The Gulf of Follonica (Italy) is impacted by the chemical pollution from ancient mining activity and present industrial processes. This study was aimed to determine the bioavailability of dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) in coastal marine environment and to assess the genotoxic potential of waste waters entering the sea from an industrial canal. Moderately high levels of DCLs compounds (∑ PCDDs + PCDFs 2.18–29.00 pg/g dry wt) were detected in Mytilus galloprovincialis transplanted near the waste waters canal and their corresponding Toxic Equivalents (TEQs) calculated. In situ exposed mussels did not show any genotoxic effect (by Comet and Micronucleus assay). Otherwise, laboratory exposure to canal waters exhibited a reduced genomic template stability (by RAPD-PCR assay) but not DNA or chromosomal damage. Our data reveal the need to focus on the levels and distribution of DLCs in edible species from the study area considering their potential transfer to humans through the consumption of sea food.

• Klíčová slova
• Cytome-Micronucleus assay, DNA damage, PCBs, PCDDs/DFs, RAPD-PCR, TEQs,
• MeSH
• biologická dostupnost MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• dioxiny analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• mutageny analýza   chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• Mytilus účinky léků   genetika   MeSH
• technika náhodné amplifikace polymorfní DNA MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Itálie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• dioxiny MeSH
• mutageny MeSH

Despite the growing concern over the potential biological impact of nanoparticles (NPs) in the aquatic environment, little is known about their interactions with other pollutants. The bivalve Mytilus sp, largely utilized as a sentinel for marine contamination, has been shown to represent a significant target for different types of NP, including n-TiO2, one of the most widespread in use. In this work, the possible interactive effects of n-TiO2 and 2,3,7,8-TCDD, chosen as models of NP and organic contaminant, respectively, were investigated in Mytilus galloprovincialis. In vitro experiments with n-TiO2 and TCDD, alone and in combination, were carried out in different conditions (concentrations and times of exposure), depending on the target (hemocytes, gill cells and biopsies) and the endpoint measured. Mussels were also exposed in vivo to n-TiO2 (100 μg L(-1)) or to TCDD (0.25 μg L(-1)), alone and in combination, for 96 h. A wide range of biomarkers, from molecular to tissue level, were measured: lysosomal membrane stability and phagocytosis in hemocytes, ATP-binding cassette efflux transporters in gills (gene transcription and efflux activity), several biomarkers of genotoxicity in gill and digestive cells (DNA damage, random amplified polymorphic DNA-RAPD changes), lysosomal biomarkers and transcription of selected genes in the digestive gland. The results demonstrate that n-TiO2 and TCDD can exert synergistic or antagonistic effects, depending on experimental condition, cell/tissue and type of measured response. Some of these interactions may result from a significant increase in TCDD accumulation in whole mussel organisms in the presence of n-TiO2, indicating a Trojan horse effect. The results represent the most extensive data obtained so far on the sub-lethal effects of NPs and organic contaminants in aquatic organisms. Moreover, these data extend the knowledge on the molecular and cellular targets of NPs in bivalves.

• Klíčová slova
• Biomarker, Dioxin, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Nanoparticles, Titanium dioxide,
• MeSH
• biologické markery analýza   MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu metabolismus   toxicita   MeSH
• fagocytóza účinky léků   MeSH
• hemocyty účinky léků   MeSH
• lékové interakce MeSH
• lyzozomy účinky léků   MeSH
• Mytilus účinky léků   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nanočástice toxicita   MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny metabolismus   toxicita   MeSH
• poškození DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• technika náhodné amplifikace polymorfní DNA MeSH
• titan toxicita   MeSH
• žábry účinky léků   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu MeSH
• polychlorované dibenzodioxiny MeSH
• titan MeSH
• titanium dioxide MeSH Prohlížeč