, and bleeding. There is no significant difference in the risk of stroke, renal failure, or ICU length of stay. However, there is very limited data available with respect to bleeding, sepsis, and nosocomial infections.
BACKGROUND: Acute aortic dissection (AD) is a lethal vascular disease, accounting for over 90% cases of acute aortic syndrome. Despite advances in understanding associated risk factors, the long-term prognosis for AD patients is still poor. Several prognostic biomarkers have been used for AD as per the IRAD, such as older age (>70 years), onset of chest pain and hypotension, but they are not effective in all patients. Instead, C-reactive protein (CRP) is a consistent inflammatory marker. CRP levels are abnormally increased in AD. However, the prognostic value of serum CRP level in AD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis (registration no CRD42017056205) to evaluate whether CRP is a biomarker associated with in-hospital mortality in type-A AD. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, SciELO, and EMBASE were searched for papers published from January 2000 to October 2017 for studies on the prognostic role of CRP at admission in type-A AD patients. Outcome data were extracted and pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated. RESULTS: 18 (N = 2875 patients) studies met the inclusion criteria. Elevated CRP level was associated with a significantly increased risk of in-hospital mortality in patients with type-A AD (HR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06-1.25, p = 0.001). The pooled sensitivity of CRP in type-A AD patients was 77% (95% CI 69%-84%, p < 0.001), and the specificity was 72% (95% CI 66%-78%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Elevated CRP level is significantly associated with increased risks of in-hospital mortality in patients with type-A AD. CRP is a convenient prognostic factor in type-A AD patients.
- MeSH
- akutní nemoc MeSH
- aortální aneurysma krev diagnóza mortalita chirurgie MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- C-reaktivní protein analýza MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- disekce aorty krev diagnóza mortalita chirurgie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mediátory zánětu krev MeSH
- mortalita v nemocnicích * MeSH
- příjem pacientů * MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- upregulace MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension is surgically treated through pulmonary endarterectomy. Although pulmonary endarterectomy is the treatment of choice for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in terms of both functional outcomes and survival, many patients experience persistent pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy. The study objective was to calculate the pooled estimates of outcomes after pulmonary endarterectomy, including persistent pulmonary hypertension. METHODS: Meta-analyses were conducted on published studies reporting residual/persistent/recurrent pulmonary hypertension in 4868 patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy. The rate of persistent pulmonary hypertension and change in mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and 6-minute walk distance after pulmonary endarterectomy were outcomes of interest. RESULTS: Twenty-five percent of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension were diagnosed with persistent pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy. Pulmonary endarterectomy reduced mean pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance by approximately 21 mm Hg (standardized mean difference, 1.75; 95% confidence interval, -1.62 to 1.88; P < .00001) and 561 dyn.s/cm5 (standardized mean difference, 1.64; 95% confidence interval, -1.58 to 1.70; P < .00001), respectively. Conversely, 6-minute walk distance increased by 96 m (standardized mean difference, -0.83; 95% confidence interval, -0.91 to -0.76; P < .00001) after pulmonary endarterectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary endarterectomy is the gold standard treatment for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and provides immediate correction of hemodynamic parameters in most patients. However, in up to one quarter of operable cases, pulmonary hypertension persists after surgery. In those patients with persistent pulmonary hypertension, continued medical management with newer agents may be required to improve pulmonary hemodynamics and, therefore, patient outcomes.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- endarterektomie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plicní embolie chirurgie MeSH
- plicní hypertenze epidemiologie etiologie MeSH
- plicní tlak v zaklínění MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
