Several health benefits, including protection from tumors at various anatomic sites, such as the lungs, stomach, and prostate gland, have been attributed to tomatoes and tomato-based products. Among tomato carotenoids, lycopene is the most active antioxidant, although it has many other biological effects, but data on its antimutagenic effects are scarce and often discrepant. The aim of our work was to determine the protective effects of lycopene, with regard to mutagenicity, via two indirect mutagens/carcinogens-2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) and aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) and the direct mutagen/carcinogen N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU)--using the Ames and micronucleus tests. The significant, dose-dependent, antimutagenic effects of two concentrations of lycopene (30 μg and 300 μg per plate) were demonstrated at various concentrations of both AFB₁ and IQ in two strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA98 and TA100). The protective effects of lycopene relative to MNU were lower in comparison to its protective effects relative to AFB₁ and IQ. Mice treated for 3 days with different doses of lycopene (either 25 or 50 mg/kg of body weight) prior to administration of individual mutagens resulted in a significant reduction of micronuclei numbers in the micronucleus test. Tomato purée (tested using the Ames test and AFB(1)) revealed a much stronger, dose-dependent, antimutagenic effect compared with corresponding doses of pure lycopene. Results indicate that lycopene has antimutagenic effects, although the effects are lower than that of tomato purée, which contains a complex mixture of bioactive phytochemicals. The antimutagenic effect is connected with the chemoprotective role of lycopene, tomatoes, and tomato products in the prevention of carcinogenesis.
- MeSH
- aflatoxin B1 antagonisté a inhibitory metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- antimutagenní látky analýza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- buňky kostní dřeně účinky léků MeSH
- chinoliny antagonisté a inhibitory metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- játra metabolismus MeSH
- karcinogeny antagonisté a inhibitory metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- karotenoidy analýza farmakologie MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- lykopen MeSH
- methylnitrosomočovina toxicita MeSH
- mikrojaderné testy MeSH
- mutageny metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nádory prevence a kontrola MeSH
- ovoce * chemie MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- Salmonella typhimurium účinky léků genetika MeSH
- Solanum lycopersicum * chemie MeSH
- testy genotoxicity MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline MeSH Prohlížeč
- aflatoxin B1 MeSH
- antimutagenní látky MeSH
- chinoliny MeSH
- karcinogeny MeSH
- karotenoidy MeSH
- lykopen MeSH
- methylnitrosomočovina MeSH
- mutageny MeSH
