- MeSH
- chřipka lidská prevence a kontrola MeSH
- imunita účinky léků MeSH
- imunitní systém * MeSH
- kolostrum MeSH
- kyselina askorbová farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nedostatek vitaminu C diagnóza MeSH
- probiotika terapeutické užití MeSH
- syndromy imunologické nedostatečnosti MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To obtain information on the transport of carbamazepine and its active metabolite carbamazepine-epoxide from mother to colostrum and breastfed newborns. METHODS: In this cohort study, carbamazepine and carbamazepine-epoxide concentrations in maternal serum (162 women), milk (i.e., colostrum) and breastfed newborn serum were analysed between the 1st and 5th days after delivery from November 1990 to February 2021. The measured concentrations were compared with the delivery and mature milk periods. The effect of the combination with both enzyme-inducing antiseizure medication and valproic acid was also evaluated. RESULTS: Carbamazepine concentrations varied from 1.0 to 11.2 mg/L (epoxide 0.3-4.4 mg/L) in maternal serum, from 0.5 to 6.8 mg/L (epoxide 0.3-2.4 mg/L) in milk and from 0.5 to 4.7 mg/L (epoxide 0.3-1.7 mg/L) in newborn serum. The median milk/maternal serum concentration ratio of carbamazepine was 0.45 (epoxide 0.71), the median newborn/maternal serum concentration ratio of carbamazepine was 0.20 (epoxide 0.41), and the median newborn serum/milk concentration ratio of carbamazepine was 0.38 (epoxide 0.50). A highly significant correlation was found between the milk and maternal serum concentrations of both carbamazepine and carbamazepine-epoxide and between the milk and newborn serum concentrations of carbamazepine. CONCLUSIONS: In the serum of breastfed newborns, only one concentration of carbamazepine reached the reference range used for the general epileptic population, and more than half was below the lower limit of quantification. Routine monitoring of serum carbamazepine concentrations is not required in breastfed newborns. However, observation of newborns is desirable, and if signs of potential adverse reactions are noted, the serum concentrations in newborns should be measured.
- MeSH
- antikonvulziva terapeutické užití MeSH
- benzodiazepiny farmakologie MeSH
- epoxidové sloučeniny farmakologie MeSH
- karbamazepin MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- kojení * MeSH
- kolostrum metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mateřské mléko metabolismus MeSH
- matky * MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the concentrations of lamotrigine in maternal serum, colostrum, and serum of breastfed newborns, and to evaluate the effect of comedication with enzyme-inducing antiseizure medication and valproic acid. METHODS: This cohort study collected data from 158 women and 143 breastfed newborns. Maternal serum, milk (i.e., colostrum), and newborn serum samples were collected between the 2nd and 5th postnatal days, and lamotrigine concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The median lamotrigine concentrations were 2.7 mg/L in maternal serum, 1.4 mg/L in milk, and 1.7 mg/L in newborn serum. The median milk/maternal serum concentration ratio was 0.60, the median newborn/maternal serum concentration ratio was also 0.60, and the median newborn serum/milk concentration ratio was 1.00. A significant correlation was observed between milk and maternal serum concentrations and between newborn serum and milk concentrations, maternal serum concentrations, maternal daily dose, and dose related to maternal body weight. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to lamotrigine in breastfed newborns is lower than exposure during pregnancy. However, by the same dose by the same mother, lamotrigine concentrations in both maternal serum and milk increase significantly after delivery. This finding, together with the immature function of eliminating enzymes in newborns, may be the reason for reaching concentrations in the reference range used for the general epileptic population in breastfed newborns. Therapeutic monitoring of breastfed newborns serum concentrations of lamotrigine is not mandatory; however, if signs of possible adverse events are noted, newborn serum concentrations should be analysed.
- MeSH
- antikonvulziva terapeutické užití MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- kojení * MeSH
- kolostrum chemie MeSH
- lamotrigin farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mateřské mléko chemie MeSH
- matky * MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- poporodní období MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Breast milk is a complex mixture containing underexplored bioactive lipids. We performed an observational case-control study to compare the impact of delivery mode: caesarean section (CS) and vaginal birth (VB); and term (preterm and term delivery) on the levels of lipokines in human milk at different stages of lactation. Metabolomic analysis of the milk identified triacylglycerol estolides as a metabolic reservoir of the anti-inflammatory lipid mediator 5-palmitic acid ester of hydroxystearic acid (5-PAHSA). We found that triacylglycerol estolides were substrates of carboxyl ester lipase and 5-PAHSA-containing lipids were the least preferred substrates among tested triacylglycerol estolide isomers. This explained exceptionally high colostrum levels of 5-PAHSA in the VB group. CS and preterm birth negatively affected colostrum lipidome, including 5-PAHSA levels, but the lipidomic profiles normalized in mature milk. Mothers delivering term babies vaginally produce colostrum rich in 5-PAHSA, which could contribute to the prevention of intestinal inflammation in newborns.
- MeSH
- císařský řez MeSH
- estery metabolismus MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kolostrum metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina palmitová metabolismus MeSH
- laktace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipasa metabolismus MeSH
- mateřské mléko * metabolismus MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- předčasný porod * metabolismus MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- triglyceridy metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- buněčná imunita účinky léků MeSH
- imunitní systém fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- imunoglobuliny fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- kolostrum * fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- kyselina askorbová * farmakologie imunologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- laktoperoxidasa fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nedostatek vitaminu C farmakoterapie imunologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- nemoci imunitního systému etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- proteinové domény bohaté na prolin MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- brynza,
- MeSH
- diabetická noha * terapie MeSH
- fytoterapie metody MeSH
- hojení ran MeSH
- kolostrum MeSH
- komplikace diabetu terapie MeSH
- kyselina askorbová terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nutriční terapie metody MeSH
- ozon terapeutické užití MeSH
- přikládání pijavic metody MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra účinky léků MeSH
- vředy dolních končetin terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- Colenter LD, Lipo C Askor Forte, LipoC Askor Junior,
- MeSH
- kolostrum chemie cytologie imunologie MeSH
- kyselina askorbová aplikace a dávkování farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- liposomy aplikace a dávkování farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- mikrobiota fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- nosiče léků MeSH
- přirozený porod MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra * genetika imunologie účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH