PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In recent years, the terms "metabolic associated fatty liver disease-MAFLD" and "metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease-MASLD" were introduced to improve the encapsulation of metabolic dysregulation in this patient population, as well as to avoid the negative/stigmatizing terms "non-alcoholic" and "fatty". RECENT FINDINGS: There is evidence suggesting links between MASLD and coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), stroke, peripheral artery disease (PAD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), although the data for HF, AF, stroke and PAD are scarcer. Physicians should consider the associations between MASLD and CV diseases in their daily practice. Based on this knowledge and current guidelines, they should also assess and manage CV risk/co-morbidities in such patients. It is important to further investigate the impact of MASLD on CV outcomes, a knowledge that will help to elucidate the clinical implications of this "novel" liver entity.

• Klíčová slova
• Cardiovascular disease, Coronary heart disease, Metabolic associated fatty liver disease, Metabolic associated steatotic liver disease, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Stroke,
• MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom komplikace   patofyziologie   MeSH
• nealkoholová steatóza jater komplikace   patofyziologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
• ztučnělá játra patofyziologie   komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Long-lasting disturbances in lipid and glucose metabolism present in metabolic syndrome (MetS) lead to serious cardiovascular diseases. The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of natural antioxidant vitamin E (VitE, 100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) on basal biochemical and physiological parameters characterizing MetS and on the changed function of the heart. Furthermore, the possible potentiation of VitE effect by synthetic pyridoindole antioxidant SMe1EC2 (SMe, 15 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was also tested. MetS was induced in hereditary hypertriglyceridemic rats (HTG) by the 5 weeks administration of high-fat fructose diet (HFFD: 1 % cholesterol, 7.5 % pork lard, 10 % fructose). The heart function was tested using Langendorff preparation under constant pressure. The functional parameters of isolated heart, dysrhythmias and evoked fibrillations were evaluated in conditions of ischemia-reperfusion. The HFFD increased body weight gain and serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and blood glucose. The HFFD significantly increased heart flow and force of contraction, compared to standard diet (SD). During the reperfusion, the HFFD caused the increase of the ventricular premature beats number at the expense of decreasing the duration of serious dysrhythmias (ventricular tachycardias and fibrillations). The addition of VitE, SMe or their combination to the HFFD decreased body weight gain, depressed blood pressure, improved particular biochemical parameters. The combination of VitE and SMe suppressed the occurrence of serious dysrhythmias. Our data indicate that the HFFD-related disturbances led to alterations within pathophysiology in HTG rats. The results showed that a combination of antioxidants might have the potential to amend disorders accompanying MetS.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia farmakologie   MeSH
• dieta s vysokým obsahem tuků MeSH
• fruktosa MeSH
• hmotnostní přírůstek MeSH
• krevní glukóza metabolismus   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * komplikace   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• fruktosa MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH

The article analyzes the results of a set of biochemical indicators in the course of treatment with the combined use of rosuvastatin with quercetin in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) combined with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Changes in blood biochemical parameters have been identified and presented with MS, essential for revealing generalbiological mechanisms development and interrelationship between the components of MS and non-alcoholic fatty liver. The effect of an increase in free cholesterol and triglycerides and activation of freeradical oxidation of lipids followed by theaccumulation of oxidative stress products was noted. In the course of long-term hypolipidemic therapy (90 days), 86 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on the background of metabolic syndrome were previously divided into 2 groups: a comparison group (45 patients), who weretreated with basic therapy - only rosuvastatin, the main group (41 patients) received quercetin together with rosuvastatin -40 mg 3 times a day, clinical and laboratory-instrumental examinations were carried out. On the 90th day of treatment, positive results in the functional state of the liver and lipid spectrum of the blood wereregistered in all patients. A more significant advantage of the therapeutic combination of rosuvastatin with quercetin was proved. The inclusion of quercetin contributed to reducing the intensity of oxidative stress and enhancing antioxidant protection activity, resultingin a decrease in apoptosis of hepatocytes (cytokeratin-18 level was 1.27 times decreased). The studies have shown the feasibility of combined use of quercetin with rosuvastatin for the prevention of the development and progression of metabolic disorders associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

• Klíčová slova
• NAFLD, apoptosis of hepatocytes, metabolic syndrome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, oxidative stress, quercetin,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * komplikace   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• nealkoholová steatóza jater * komplikace   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• quercetin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• rosuvastatin kalcium terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• quercetin MeSH
• rosuvastatin kalcium MeSH

Prediabetes is defined as impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. It often appears as a part of metabolic syndrome and then represents high cardiometabolic risk. The cornestones of prediabetes management and Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease prevention are weight reduction and regular physical activity. Suitable drugs for prediabetic patients are mentioned.

• Klíčová slova
• NAFLD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention, healthy life style, metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes prevention,
• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu * komplikace   MeSH
• glukosa MeSH
• krevní glukóza metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * komplikace   MeSH
• prediabetes * farmakoterapie   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glukosa MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease in developed countries, where it affects up to a quarter of the population. The groups at most risk are diabetics, obese and patients with dyslipidemia, i. e. individuals with advanced metabolic syndrome, in whom the prevalence of NAFLD exceeds 50 %. Some of these patients develop inflammation, so-called steatohepatitis, and subsequent fibroproduction, which in turn can lead to liver cirrhosis with all the complications, especially liver failure, portal hypertension (ascites, esophageal varices) and hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore recently great emphasis has been placed on actively searching for advanced forms of NAFLD in this population in order to identify and adequately treat these patients in a timely manner. Today, diagnostic methods are widely available and the development of effective therapies for advanced forms of NAFLD is at the forefront of research interest.

• Klíčová slova
• NAFLD, elastography, hypoglycemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, type 2 diabetes mellitus metabolic syndrome,
• MeSH
• jaterní cirhóza komplikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * komplikace   diagnóza   MeSH
• nádory jater * MeSH
• nealkoholová steatóza jater * komplikace   diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is considered a common hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. With respect to the pathogenesis of liver steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, recently a consensus of international experts proposed a change in the name of the disease to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The new name should not only better reflect the pathogenesis, but also better stratify risks of the patients treatment and eliminate stigmatization originating from the presence of the term "alcohol" in the name of the disease. This work also emphasizes the common pathophysiological mechanisms involved in both metabolic syndrome and liver steatosis, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, gut dysbiosis, oxidative stress, genetic, epigenetic and hormonal factors.

• Klíčová slova
• Adipokines, Microbiome, NAFLD, NASH, Non-coding RNA, bile acids, combination therapy, diabetes mellitus type 2, dyslipidemia, hypoglycemia, metabolic syndrome, microbiome, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, proteome,
• MeSH
• inzulinová rezistence * MeSH
• játra metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * komplikace   MeSH
• nealkoholová steatóza jater * MeSH
• oxidační stres MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers potentially curative therapy for numerous malignant and non-malignant diseases. The number of survivors and length of follow-up after successful HSCT is continually increasing. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can induce damage of various organs and tissues - from minimal potentially progressive subclinical changes to life-threatening conditions. The aim of this thesis was the evaluation of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among survivors of allogeneic HSCT. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We analyzed 74 patients with a median age at transplant of 35 years, who had been followed for a median of 5 years (2-23 years) after allogeneic HSCT. MS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Programs Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria and by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) definition. RESULTS: The prevalence of MS among HSCT recipients was 40.5% applying the NCEP ATP III definition and 39.2% the IDF, a 2.02-fold increase compared to the general Slovak population. MS was more common in men. The most common MS features were abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension. The lowest prevalence of MS was in the age group of 20-29 years; and the highest prevalence in the age group of 60-69 years. The 10-year cumulative incidence of MS was 32.5%. The most significant risk factor for MS was total body irradiation, positive family history and age > 40 years at HSCT. Seven patients (9.45%) developed cardiovascular complications. The median 10-year general cardiovascular risk scores for males and females were found to be 13.3% and 6.68%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Detected increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome after allogeneic HSCT in patients surviving more than 2 years after this procedure may provide next stimulus to promote longer follow-up studies and to design of interventions to prevent late effects among survivors of serious hematologic diseases.

• Klíčová slova
• NAFLD, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, late effects, metabolic syndrome,
• MeSH
• adenosintrifosfát MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * komplikace   etiologie   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• obezita MeSH
• přežívající MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• adenosintrifosfát MeSH

The increasing number of long-term survivors that underwent the anti-cancer therapy faces the late treatment-related adverse effects and the increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome. This article defines the pathophysiology that underlies development of anti-cancer therapy-related metabolic syndrome and outlines the possibility of optimisation of comprehensive care focusing on prevention. Considering the preventability of metabolic syndrome, effective screening and follow-up appropriate for patients at increased risk of related adverse events should be established. Subsequently, early initiation of therapy targeting the hallmarks of metabolic syndrome may ease its manifestation in long-term perspective.

• Klíčová slova
• NAFLD, anti-cancer therapy, metabolic syndrome, oncology,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * chemicky indukované   komplikace   MeSH
• nádory * komplikace   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• přežívající MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease associated with multiple metabolic alterations and increased cardiovascular risk. It is supposed that visceral obesity seems to be a connection between rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity is not only associated with increased disease activity and worsened quality of life in this group of patients, but also determines the effectiveness of treatment. Biological therapy interferes with metabolic changes, too. Therefore, there is a tendency to select the right anticytokine preparation in the first line of treatment to reduce not only disease activity but also affect aspects of metabolic syndrome and comorbidites, thereby reducing cardiovascular risk and patients mortality. This work offers a basic overview of the associations between rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic disorders, describes the impact of biological therapy on individual components of the metabolic syndrome.

• Klíčová slova
• NAFLD, anticytokine treatment, cardiovascular risk, coronary artery disease, metabolic syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis,
• MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci * etiologie   MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolické nemoci * komplikace   MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * komplikace   MeSH
• revmatoidní artritida * komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components (high blood pressure, BMI≥30, altered fasting glucose, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides) may undermine early perioperative outcomes after radical prostatectomy (RP). We tested this hypothesis. MATERIALS & METHODS: Within the National Inpatient Sample database (2008-2015) we identified RP patients. The effect of MetS was tested in four separate univariable analyses, as well as in multivariable regression models predicting: 1) overall complications, 2) length of stay, 3) total hospital charges and 4) non-home based discharge. All models were weighted and adjusted for clustering, as well as all available patient and hospital characteristics. RESULTS: Of 91,618 patients: 1) 50.2% had high blood pressure, 2) 8.0% had BMI≥30, 3) 13.0% had altered fasting glucose, 4) 22.8% had high triglycerides and 5) 0.03% had low HDL cholesterol. Respectively, one vs. two vs. three vs. four MetS components were recorded in 36.2% vs. 19.0% vs. 5.5% vs. 0.8% patients. Of all patients, 6.3% exhibited ≥3 components and qualified for MetS diagnosis. The rates of MetS increased over time (EAPC:+9.8%; p < 0.001). All four tested MetS components (high blood pressure, BMI≥30, altered fasting glucose and high triglycerides) achieved independent predictor status in all four examined endpoints. Moreover, a highly statistically significant dose-response was also confirmed for all four tested endpoints. CONCLUSION: MetS and its components consistently and strongly predict early adverse outcomes after RP. Moreover, the strength of the effect was directly proportional to the number of MetS components exhibited by each individual patient, even if formal MetS diagnosis of ≥3 components has not been met.

• Klíčová slova
• Altered fasting glucose, High blood pressure, High triglycerides, Metabolic syndrome, National inpatient sample, Obesity,
• MeSH
• databáze faktografické MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze komplikace   epidemiologie   MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom komplikace   epidemiologie   MeSH
• metastázy nádorů MeSH
• nádory prostaty komplikace   chirurgie   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace epidemiologie   MeSH
• prostatektomie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Spojené státy americké epidemiologie   MeSH