Response of pigs to irradiation manifested by production of protein carbonyls and adaptable enzymes was studied in two experiments. In one experiment, 10 mixed-sex pigs were exposed to 0.5 Gy whole body (60)Co irradiation. In the other experiment, another batch of 10 pigs was exposed to 1.0 Gy half-body irradiation. Unlike those exposed to half-body irradiation, the pigs exposed to whole-body irradiation showed significant increase in protein carbonyls by 73%, and a decrease in cholesterol by 25.7%, compared to the control group. In both cases of dose-dependent irradiation exposure, pigs showed a decrease in alanine aminotransferase activity compared with the control group. At the dose of 1 Gy, ALT activity decreased significantly by 27.7%. Aspartate aminotransferase activity in pigs after half-body irradiation decreased significantly by 65.5%. Although low doses of ionizing radiation were applied, monitoring of the above biochemical parameters helped define the pigs' biological response.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• karbonylace proteinů účinky záření   MeSH
• prasata krev   MeSH
• vztah dávky záření a odpovědi MeSH
• záření gama škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH

The aim of the present study was to determine postnatal ontogeny of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-8 and TNF-alpha production by in vitro stimulated porcine blood leukocytes. Four age categories of pigs were chosen. Cytokine production was determined using intracellular flow cytometry. It was found that IL-8 and TNF-alpha production by blood monocytes significantly increased during the postnatal period while production of IL-1beta remained unchanged. In blood neutrophils, the IL-8 production increased only during the postnatal period, while the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta were undetectable during the whole postnatal period. Generally, the most intensive changes in cytokine production occurred before weaning. The production of low levels of cytokines by monocytes and neutrophils from young pigs was not caused by a delayed cytokine response because the cytokine production after 8-h stimulation was lower than that after 4-h stimulation in all age categories. The ontogenetical changes showed the same trends when two different stimulators (LPS, heat-inactivated E. coli) were used, suggesting that the ontogenetical changes are not caused by a simple defect in one signalling pathway, but it is probably a more complex process. No differences in cytokine production between the whole blood and the isolated cells supplemented with newborn or adult serum were found. Thus the ability of newborn monocytes and neutrophils to produce proinflammatory cytokines was not decreased due to the influence of composition of the microenvironment, where the cells were present. In conclusion, the ability of porcine blood leukocytes to produce cytokines develops during postnatal life.

• MeSH
• cytokiny biosyntéza   krev   MeSH
• fagocyty imunologie   MeSH
• interleukin-1beta biosyntéza   krev   MeSH
• interleukin-8 biosyntéza   krev   MeSH
• kojená zvířata MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• prasata krev   imunologie   MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie veterinární   MeSH
• TNF-alfa biosyntéza   krev   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokiny MeSH
• interleukin-1beta MeSH
• interleukin-8 MeSH
• TNF-alfa MeSH

This paper describes a sensitive isocratic HPLC/ECD method developed for the determination of rosmarinic acid (RA) in plant material, animal feed, and pig plasma. The plasma sample preparation only includes protein precipitation and adjustment of the pH. The applicability of the method was tested on plasma samples of pigs that were exposed to a 91-day oral intake of RA via feed enriched by aerial parts of Prunella vulgaris. The plasma was directly analyzed using the method described as well as after enzymatic hydrolysis. When no hydrolysis step was included, RA and caffeic acid (CA) were quantified in the plasma. In hydrolyzed plasma samples, several other metabolites were determined, including dihydrocaffeic, ferulic, and dihydroferulic acid. The dual-channel coulometric detection employed, as an alternative to mass spectrometry, offers good selectivity and sensitivity owing to the electrochemical properties of the phenolic constituents.

• MeSH
• cinnamáty analýza   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• depsidy analýza   krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• fortifikované potraviny analýza   MeSH
• krmivo pro zvířata analýza   MeSH
• kyselina rozmarýnová MeSH
• prasata krev   MeSH
• Prunella chemie   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cinnamáty MeSH
• depsidy MeSH

This study explores the biological validation of markers of acute stress in pigs subjected to transportation for slaughter. The stress markers selected for monitoring were neopterin and cortisol. Their levels in pig serum were measured for two porcine stress syndrome genotypes, NN and Nn, after a 30-min transport to a slaughterhouse. Blood samples were withdrawn before transport (control group) and immediately after the animals' arrival (experimental group). The values of neopterin and cortisol measured before the transport were 5.60+/-1.65 nmol/l and 273.54+/-66.17 nmol/l respectively. After the transfer, the concentration of cortisol rose significantly compared to the control (355.69+/-85.13 nmol/l, p<0.01). Neopterin concentrations in the serum (8.25+/-1.60 nmol/l) were also significantly higher (p<0.01) after transportation. The elevated concentrations of both analytes were found to be independent of the genotype. These results document the stimulation of the endocrine system and the immune system that develops in animals undergoing transportation for slaughter.

• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• doprava MeSH
• fyziologický stres krev   veterinární   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• hydrokortison krev   MeSH
• neopterin krev   MeSH
• prasata krev   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• hydrokortison MeSH
• neopterin MeSH

Developmental changes of functional ability of peripheral blood phagocytes from days 1 to 100 of life were investigated. Luminol enhanced chemiluminiscence was used to establish the ability of phagocytes to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Simple superoxide anion production was determined by spectrophotometrical measurement of cytochrome c. Activity of surface aminopeptidase N was assessed by spectrophotometrical measurement of l-alanine-p-nitroanilide. Flow cytometric measurements of CD18 and CD45 expression were performed. The ROS production per 0.5microl of blood did not show any trend; however, the values recalculated per 500 granulocytes had a decreasing course. The most noteworthy increase in production of superoxide anion occurred between days 17 and 26. Activity of aminopeptidase N decreased during the first 4 weeks. Expression of CD18 and CD45 intensively increased from days 1 to 14 with gradual decrease by day 100. Natural immunity develops during the early postnatal life and seems to be influenced by exposure of the organism to environmental antigens.

• MeSH
• antigeny CD13 krev   imunologie   MeSH
• antigeny CD18 imunologie   MeSH
• antigeny CD45 imunologie   MeSH
• fagocyty imunologie   MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• luminiscenční měření veterinární   MeSH
• novorozená zvířata MeSH
• počet leukocytů veterinární   MeSH
• prasata krev   imunologie   MeSH
• přirozená imunita imunologie   MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie veterinární   MeSH
• spektrofotometrie ultrafialová veterinární   MeSH
• superoxidy krev   imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny CD13 MeSH
• antigeny CD18 MeSH
• antigeny CD45 MeSH
• superoxidy MeSH

It has been established that sows up- or down-regulate their milk production as the frequency of nursings is changed. The amount of udder massage by piglets might also influence milk production. To investigate whether these effects are associated with changes in prolactin or insulin levels, we enforced five sows each to nurse either every 35 min (MIN35) or every 70 min (MIN70) over a 26- to 28-hr period. Milk production was measured during the first 24 hr of this period. During the last three to four nursings, blood was collected every 5 min. Plasma prolactin levels increased after milk ejection (P < 0.05), whereas insulin levels increased only briefly in MIN70 sows. Sows nursing every 35 min had lower basal (P < 0.001) and maximal (P < 0.05) concentrations of insulin than MIN70 sows. There were no differences between the two groups in prolactin levels. Nursings with a postejection udder massage longer than 90 s tended to induce a higher increase in prolactin (P < 0.1) than nursings with a shorter massage. When the effects of imposed nursing frequency were removed, there was an across-sows positive residual correlation between average prolactin levels (P < 0.05) and the duration of post-ejection udder massage during the preceding 24 hr. We conclude that when milk production of a sow is changed by altering the nursing frequency within natural limits, the necessary alteration in catabolic state of energy metabolism may be associated with altered insulin levels. The duration of udder massage in a single nursing might have only a slight immediate impact on prolactin levels, but may influence prolactin levels more substantially if increased for a period of 24 hr.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• hmotnostní přírůstek MeSH
• inzulin krev   MeSH
• kojená zvířata MeSH
• laktace * MeSH
• mateřské chování MeSH
• prasata krev   MeSH
• prolaktin krev   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• inzulin MeSH
• prolaktin MeSH

Serum samples of Meishan (13 animals) and Meishan x Wild Boar crosses (361 animals) were analysed by means of two-dimensional electrophoresis. Some new variants in protease inhibitor systems PO1A, PO1B and PI2 are reported.

• MeSH
• genetická variace * MeSH
• inhibitory proteas krev   MeSH
• křížení genetické MeSH
• prasata krev   genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• inhibitory proteas MeSH

In the article we describe lactate dehydrogenase-(LD) (EC 1.1.1.27) isoenzyme pattern detected in the sera of pigs at slaughter. The pattern was different from that of normal serum (Fig. 1) and was characterized by the occurrence of an extra LD-fraction in the cathodic site of LD4 (Fig. 2). This fraction was unusual due to its unwillingness to separate by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and took shape of a diffuse zone. The presence of the extra LD-zone caused a proportional decrease in quantitative distribution of the other LD forms, especially LD1 to LD3, in slaughtered pig sera (Tab. I). We examined the homogeneity of an apparent LD5-fraction using gel isoelectric focusing (IEF). We found out that after separation in a gradient of pH (3-9) two to three new extra bands with LD activity appeared in the area with relatively high pH value (pH 9) (Fig. 3). Their localization in the gradient of pH was greatly different from that of true LD molecules, the latter being situated in more acidic area. It is obvious from the finding described above that the diffuse LD-zone, detected in the serum of pigs at slaughter by native PAGE, was in no case a homogeneous protein. Consequently, it eliminates a possibility that the extra LD fraction reflects an increased LD5 activity in serum of affected animals. On the contrary, the IEF showed that the diffuse LD-zone consisted of two to three electrophoretically distinct proteins with relatively high pI values. As these proteins differed in their electrophoretic properties from the true LD isoenzymes we denoted them LD-like proteins. An origin of the unusual LD-like proteins detected in the serum of pigs at slaughter remains unknown for us for the time being.

• MeSH
• izoenzymy MeSH
• jatka MeSH
• L-laktátdehydrogenasa krev   MeSH
• prasata krev   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• izoenzymy MeSH
• L-laktátdehydrogenasa MeSH

A new allele Maejm and a more precise genetic analysis of the Ml factor previously assigned to the M system are described after screening three generation families (Wild Boar x Pietrain, Meishan x Pietrain) for the M blood group system using a complete set of 13 M reagents. From informative families with proven parental M genotypes it was shown that the Ml antigen is controlled by an allele from another system. We propose to designate this new system P and to change the factor designation from Ml to Pa.

• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• antigeny krevních skupin genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• křížení genetické MeSH
• prasata krev   genetika   imunologie   MeSH
• terminologie jako téma MeSH
• určování krevní skupiny a křížové zkoušky veterinární   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny krevních skupin MeSH

Specific alloprecipitins were found in blood plasma of pigs, immunized by sera of Lpr1 positive donors. These precipitins detected a new allotype of the lipoprotein Lpr system which was designated Lpr3. Genetic studies confirmed its codominant inheritance and subgroup character. This linear subgroup of allotype Lpr1 is controlled by the allele Lpr1,3. Investigations in populations of 14 pig breeds showed significant interbreed differences in the frequencies of alleles Lpr1, Lpr2 and Lpr1,3.

• MeSH
• alely * MeSH
• dominantní geny MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• frekvence genu MeSH
• krevní proteiny genetika   MeSH
• lipoproteiny krev   genetika   MeSH
• miniaturní prasata genetika   MeSH
• polymorfismus genetický MeSH
• prasata krev   genetika   MeSH
• rozdělení chí kvadrát MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• krevní proteiny MeSH
• lipoproteiny MeSH