Plant secondary metabolism evolved in the context of highly organized and differentiated cells and tissues, featuring massive chemical complexity operating under tight environmental, developmental and genetic control. Biotechnological demand for natural products has been continuously increasing because of their significant value and new applications, mainly as pharmaceuticals. Aseptic production systems of plant secondary metabolites have improved considerably, constituting an attractive tool for increased, stable and large-scale supply of valuable molecules. Surprisingly, to date, only a few examples including taxol, shikonin, berberine and artemisinin have emerged as success cases of commercial production using this strategy. The present review focuses on the main characteristics of plant specialized metabolism and their implications for current strategies used to produce secondary compounds in axenic cultivation systems. The search for consonance between plant secondary metabolism unique features and various in vitro culture systems, including cell, tissue, organ, and engineered cultures, as well as heterologous expression in microbial platforms, is discussed. Data to date strongly suggest that attaining full potential of these biotechnology production strategies requires being able to take advantage of plant specialized metabolism singularities for improved target molecule yields and for bypassing inherent difficulties in its rational manipulation.
- MeSH
- artemisininy izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- axenická kultura MeSH
- berberin izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- biologické přípravky izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- biotechnologie metody MeSH
- buněčné kultury MeSH
- fytonutrienty biosyntéza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- metabolické inženýrství metody MeSH
- naftochinony izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- paclitaxel biosyntéza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- rostlinné buňky chemie metabolismus MeSH
- rostliny chemie genetika metabolismus MeSH
- sekundární metabolismus MeSH
- techniky tkáňových kultur MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Celkový extrakt z kôry nadzemnej časti Mahonia aquifolium sa študoval z hľadiska chemickéhozloženia a účinku na komplementový systém. Výsledky ukázali, že celkový extrakt vykazujeantikomplementovú aktivitu na aktiváciu komplementu klasickou cestou, ktorá môže súvisieťs prítomnosťou alkaloidov. Frakcia BBI alkaloidov a izolovaný hlavný protoberberínový alkaloid –berberín sa vyznačujú vyššou antikomplementovou aktivitou v porovnaní s celkovým extraktom.Výsledky ukazujú, že berberín a frakcia so zmesou BBI alkaloidov sa zúčastňujú na imunomodulačnom účinku celkového extraktu M. aquifolium.
Crude extracts obtained from the stem bark of Mahonia aquifolium have been investigated as tothe chemical composition and anticomplementary activity. The results show that their anticomplementary activity is mainly due to the alkaloid components. Especially the BBI alkaloid fraction andberberine showed a strong inhibitory effect on CH50 total hemolytic complement assay. The crudeextract of M. aquifolium was less active than berberine or the fraction BBI alkaloids. The resultsindicate that the fraction of BBI alkaloids and berberine largely account for the immunomodulatoryactivity of the crude extract of M. aquifolium.
- Klíčová slova
- nuciferin, mecambridin, isothebain, orientalidin, oxysanguinarin, koptisin, salutaridin,
- MeSH
- alkaloidy izolace a purifikace MeSH
- apomorfin analogy a deriváty izolace a purifikace MeSH
- aporfiny izolace a purifikace MeSH
- berberin analogy a deriváty izolace a purifikace MeSH
- chinoliziny izolace a purifikace MeSH
- chromatografie na tenké vrstvě MeSH
- fenantridiny izolace a purifikace MeSH
- morfinany izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Papaver chemie MeSH
- thebain izolace a purifikace MeSH
