Chronic wounds and their associated bacterial infections are major issues in modern health care systems. Therefore, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), treatment costs, and number of disability-adjusted life-years have gained more interest. Recently, photodynamic therapy emerged as an effective approach against resistant and naïve bacterial strains with a low probability of creating AMR. In this study, needleless electrospinning was used to produce an indocyanine green (ICG) loaded poly(d,l-lactide) nanofibrous mesh as a photoresponsive wound dressing. The non-woven mesh had a homogeneous nanofibrous structure and showed long-term hydrolytic stability at different pH values. The antimicrobial activity was tested against several bacterial strains, namely Staphylococcus saprophyticus subsp. bovis, Escherichia coli DH5 alpha, and Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus. Upon irradiation with a laser of a specific wavelength (λ = 810 nm), the bacterial viability was significantly reduced by 99.978% (3.66 log10), 99.699% (2.52 log10), and 99.977% (3.64 log10), respectively. The nanofibrous mesh showed good biocompatibility, which was confirmed by the proliferation of mouse fibroblasts (L929) on the surface and into deeper parts of the mesh. Furthermore, a favorable proangiogenic effect was observed in ovo using the chorioallantoic membrane assay. In general, it can be concluded that ICG loaded nanofibers as an innovative wound dressing represent a promising strategy against chronic wounds associated with skin infections.
- Klíčová slova
- Antimicrobial, Electrospinning, Indocyanine green, Nanofibers, Photodynamic therapy, Wound dressing,
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály chemie farmakologie MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- chorioalantoická membrána krevní zásobení účinky léků MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- fibroblasty cytologie účinky léků MeSH
- fotochemoterapie MeSH
- indokyanová zeleň chemie farmakologie MeSH
- mikrobiální viabilita účinky léků MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nanovlákna MeSH
- obvazy MeSH
- polyestery chemie MeSH
- proliferace buněk účinky léků MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- Staphylococcus saprophyticus účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
- indokyanová zeleň MeSH
- poly(lactide) MeSH Prohlížeč
- polyestery MeSH
The aim of the study was toxicological testing of an innovative and efficient antimicrobial agent based on photoactive phthalocyanine (Pc) derivative. A promising Aluminium phthalocyanine (AlPc) with efficient and stable antimicrobial effects was subjected to a battery of toxicological tests to avoid local and systemic toxicity hazard. In compliance with the current European legislation restricting the use of experimental animals, the methods comprised exclusively in vitro procedures based on cellular and tissue models of human origin or mimicking human tissues. The battery of toxicological tests to identify local toxicity included skin corrosion/irritation, eye irritation, and phototoxicity. The basic systemic toxicity tests included acute toxicity, skin sensitization, genotoxicity, and endocrine disruption. The results showed that AlPc induced skin and eye irritation, exhibited borderline sensitization potential and mutagenic potential in one test strain of the Ames test, which was not confirmed in the chromosome aberration test. The AlPc was found to be phototoxic. The results from the cytotoxicity test designed for acute oral toxicity estimation were not conclusive, the acute toxicity potential has to be determined by conventional tests in vivo. Regarding endocrine disruption, no agonistic activity of the AlPc on human estrogen receptor α, nor human androgen receptor was observed. The skin penetration/absorption test revealed that the AlPc has not penetrated into the dermis and receptor fluid, confirming no risk of systemic exposure via the bloodstream.
- Klíčová slova
- Aluminium phthalocyanine, Local toxicity, Phototoxicity, Skin penetration, Systemic toxicity,
- MeSH
- alfa receptor estrogenů metabolismus MeSH
- androgenní receptory metabolismus MeSH
- antiinfekční látky farmakokinetika toxicita MeSH
- chorioalantoická membrána krevní zásobení účinky léků MeSH
- dráždivé látky farmakokinetika toxicita MeSH
- fotochemické procesy MeSH
- indoly farmakokinetika toxicita MeSH
- isoindoly MeSH
- kožní absorpce MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- kůže účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfocyty účinky léků MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- oči účinky léků MeSH
- poškození DNA MeSH
- prasata MeSH
- testy toxicity MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- alfa receptor estrogenů MeSH
- androgenní receptory MeSH
- antiinfekční látky MeSH
- dráždivé látky MeSH
- indoly MeSH
- isoindoly MeSH
- phthalocyanine MeSH Prohlížeč
BACKGROUND/AIM: Although it has been accepted that the tandem repeat galectin-8 (Gal-8) is linked to angiogenesis, the underlying mechanisms in endothelial cells has remained poorly understood. In this study we aimed to investigate the effect of Gal-8 on selected biological processes linked to angiogenesis in in vitro and in vivo models. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In detail, we assessed how exogenously added human recombinant Gal-8 (with or without vascular endothelial growth factor - VEGF) affects selected steps involved in vessel formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as well as using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Gene expression profiling of HUVECs was performed to extend the scope of our investigation. RESULTS: Our findings demonstrate that Gal-8 in combination with VEGF enhanced cell proliferation and migration, two cellular events linked to angiogenesis. However, Gal-8 alone did not exhibit any significant effects on cell proliferation or on cell migration. The molecular analysis revealed that Gal-8 in the presence of VEGF influenced cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, HIF-1 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Gal-8 alone also targeted cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, but with a different expression profile as well as a modulated focal adhesion and TNF signaling. CONCLUSION: Gal-8 promotes a pro-angiogenic phenotype possibly in a synergistic manner with VEGF.
- Klíčová slova
- Tumor growth, glycobiology, sugar code, vessel sprouting, wound healing,
- MeSH
- chorioalantoická membrána krevní zásobení účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- endoteliální buňky pupečníkové žíly (lidské) cytologie účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- fyziologická neovaskularizace účinky léků MeSH
- galektiny metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pohyb buněk účinky léků MeSH
- stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- galektiny MeSH
- LGALS8 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A MeSH
Using scaffolds with appropriate porosity represents a potential approach for repair of critical-size bone defects. Vascularization is essential for bone formation and healing. This study investigates methods for monitoring angiogenesis within porous biopolymer scaffolds on the basis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)/chitosan. We use the chick and quail chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay as an in vivo model focused on the formation of new blood vessels inside the implant structure. Chemical properties of the surface in biopolymer scaffold matrix were characterized as well as the tissue reaction of the CAM. Implantation of a piece of polymer scaffold results in vascular reaction, documented visually and by ultrasound biomicroscopy. Histological analysis shows myofibroblast reaction (smooth muscle actin-positive cells) without excessive collagen deposition. Cell invasion is observed inside the implant, and QH1 marker, detecting hemangioblasts and endothelial cells of quail origin, confirms the presence of vascular network. The CAM assay is a rapid and easy way to test biocompatibility and vasculogenic potential of new candidate scaffolds for bone tissue bioengineering with respect to the 3R´ s.
- Klíčová slova
- histocompatibility, chick embryo, quail, ex ovo culture, immunohistochemistry,
- MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
- chorioalantoická membrána krevní zásobení fyziologie MeSH
- fyziologická neovaskularizace fyziologie MeSH
- kosti a kostní tkáň * MeSH
- křepelky a křepelovití MeSH
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- regenerace kostí fyziologie MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství * MeSH
- tkáňové podpůrné struktury * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- kuřecí embryo MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
