This review delves into the forensic utility of the sternum in creating a biological profile, focusing on sex, stature, and age estimation. Emphasizing the sternum's significance in challenging scenarios, the study supports the combined length of the manubrium and sternal body as a crucial indicator in sex and stature estimation. However, it highlights the need for caution in applying findings across diverse populations and questions the reliability of Hyrtl's law. Age estimation, primarily based on morphological changes and ossification ages, is explored, with one study showing promise but requiring further validation. While acknowledging the sternum's advantages, the review underscores potential limitations and the absence of specific studies on ancestry estimation, leaving this aspect open for future research. In conclusion, the review provides a comprehensive overview of the sternum's forensic applications, urging continued research to enhance accuracy and applicability.
- Klíčová slova
- Sternum, age estimation, biological profile, sex estimation, stature estimation,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- soudní antropologie * metody MeSH
- sternum * anatomie a histologie MeSH
- tělesná výška MeSH
- určení kostního věku metody MeSH
- určení pohlaví podle kostry metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
This review article highlights the crucial role of organ weights and dimensions as key indicators in forensic diagnosis. Organ weight changes serve as valuable markers for pathological conditions, aiding forensic doctors in interpreting autopsy findings. The review emphasizes the importance of precision in establish- ing organ reference values, considering factors like population-specific norms and correlations with body parameters. Furthermore, it explores the impact of obesity on organ weights, emphasizing the need for updated databases that accurately reflect diverse populations. The article underscores the inadequacy of relying on outdated sources and advocates for creating a comprehensive and updated database of organ weights and dimensions for the local population, essential for accurate forensic interpretations.
- Klíčová slova
- obesity, organ dimensions, organ weights, reference databases,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pitva * MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- velikost orgánu MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Power hammers are mechanised forging devices that constitute a pivotal part of steel manufacturing. Power hammer-associated injuries are a rare occurrence. We report a noteworthy case of a 52-year-old man who sustained a high-energy penetrating injury while working with a power (counterblow) hammer. The man used a sizable disc-shaped metallic object to dislodge the forging wedged in the machine by applying the force of the striking ram on it. On impact, the object ejected and struck the man in the right lateral portion of the chest. The autopsy disclosed extensive damage to the thoracic and abdominal organs. The cause of death was opined to be exsanguination due to penetrating trauma of the heart and transection of the descending aorta. The investigation confirmed a breach of safety regulations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first power (counterblow) hammer-related fatality in medico-legal literature.
- Klíčová slova
- autopsy, discharged flying object, forensic pathology, high‐mass penetrating injury, power hammer, safety protocol, work‐related fatality,
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Suicidal behavior is multifaceted and encompasses various factors. Among these, alcohol dependence and acute alcohol intoxication stand out as significant risk factors for suicide. The retrospective study aimed to record the development of suicide, also in connection with alcohol consumption, in the catchment area of the Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathological Anatomy of the Health Care Surveillance Authority in Martin, Slovak Republic, in the years 2009-2019.
- Klíčová slova
- Alcoholism, alcohol, northern Slovakia, suicidality, suicide,
- MeSH
- alkoholismus * epidemiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- otrava alkoholem * MeSH
- pitva MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- sebevražda * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika epidemiologie MeSH
A complex suicide defines a combination of multiple suicidal methods the victim successively or concurrently carries out. We present a case of a 72-year old man found dead on the railtrack, seemingly committing simple train-related suicide. Flobert revolver - a small caliber handgun was found nearby. Herein, we emphasize the significance of a thorough external examination, stress the fact that victim can act after low-energy projectile trauma and match our case to a similar complex suicide.
- Klíčová slova
- Flobert revolver, gunshot wounds, train crash, unplanned complex suicide,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- penetrující poranění hlavy * MeSH
- sebevražda * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- střelné rány * diagnóza MeSH
- střelné zbraně * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The muzzle imprint mark characteristically associated with contact or near contact entrance gunshot wounds exemplifies one of the most informative external findings in forensic medical practice. The presence of the muzzle imprint mark on the body's surface proves ballistic trauma, point of entry, and range of fire. Moreover, its appearance and configuration may indicate the type of the involved weapon and the way the firearm had been positioned and held at the time of discharge. In this paper, we present the contact shot wound pattern of an 83-year-old man who committed suicide with a Frommer Stop 12 M autoloading pistol of caliber 7.65 mm Browning. Initially, the muzzle imprint mark configuration in relation to the entrance gunshot defect in the victim's right temple indicated an unusual application or orientation of the pistol's barrel during discharge, thus, strongly suggesting a non-suicidal act. However, a critical confrontation of postmortem findings along with the results of ballistic expertise provided a clear explanation, which comprised the remarkable construction and unique muzzle design of the used handgun.
- Klíčová slova
- Contact shot, Entrance wound, Gunshot wound, Interpretation, Muzzle imprint,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- penetrující poranění hlavy * MeSH
- sebevražda * MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- soudní balistika MeSH
- střelné rány * MeSH
- střelné zbraně * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- krvácení patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pitva MeSH
- poranění krku krev MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sinus ethmoidalis patologie MeSH
- soudní patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
Electricity is a modern technology that can be used as method of suicide. Authors presents three cases of suicidal electrocution. The first case is a 55-year-old man who wrapped his chest and arms with electrically active wires connected to a timer. In second case, a 69-year-old man constructed electric mechanism from a disassembled extension cord. The last case describes a 53-year-old woman who was found dead in a water-filled bathtub.
- Klíčová slova
- Electricity, electric current, electrical marks, suicide,
- MeSH
- fatální výsledek MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- poranění elektrickým proudem * MeSH
- sebevražda * MeSH
- sebevražedné myšlenky MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výzkumný projekt MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
