Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) is a major crop for worldwide food and nutritional security, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, that is resilient to hot and drought-prone environments. An assembly of the single-haplotype inbred genome of cowpea IT97K-499-35 was developed by exploiting the synergies between single-molecule real-time sequencing, optical and genetic mapping, and an assembly reconciliation algorithm. A total of 519 Mb is included in the assembled sequences. Nearly half of the assembled sequence is composed of repetitive elements, which are enriched within recombination-poor pericentromeric regions. A comparative analysis of these elements suggests that genome size differences between Vigna species are mainly attributable to changes in the amount of Gypsy retrotransposons. Conversely, genes are more abundant in more distal, high-recombination regions of the chromosomes; there appears to be more duplication of genes within the NBS-LRR and the SAUR-like auxin superfamilies compared with other warm-season legumes that have been sequenced. A surprising outcome is the identification of an inversion of 4.2 Mb among landraces and cultivars, which includes a gene that has been associated in other plants with interactions with the parasitic weed Striga gesnerioides. The genome sequence facilitated the identification of a putative syntelog for multiple organ gigantism in legumes. A revised numbering system has been adopted for cowpea chromosomes based on synteny with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). An estimate of nuclear genome size of 640.6 Mbp based on cytometry is presented.

• Klíčová slova
• Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata, chromosomal inversion, cowpea, domestication, genome annotation, genome evolution, genome size, legumes, next-generation sequencing, repetitive elements,
• MeSH
• chromozomy rostlin genetika   MeSH
• délka genomu genetika   MeSH
• DNA rostlinná chemie   genetika   MeSH
• fazol genetika   MeSH
• genom rostlinný genetika   MeSH
• mapování chromozomů MeSH
• retroelementy genetika   MeSH
• rostlinné geny genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA metody   MeSH
• syntenie MeSH
• vigna genetika   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA rostlinná MeSH
• retroelementy MeSH