- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
The severity and spatial extent of bark-beetle outbreaks substantially increased in recent decades worldwide. The ongoing controversy about natural forest recovery after these outbreaks highlights the need for individual-based long-term studies, which disentangle processes driving forest regeneration. However, such studies have been lacking. To fill this gap, we followed the fates of 2,552 individual seedlings for 12 years after a large-scale bark-beetle outbreak that caused complete canopy dieback in mountain Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests in southeast Germany. We explore the contribution of advance, disturbance-related, and post-disturbance regeneration to forest recovery. Most seedlings originated directly within the three-year dieback of canopy trees induced by bark-beetle outbreak. After complete canopy dieback, the establishment of new seedlings was minimal. Surprisingly, advance regeneration formed only a minor part of all regeneration. However, because it had the highest survival rate, its importance increased over time. The most important factor influencing the survival of seedlings after disturbance was their height. Survival was further modified by microsite: seedlings established on dead wood survived best, whereas almost all seedlings surrounded by graminoids died. For 5 cm tall seedlings, annual mortality ranged from 20 to 50% according to the rooting microsite. However, for seedlings taller than 50 cm, annual mortality was below 5% at all microsites. While microsite modified seedling mortality, it did not affect seedling height growth. A model of regeneration dynamics based on short-term observations accurately predicts regeneration height growth, but substantially underestimates mortality rate, thus predicting more surviving seedlings than were observed. We found that P. abies forests were able to regenerate naturally even after severe bark-beetle outbreaks owing to advance and particularly disturbance-related regeneration. This, together with microsite-specific mortality, yields structurally and spatially diverse forests. Our study thus highlights the so far unrecognized importance of disturbance-related regeneration for stand recovery after bark-beetle outbreaks.
- MeSH
- brouci fyziologie MeSH
- býložravci * MeSH
- lesy MeSH
- populační dynamika MeSH
- semenáček fyziologie MeSH
- smrk fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Německo MeSH
We report the case of a female who had suffered from progressive lymphatic malformation in the orbito-temporal region since childhood. Many surgical interventions were performed, including radical excision and shunt drainage. Despite aggressive surgical treatment, recurrence was observed after every intervention. Eventually, the condition regressed after the patient began taking a contraceptive. Moreover, it virtually disappeared after pregnancy.
- MeSH
- abnormality lymfatického systému komplikace patofyziologie chirurgie terapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ethinylestradiol aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- indukce remise MeSH
- komplikace těhotenství prevence a kontrola MeSH
- kontraceptiva orální kombinovaná aplikace a dávkování terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfangiom komplikace chirurgie terapie MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nádory obličeje komplikace chirurgie terapie MeSH
- norgestrel aplikace a dávkování analogy a deriváty terapeutické užití MeSH
- orbita MeSH
- pooperační komplikace prevence a kontrola MeSH
- recidiva MeSH
- spánková kost MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfatické metastázy MeSH
- lymfedém MeSH
- lymfografie MeSH
- nádory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
