In this study we compared the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in population samples characterized by a high or low level of self-reported depression. We measured serum IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in two cohorts which differed in scoring on the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS). The group with a high score in ZSDS (average SDS index = 62.9) was called DEP (n=27), the group with a low score in ZSDS (average SDS index = 29.9) was called NDEP (n=16). The groups did not significantly differ in age, waist circumference and body mass index. For the assessment of serum cytokine levels multiplex immunoanalytic xMAP(LUMINEX) technology was used. We found lower IL-6 in the DEP group (medians; DEP 4.08 pg/ml vs. NDEP 6.11 pg/ml) on the border of statistical significance in multiple regression analysis (p=0.049). Serum levels of all other studied cytokines were not significantly different (medians; IL-8: DEP 2.18 pg/ml vs. NDEP 2.61 pg/ml; IL-10: DEP 2.85 pg/ml vs. NDEP 2.94 pg/ml; TNF-alpha: DEP 2.32 pg/ml vs. NDEP 2.30 pg/ml). These results are in contradiction to the prevailing opinion that pro-inflammatory cytokine levels are elevated in people with symptoms of depression.

• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• deprese diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• down regulace MeSH
• imunoanalýza MeSH
• interleukin-10 krev   MeSH
• interleukin-6 krev   MeSH
• interleukin-8 krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mediátory zánětu krev   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie MeSH
• psychiatrické posuzovací škály MeSH
• regresní analýza MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• TNF-alfa krev   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• CXCL8 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• IL10 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• IL6 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• interleukin-10 MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• interleukin-8 MeSH
• mediátory zánětu MeSH
• TNF-alfa MeSH

The control of basic cardiovascular risk factors was examined in a sample of 415 diabetes type 2 patients, aged 66 +/- 10 years, with a 9.4 +/- 8 years long history of diabetes, both genders represented proportionally; 95% of the sample were hypertensive. The recommended blood pressure value was achieved by 13% males and 17% females. Antihypertensive monotherapy was indicated in 40% of the sample. Renin-angiotensin-aldosteron system inhibitors were prescibed to 90% of the sample. The fasting glycaemia < or = 6 mmol/L were achieved in 10% males and 11% females; glycosilated hemoglobin < 4.5% in 20% males and 24% females; 60% of the sample had antidiabetic pharmacotherapy--44% males and 48% females used metformin. Total fasting plasma cholesterol < 4.5 mmol/L was achieved in 31% males and 23% females; LDL-cholesterol < 2.5 mmol/L was achieved in 31% males and 41% females. The target values for diabetics in secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases or with subclinical atherosclerosis was achieved in 13% of the sample. Statins were prescribed in 60% of the sample, fibrates in 4%. Only 2 females achieved all the target values. Hypolipidemic and antihypertensive drug therapy is unsatisfactory; there is certainly a big potential in life style changes among the diabetic patients.

• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu komplikace   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci komplikace   diagnóza   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

UNLABELLED: The prevalence of chronic vascular complications is higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The objective of our cross-sectional study was to assess the incidence and types of macrovascular (MVC) and microvascular (mvc) complications and to analyse their relation to the different risk factors and biomarkers in order to improve their prevention. SET OF PATIENTS AND METHODOLOGY: 415 patients (219 men and 196 women) with an average age of 66 +/- 9 years enrolled in the study. A total of 95% of patients with DM2 had a history of hypertension, 27% had MVC (of which 55% had ischaemic heart disease), and 54% had mvc (ofwhich 95% had diabetic nephropathy). RESULTS: The patients with vascular complications were significantly older and had a longer history of DM2; they did not differ for their systolic blood pressure, but had a higher pulse pressure and took more antihypertensives. They did not differ for their lipid levels or the respective therapy. Diabetic patients with MVC and mvc had higher insulin resistance, higher plasmatic levels of total homocysteine and a higher incidence ofalbuminuria or proteinuria. The factors which significantly and independently associated with MVC were male gender, age over 60 years, higher hs-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) exceeding 1 mg/l, glycaemia over 5.6 mmol/l, lower diastolic blood pressure and lower HDL-cholesterol; mvc associated with higher age over 60 years, a history of DM2 exceeding 8 years, and hs-CRP above 1 mg/l. CONCLUSION: Our results show that patients with DM2 have a high incidence ofvascular complications significantly associated with age, DM2 history and higher hs-CRP, irrespective of the other monitored parametres.

• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu komplikace   patofyziologie   MeSH
• diabetické angiopatie diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Quantification of changes in the levels of the above hormones, i.e. cortisol, adrenalin, noradrenalin and dopamine depending on the presence of depressive symptoms and other psychopathological symptoms. SAMPLE: 259 randomly selected individuals from the population of the city of Pilsen. METHOD: Zung self-assessment scale and SCL-90 questionnaire were used to assess depressiveness and other psychopathologies. Serum cortisol levels were measured, as well as the levels ofcortisol and catecholamine (adrenalin, noradrenalin and dopamine) in a 24-hour urine sample. The studied sample was divided, by an arbitrarily defined limit, into a group with a higher and a group with a lower excretion of the monitored hormones. RESULTS: The group with cortisol excretion higher than 300 nmol/24 h had a significantly higher score in terms of the SCL-90 questionnaire interpersonal sensitiveness, depression, anxiety, phobia, paranoidism and psychoticism as compared with the group with cortisol excretion below 300 nmol/24 h (p < 0.05). The group with cortisol excretion above 300 nmol/24 h had also a significantly higher score on Zung's self-assessment depression scale as compared with the group with cortisol excretion below 300 nmol/24 h (p < 0.05). Division of the sample according to the score on Zung's self-assessment depression scale (SDS index > or = 50) has shown that women with a record of depressive symptoms had a statistically significant higher of urinary cortisol excretion in 24 hours (average 219.40 as compared with 191.64 nmol/24 h, respectively, p = 0.02). The group of men with depressive symptoms according to the score obtained on Zung self-assessment scale only showed a trend towards higher urinary noradrenalin excretion in 24 hours (average of 69.77 as compared with 63.84 microg/24 h, p = 0.17). CONCLUSION: As shown by the above results, there is a link between 24-hour urinary cortisol excretion levels and the monitored parameters of psychic condition.

• MeSH
• deprese krev   diagnóza   moč   MeSH
• duševní poruchy krev   diagnóza   moč   MeSH
• hydrokortison krev   moč   MeSH
• katecholaminy krev   moč   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• hydrokortison MeSH
• katecholaminy MeSH

BACKGROUND: The aim of study was to reveal the relationship between metabolic syndrome and depression in a population sample, based on clinical and metabolic parameters. METHODS AND RESULTS: We tried to estimate depression (or other psychopathologies) prevalence in a randomly chosen population sample of the Pilsen city, using special questionnaires. Further, we estimated metabolic syndrome of insulin resistance risk factors and we looked for the relationship between these two disorders. Mental state of object was classified according to the questionnaires results, currently evaluated by the psychiatrist. Metabolic syndrome of insulin resistance was diagnosed as a presence of 3 of the 5 following factors: Triglycerides > or = 1.7 mmol/l, HDL cholesterol < 1.0 mmol/l in males or < 1.3 mmol/l in females, blood pressure > or = 130/85 mmHg (and/or antihypertensive medication), fasting plasma glucose > or = 6.1 mmol/l, waist circumference >102 cm in males or > 88 cm in females. Depressive syndrome diagnosed by Zungs scale is present in 31% of the Pilsen population, in 38% females and 31% males (n = 340). In the group of depressive objects, characteristics of metabolic syndrome of insulin resistance were two times higher than in the control group. Differences in resting heart rate, triglycerides level and fasting C-peptid were significantly higher in the depressive subjects. After the corrections considering age, sex and treatment adjustment, the waist to hip ratio was in the depressive subjects statistically higher as well as the 24 hour excretion of urine cortisone. In persons with metabolic syndrome of insulin resistance the prevalence of depression and anxiety was significantly higher. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show a possible relationship between depressive disorder and risk factors of the syndrome of insulin resistance. The question remains if the depression treatment can correct some of the metabolic syndrome risk factors.

• MeSH
• deprese komplikace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom komplikace   psychologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To find out any relationship between presence of P450 aromatase and estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in eutopic endometrium of women with and without endometriosis and in estrogen-dependent gynecologic lesions (endometrial hyperplasia and endometriosis). DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Sikl's Institute of Pathology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital and Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University. METHODS: The examined samples were obtained from patients of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital and Medical Faculty in Pilsen (2001-2002) and elaborated in Sikl's Institute of Pathology, University Hospital and Medical Faculty in Pilsen. There were four experimental groups: endometrial hyperplasia, endometriosis and eutopic endometrium of women with and without endometriosis. P450 arom, ER and PR were detected by using immunohistochemical methods with specific antibodies. RESULTS: P450 aromatase was detected in a higher amount in endometriosis, hyperplasia and some samples of metaplasia. Estrogen and progesterone receptors were detected in all examined tissues. Number and spreading of ER and PR depend on the phase of the cycle. Lower number of ER was found in atrophic and metaplastic endometrium and in atypic hyperplasia. There was not found any direct relationship between presence of P450 aromatase and both types of receptors. CONCLUSION: Steroid metabolism in examined pathologically changed tissues is due to molecular aberrations regulated on the local level. It is not possible to use detection of P450 aromatase as a diagnostic test for pelvic endometriosis.

• MeSH
• aromatasa analýza   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endometrióza metabolismus   MeSH
• endometrium metabolismus   MeSH
• hyperplazie endometria metabolismus   MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny analýza   MeSH
• receptory progesteronu analýza   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aromatasa MeSH
• receptory pro estrogeny MeSH
• receptory progesteronu MeSH