PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of depressive and anxiety disorders in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) after surgery in comparison with normal individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional analytical case-control study conducted on patients who underwent surgery with a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. In the first group, 35 patients with CTS who underwent surgery were randomly selected and evaluated for anxiety and depression with two standard questionnaires - of CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression) and S-TAI (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). The second group of 35 normal people were randomly selected and examined after matching the age and sex. The data were compared and analyzed using SPSS V.22 software. RESULTS: The mean score of Spielberger state and trait anxiety and depression in the case group was higher than the control group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003 respectively). In both age groups (< 40 and > 40 years) the level of state and trait anxiety and depression was significantly higher in case than the control group. In women, the level of state and trait anxiety and depression was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group, but in men, only trait anxiety was significant. CONCLUSION: The anxiety and depression disorders were more common in patients undergoing CTS than in normal individuals. Therefore, it is necessary to study the psychological status of these patients in the pre-discharge period and pay attention to its predictors in order to plan appropriate interventions.
- Keywords
- anxiety, carpal tunnel syndrome, depression, surgery,
- MeSH
- Depression diagnosis epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
- Case-Control Studies MeSH
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome * diagnosis epidemiology surgery MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the degree of depression and anxiety in cancer patients using the Emotion Thermometers (ET) and confirming their clinical usefulness compared to the gold standard interview, as well as determining optimal cut-off values for the appropriate identification of cancer patients' distress. METHODS: We included 238 cancer patients and we used ET (Emotion Thermometers) to screen depression and anxiety and the Beck depression inventory for adults (BDI-II), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I) was used as the criterial validity standard. RESULTS: The prevalence of anxiety on the M.I.N.I. was 24% and depression was 11%. The optimal value for diagnosis of depression from ET (Dep ET) appears to be > 4.5 (AUC 0.928) against M.I.N.I. Optimal score for anxiety from ET (AnxT ET) compared to GAD according to M.I.N.I. we determined the value of 3.5 (AUC 0.899). To determine the cut off score for distress using from ET (DT), we compared against GAD-7 and BDI-II RS (raw total score) and the most optimal was 4.5 (AUC 0.953). For analysis of the cut off score for quality of life (QoL) against the total sums of all parts of the ET, the value of 14.5 (AUC 0.892) forms the cut off between the negative and the positive clinical finding. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study support the use of ET as a rapid screening tool for the detection of depression, anxiety and distress in cancer patients.
- Keywords
- Anxiety screening, Cancer, Depression screening, Emotion thermometers, Oncology, Patients,
- MeSH
- Early Detection of Cancer MeSH
- Depression diagnosis epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Quality of Life * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neoplasms * complications MeSH
- Mass Screening MeSH
- Psychiatric Status Rating Scales MeSH
- Psychometrics MeSH
- Reproducibility of Results MeSH
- Thermometers MeSH
- Anxiety diagnosis epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders diagnosis epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
AIMS: The United Nations warned of COVID-19-related mental health crisis; however, it is unknown whether there is an increase in the prevalence of mental disorders as existing studies lack a reliable baseline analysis or they did not use a diagnostic measure. We aimed to analyse trends in the prevalence of mental disorders prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We analysed data from repeated cross-sectional surveys on a representative sample of non-institutionalised Czech adults (18+ years) from both November 2017 (n = 3306; 54% females) and May 2020 (n = 3021; 52% females). We used Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) as the main screening instrument. We calculated descriptive statistics and compared the prevalence of current mood and anxiety disorders, suicide risk and alcohol-related disorders at baseline and right after the first peak of COVID-19 when related lockdown was still in place in CZ. In addition, using logistic regression, we assessed the association between COVID-19-related worries and the presence of mental disorders. RESULTS: The prevalence of those experiencing symptoms of at least one current mental disorder rose from a baseline of 20.02 (95% CI = 18.64; 21.39) in 2017 to 29.63 (95% CI = 27.9; 31.37) in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. The prevalence of both major depressive disorder (3.96, 95% CI = 3.28; 4.62 v. 11.77, 95% CI = 10.56; 12.99); and suicide risk (3.88, 95% CI = 3.21; 4.52 v. 11.88, 95% CI = 10.64; 13.07) tripled and current anxiety disorders almost doubled (7.79, 95% CI = 6.87; 8.7 v. 12.84, 95% CI = 11.6; 14.05). The prevalence of alcohol use disorders in 2020 was approximately the same as in 2017 (10.84, 95% CI = 9.78; 11.89 v. 9.88, 95% CI = 8.74; 10.98); however, there was a significant increase in weekly binge drinking behaviours (4.07% v. 6.39%). Strong worries about both, health or economic consequences of COVID-19, were associated with an increased odds of having a mental disorder (1.63, 95% CI = 1.4; 1.89 and 1.42, 95% CI = 1.23; 1.63 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence matching concerns that COVID-19-related mental health problems pose a major threat to populations, particularly considering the barriers in service provision posed during lockdown. This finding emphasises an urgent need to scale up mental health promotion and prevention globally.
- Keywords
- Anxiety, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, depression, mental disorders, prevalence, suicide risk,
- MeSH
- Betacoronavirus MeSH
- COVID-19 MeSH
- Depressive Disorder, Major epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Mental Disorders epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Mental Health statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Coronavirus Infections epidemiology psychology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Pandemics MeSH
- Mood Disorders epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Alcohol-Related Disorders epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Prevalence MeSH
- Cross-Sectional Studies MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Psychiatric Status Rating Scales MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- Suicide statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders epidemiology etiology MeSH
- Pneumonia, Viral epidemiology psychology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic epidemiology MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The childhood adversities model is generally accepted as a predictor of adult psychopathology vulnerability. It stems from child development theories, but the question remains as of how well solid research supports it. The aim of this article is to give a review of the studies concerning childhood adversities and their impact on the development of anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder in adulthood. METHOD: A computerized search of the MEDLINE database of publications up to 31 March 2016 was done, using the keywords "childhood adversities, abuse, maltreatment, bullying" and "anxiety disorders, depressive disorder". No backward time constraints were used. Non-original studies, conference abstracts, books and book chapters, commentaries, and dissertations were excluded. RESULTS: The influence of childhood adversities on later age psychopathology is examined in five categories: the negative family atmosphere, abuse, loss of a close person, the social difficulties, and problems at school (including, most importantly bullying). The majority of studies confirmed the connection between childhood adversities and anxiety and depression disorders in adulthood. The character of the adversities is not, apparently, a specific predictor for a concrete psychopathology. Multiple adversities are more frequently connected with depressive and anxiety disorders in adulthood, cumulating together in broader adverse context. CONCLUSION: Childhood adversities were found to increase vulnerability to the distress, depression, fear and anxiety later in the life. However, specific correlations between a given childhood adversity and a specific form of depression or anxiety disorder were either not found or weak. This is in line with the generally accepted view considering each of these factors a non-specific stressor increasing vulnerability to mood and affect disorders later in life.
- MeSH
- Depression etiology MeSH
- Depressive Disorder etiology MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Substance-Related Disorders MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders etiology MeSH
- Health Surveys MeSH
- Life Change Events MeSH
- Child Abuse * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Latent infection with the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908) has been associated with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and self-harm behaviour. However, the potential relationship between T. gondii immunoglobulin G antibody (IgG) seropositivity and generalised-anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD) has not been investigated. The associations between serum reactivity to T. gondii and major depressive disorder (MDD), GAD and PD were evaluated in a total sample of 1 846 adult participants between the ages of 20 and 39 years from the United States Center for Disease Control's National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Approximately 16% of the overall sample was seropositive for T. gondii and 7% of the sample met criteria for MDD, 2% for GAD and 2% for PD. There were no significant associations between T. gondii IgG seroprevalence and MDD (OR = 0.484, 95% CI = 0.186-1.258), GAD (OR = 0.737, 95% CI = 0.218-2.490) or PD (OR = 0.683, 95% CI = 0.206-2.270) controlling for sex, ethnicity, poverty-to-income ratio and educational attainment. However, limited evidence suggested a possible association between absolute antibody titres for T. gondii and GAD and PD but not MDD. Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence was not associated with MDD, GAD or PD within the context of the limitations of this study, although there may be an association of T. gondii serointensity with and GAD and PD, which requires further study.
- MeSH
- Depressive Disorder, Major etiology parasitology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Immunoglobulin G blood MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Odds Ratio MeSH
- Panic Disorder etiology parasitology MeSH
- Antibodies, Protozoan blood MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Toxoplasma immunology MeSH
- Toxoplasmosis complications immunology pathology MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders etiology parasitology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Immunoglobulin G MeSH
- Antibodies, Protozoan MeSH
BACKGROUND: Two possible factors that may have a causal relation with both depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease are elevated homocysteine and steroid hormones. Our previous study found significant changes in the plasma homocysteine concentration during the menstrual cycle in healthy women. The purpose of this study therefore was to test homocysteine in depressive women treated with fluoxetine during the menstrual cycle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen premenopausal women suffering from mixed anxiety-depressive disorder and a control group of 15 healthy women were enrolled in this study. The homocysteine concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, and estradiol, progesterone and cortisol by RIA methods. RESULTS: We found significantly higher plasma homocysteine concentrations in the follicular phase than in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in both the depressive group (P < 0.003) and the controls (P < 0.0009). Moreover, the patient values of total homocysteine were significantly higher in the follicular phase (P < 0.03) and also in the luteal phase (P < 0.007) than the values of the controls. Estradiol and cortisol were significantly higher in the follicular phase of the patients compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: According to our results, women suffering from mixed anxiety-depressive disorder have not only significantly different concentrations of homocysteine in the follicular and luteal phase of the menstrual cycle but also higher plasma homocysteine compared with healthy women. More elevated homocysteine in the depressive than in the healthy premenopausal women points to the notion that psychological factors might be important when considering the homocysteine concentration.
- MeSH
- Depressive Disorder blood etiology MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Estradiol blood MeSH
- Homocystine blood MeSH
- Hydrocortisone blood MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Menstrual Cycle blood MeSH
- Progesterone blood MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders blood etiology MeSH
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Estradiol MeSH
- Homocystine MeSH
- Hydrocortisone MeSH
- Progesterone MeSH
- MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neurotic Disorders classification etiology MeSH
- Anxiety complications MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders etiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- English Abstract MeSH
- Journal Article MeSH
- MeSH
- Frustration MeSH
- Myocardial Infarction complications MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders etiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- English Abstract MeSH
- Journal Article MeSH
- MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Anorexia Nervosa etiology MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Obesity * MeSH
- Psychosexual Development * MeSH
- Puberty MeSH
- Anxiety Disorders etiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
