Surgical approaches in bone surgery have undergone a long evolution over more than 130 years. While a number of publications have been devoted to the history of internal fixation, surgical approaches have remained neglected from this perspective. The development of approaches in musculoskeletal surgery is inextricably linked to four personalities. Theodor Kocher, in 1892, pointed out that descriptions of surgical approaches must be an essential part of surgical textbooks of operative techniques; James Edwin Thompson, in 1918, formulated the basic requirements for the surgical approaches to the skeleton of limbs; Arnold Kirkpatrick Henry published the first textbook of surgical approaches in 1927 and presented the concept of internervous planes in 1945; in the same year, Toufick Nicola created the first comprehensive atlas of surgical approaches to bones and joints of limbs, the pelvis and spine.

• Klíčová slova
• History of internal fixation, History of orthopaedics, Surgical approaches,
• MeSH
• dějiny 19. století MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ortopedické výkony * dějiny   metody   MeSH
• ortopedie * dějiny   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 19. století MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Cognitive disorders are common in geriatric surgical patients We conducted a study to evaluate depression and cognitive behavior in geriatric patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a university hospital in Turkey, involving 262 elderly patients who underwent orthopedic surgeries. Data were collected using The Patient Information Form, Standardized Mini-Mental Test, and Geriatric Depression Scale. RESULTS: The mean score of the Standardized Mini-Mental Test scale of the patients after surgery was 17.97±4.99, mean score of the Geriatric Depression Scale was 6.20±2.78. The study revealed that 85.1% (n=223) of the participants had cognitive impairment and 69.1% (n=181) depressive symptoms. Additionally, cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms increased as age, pain scores, and length of hospital stay increased. Our research also showed that individuals with a history of falls, visual/hearing impairment, malnutrition, use of assistive devices, dependence on others for daily activities, non-educated or single, individuals are more likely to experience geriatric depression and have a higher of cognitive impairment. Additionally, patients who have had hip arthroplasty, have low hemoglobin levels, or have high ASA scores are more prone to cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment was more common in patients with higher depression scores. CONCLUSIONS: Considering these findings, it is crucial to identify the cognitive disorders and depressive symptoms during their initial hospitalization to prevent or treat them in geriatric patients. Regular monitoring of geriatric patients in orthopedic clinics for symptoms of cognitive status and depression is recommended, and caregivers should be made aware of this issue. KEY WORDS: geriatric patients, orthopedic procedures, cognitive status, depression.

• MeSH
• délka pobytu MeSH
• deprese * diagnóza   etiologie   psychologie   MeSH
• geriatrické hodnocení metody   MeSH
• kognitivní dysfunkce * etiologie   diagnóza   psychologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ortopedické výkony * škodlivé účinky   psychologie   metody   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Turecko epidemiologie   MeSH

BACKGROUND: The recent development of three-dimensional (3D) technologies introduces a novel set of opportunities to the medical field in general, and specifically to surgery. The preoperative phase has proven to be a critical factor in surgical success. Utilization of 3D technologies has the potential to improve preoperative planning and overall surgical outcomes. In this narrative review article, the authors describe existing clinical data pertaining to the current use of 3D printing, virtual reality, and augmented reality in the preoperative phase of bone surgery. METHODS: The methodology included keyword-based literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar for original articles published between 2014 and 2022. After excluding studies performed in nonbone surgery disciplines, data from 61 studies of five different surgical disciplines were processed to be included in this narrative review. RESULTS: Among the mentioned technologies, 3D printing is currently the most advanced in terms of clinical use, predominantly creating anatomical models and patient-specific instruments that provide high-quality operative preparation. Virtual reality allows to set a surgical plan and to further simulate the procedure via a 2D screen or head mounted display. Augmented reality is found to be useful for surgical simulation upon 3D printed anatomical models or virtual phantoms. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 3D technologies are gradually becoming an integral part of a surgeon's preoperative toolbox, allowing for increased surgical accuracy and reduction of operation time, mainly in complex and unique surgical cases. This may eventually lead to improved surgical outcomes, thereby optimizing the personalized surgical approach.

• MeSH
• 3D tisk MeSH
• anatomické modely MeSH
• chirurgie s pomocí počítače * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ortopedické výkony * metody   MeSH
• virtuální realita * MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

PURPOSE: The structure of the proximal margin of the superficial layer of the supinator muscle is of high interest to many researches. Its tendinous appearance, called the arcade of Frohse, may be clinically important because of its close relationship to the deep branch of the radial nerve passing beneath it and is considered to be the cause of several syndromes. Given the importance of this structure, we aimed to provide a comprehensive and evidence-based review with meta-analytic techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The meta-analysis was performed in adherence to the PRISMA guidelines. Three medical databases were searched in order to identify all potentially eligible articles. Included studies were assessed for quality and the extracted morphological and morphometric data from the relevant articles was analyzed with the use of random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 20 studies were included into this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of the arcade of Frohse was calculated to be 66% within the adult population and 0% in the fetuses. Other variations regarding the arcade of Frohse were identified as very rare. Analysis of the morphometric parameters revealed the average proportions to be 23.22 mm for the length, 11.05 mm for the width and the mean thickness is 0.67 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The arcade of Frohse is a commonly found structure in adults and thoughtful knowledge of its texture and morphology is especially useful in neurology, neurosurgery, orthopedics, trauma surgery and hand surgery, because it is considered to be the most common source of compression for the deep branch of the radial nerve.

• Klíčová slova
• Arcade of Frohse, Deep branch of radial nerve, Epicondylalgia, Posterior interosseous nerve, Supinator arch, Supinator muscle,
• MeSH
• kosterní svaly anatomie a histologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nervus radialis zranění   MeSH
• neuropatie nervus radialis etiologie   MeSH
• ortopedické výkony metody   MeSH
• předloktí anatomie a histologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• šlachy anatomie a histologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• úžinové syndromy etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

BACKGROUND: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a risk in every operation. Infections negatively impact patient morbidity and mortality and increase financial demands. The aim of this study was to analyse SSI and its risk factors in patients after thoracic or lumbar spine surgery. METHODS: A six-year single-centre prospective observational cohort study monitored the incidence of SSI in 274 patients who received planned thoracic or lumbar spinal surgery for degenerative disease, trauma, or tumour. They were monitored for up to 30 days postoperatively and again after 1 year. All patients received short antibiotic prophylaxis and stayed in the eight-bed neurointensive care unit (NICU) during the immediate postoperative period. Risk factors for SSI were sought using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: We recorded 22 incidences of SSI (8.03%; superficial 5.84%, deep 1.82%, and organ 0.36%). Comparing patients with and without SSI, there were no differences in age (p=0.374), gender (p=0.545), body mass index (p=0.878), spine diagnosis (p=0.745), number of vertebrae (p=0.786), spine localization (p=0.808), implant use (p=0.428), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Score (p=0.752), urine catheterization (p=0.423), drainage (p=0.498), corticosteroid use (p=0.409), transfusion (p=0.262), ulcer prophylaxis (p=0.409) and diabetes mellitus (p=0.811). The SSI group had longer NICU stays (p=0.043) and more non-infectious hospital wound complications (p<0.001). SSI risk factors according to our multivariate logistic regression analysis were hospital wound complications (OR 20.40, 95% CI 7.32-56.85, p<0.001) and warm season (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.03-8.27, p=0.044). CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to the prevailing literature, our study did not identify corticosteroids, diabetes mellitus, or transfusions as risk factors for the development of SSI. Only wound complications and warm seasons were significantly associated with SSI development according to our multivariate regression analysis.

• Klíčová slova
• Antibiotic prophylaxis, Preventive infection protocol, Spine surgery, Surgical site infection, Wound complications,
• MeSH
• bederní obratle chirurgie   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• délka pobytu MeSH
• hrudní obratle chirurgie   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• infekce chirurgické rány epidemiologie   etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• kontrola infekce MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• logistické modely MeSH
• multivariační analýza MeSH
• ortopedické výkony škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace epidemiologie   etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• roční období * MeSH
• vysoká teplota MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the functional outcomes and complications of a new approach, the primary UCL repair using JuggerKnot™ Soft Anchor-1.0 mm Mini (Zimmer-Biomet). MATERIAL AND METHODS This study included a total of 12 patients with acute UCL injury who were operated with primary repair with JuggerKnot™ Soft Anchor-1.0 mm Mini between January 2012 and September 2016. All patients were operated on using the same surgical technique. The thumb pinch and grip strengths, articular range of motion, and Glickel functional score were recorded for all patients. The pinch grip strength and articular range of motion were compared with the intact side. Early and late postoperative complications were recorded. RESULTS The mean follow-up time was 22.2 months (range 6-54 months). The grip strength and the pinch strength were 94.3% and 92.27%, respectively, of the contralateral side. Articular range of motion attained the same level as the contralatereal side in all patients at the final visit, and no patient suffered from any complication. The patients returned to work at a mean of 5.45 weeks, and the Glickel score was good in 1 patient and excellent in the remainder 11 patients. CONCLUSIONS Surgical repair using the JuggerKnot™ Soft Anchor-1.0 mm is an effective alternative treatment method for acute total ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) rupture. Key words:ulnar collateral ligament, acute total injury, thumb, soft suture anchor, JuggerKnot™.

• MeSH
• kotvící implantáty MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• obnova funkce MeSH
• ortopedické výkony škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• palec ruky zranění   MeSH
• rozsah kloubních pohybů MeSH
• ruptura MeSH
• síla ruky MeSH
• síla špetkového úchopu MeSH
• vnitřní postranní vaz zranění   chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• adjuvantní radioterapie metody   normy   MeSH
• biopsie MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dlouhodobá péče metody   normy   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• kosti a kostní tkáň diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• lékařská onkologie metody   normy   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• nádory kostí diagnóza   epidemiologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• následná péče metody   normy   MeSH
• neoadjuvantní terapie metody   normy   MeSH
• období po vyléčení MeSH
• ortopedické výkony metody   normy   MeSH
• osteosarkom diagnóza   epidemiologie   patologie   terapie   MeSH
• PET/CT MeSH
• protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie normy   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• radioisotopová scintigrafie MeSH
• společnosti lékařské normy   MeSH
• staging nádorů MeSH
• svépomocné skupiny normy   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zapojení pacienta * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) has been known to affect biological systems for >100 years. In this review, we describe the technology of HHP and its effect macromolecules and physiology of eukaryotic cells. We discuss the use of HHP in cancer immunotherapy to kill tumor cells for generation of whole cell and dendritic cell-based vaccines. We further summarize the current use and perspectives of HHP application in biomedicine, specifically in orthopedic surgery and for the viral, microbial and protozoan inactivation to develop vaccines against infectious diseases.

• Klíčová slova
• Cancer, Dendritic cell, High hydrostatic pressure, Immunotherapy, Orthopedic surgery, Vaccine, Virus inactivation,
• MeSH
• biotechnologie přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• dendritické buňky imunologie   MeSH
• eukaryotické buňky MeSH
• hydrostatický tlak * MeSH
• imunoterapie metody   MeSH
• inaktivace viru MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory patologie   terapie   MeSH
• ortopedické výkony metody   MeSH
• vakcíny imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• vakcíny MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of the prospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Achilles insertion tendinopathy treatment, focusing on the evaluation of results in patients treated for retrocalcaneal pain, and to review the outcomes following the surgical treatment by means of Achilles tendon reinforcement with the bone-tendon autograft (BT). MATERIAL AND METHODS The group comprised 18 patients, 10 men and 8 women, who were surgically treated with in line with the described surgical protocol. The group was treated at the author s department in the period 2013-2016. The patients were evaluated using the FAOS, VAS, and Kitaoka scores. The diagnosis of the Achilles insertion tendinopathy was confirmed by the MRI examination (changes at the Achilles tendon attachment to the calcaneus). The patients underwent surgery if the pain persisted after the conservative therapy lasting more than half a year. The mean follow-up was 12 months after the surgery. RESULTS The mean FAOS score improved from 4 preoperatively to 1 at the 12-month postoperative follow-up. The mean VAS and Kitaoka score improved from high level of pain preoperatively to low pain level. DISCUSSION Our study evaluated the results of surgical treatment of the diagnosis that may be difficult to treat effectively solely by non-surgical procedures. There are not many studies published in the literature regarding this issue. CONCLUSIONS The method of surgical treatment of the Achilles insertional tendinopathy using the augmentation with the BT graft was found to be an effective procedure with a low risk of complications and reliable results. Key words:Achilles tendon; insertional tendinopathy.

• MeSH
• Achillova šlacha * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• čtyřhlavý sval stehenní transplantace   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• ortopedické výkony metody   MeSH
• tendinopatie * diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• transplantace kostí metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study aims to evaluate the results of patients treated by proximal row carpectomy at a follow-up of at least 5 years after the surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 25 patients were treated by proximal row carpectomy for degenerative changes of the wrist as a consequence of the previous trauma or avascular necrosis of the lunate bone, of whom 21 patients underwent a follow-up examination at least 5 years postoperatively. Proximal row carpectomy was indicated in 15 patients for SLAC wrist, in 4 patients for avascular necrosis of the lunate bone, in 1 patient for SNAC wrist, and in 1 patient for inveterate dislocation of the wrist. The follow-up clinical and radiological examinations were performed at least 5 years after the surgery. The range of wrist motion, grip strength, presence of pain at rest or pain under loads, total clinical score according to the Green and O'Brien scoring system, patient satisfaction with the outcome of surgery were assessed. By fluoroscopy the range of wrist motion, degenerative changes of the radiocapitate joint, and translation of the capitate bone with respect to the distal radius were evaluated. RESULTS Postoperative improvements in the range of motion and grip strength were confirmed. Also, the pain relief at rest and under loads was achieved. Five years after the surgery, most of the patients (85.6%) reported an overall improvement. The total clinical score according to the Green and O'Brien scoring system improved from 35.8 preoperatively to 63.1 postoperatively. DISCUSSION The advantage of this procedure is a low percentage of complications, relative technical simplicity, maintenance of functional motion of the wrist, satisfactory grip strength, and pain relief. There are no complications related to the implant, no risk of a non-union. CONCLUSIONS As shown by our results obtained 5 years after the surgery as well as the published data, in the indicated cases the proximal row carpectomy is an appropriate surgical technique to treat the degenerative changes of the wrist. In most of the patients, favourable functional results and pain relief can be expected. Key words:proximal row carpectomy, SLAC wrist, SNAC wrist, avascular necrosis of the lunate bone, dislocation of the wrist.

• MeSH
• artralgie prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• dislokace kloubu chirurgie   MeSH
• kosti zápěstní diagnostické zobrazování   zranění   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nekróza MeSH
• ortopedické výkony škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• poloměsíčitá kost patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• pooperační komplikace MeSH
• radiografie MeSH
• rozsah kloubních pohybů MeSH
• síla ruky MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH