Mushroom poisoning has always been a threat to human health. There are a large number of reports about ingestion of poisonous mushrooms every year around the world. It attracts the attention of researchers, especially in the aspects of toxin composition, toxic mechanism and toxin application in poisonous mushroom. Inocybe is a large genus of mushrooms and contains toxic substances including muscarine, psilocybin, psilocin, aeruginascin, lectins and baeocystin. In order to prevent and remedy mushroom poisoning, it is significant to clarify the toxic effects and mechanisms of these bioactive substances. In this review article, we summarize the chemistry, most known toxic effects and mechanisms of major toxic substances in Inocybe mushrooms, especially muscarine, psilocybin and psilocin. Their available toxicity data (different species, different administration routes) published formerly are also summarized. In addition, the treatment and medical application of these toxic substances in Inocybe mushrooms are also discussed. We hope that this review will help understanding of the chemistry and toxicology of Inocybe mushrooms as well as the potential clinical application of its bioactive substances to benefit human beings.

• Klíčová slova
• Inocybe mushroom, muscarine, psilocin, psilocybin, toxicology,
• MeSH
• Agaricales chemie   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• lektiny chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• muskarin chemie   otrava   toxicita   MeSH
• organofosforové sloučeniny chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• otrava houbami etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• psilocybin analogy a deriváty   chemie   otrava   toxicita   MeSH
• tryptaminy chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• lektiny MeSH
• muskarin MeSH
• N, N, N-trimethyl-4-phosphoryloxytryptamine MeSH Prohlížeč
• organofosforové sloučeniny MeSH
• psilocin MeSH Prohlížeč
• psilocybin MeSH
• tryptaminy MeSH

The authors studied the radioprotective efficacy and toxicity of an AET + 5-methoxytryptamine mixture and its effect on the course of respiratory exchange, using different weight ratios of the two components. The optomum was found to be 150 mg AET/kg b.w + 25 mg 5-MOT/kg b.w. This mixture gave very good protection in the supralethal exposure range and markedly prolonged its duration. The high toxicity of this mixture was abolished by the pre-administration of glutathione. Raised and longer protection was also manifested in the course of respiratory exchange, showing that an association exists between changes in energy metabolism and raised radioresistance of the organism.

• MeSH
• 5-methoxytryptamin aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• beta-aminoethylisothiomočovina aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• dýchání účinky léků   MeSH
• inbrední kmeny myší MeSH
• LD50 MeSH
• myši MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky toxicita   MeSH
• spotřeba kyslíku účinky léků   MeSH
• tryptaminy toxicita   MeSH
• vztah dávky záření a odpovědi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 5-methoxytryptamin MeSH
• beta-aminoethylisothiomočovina MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH
• tryptaminy MeSH