Honeybee workers undergo metamorphosis in capped cells for approximately 13 days before adult emergence. During the same period, Varroa mites prick the defenseless host many times. We sought to identify proteome differences between emerging Varroa-parasitized and parasite-free honeybees showing the presence or absence of clinical signs of deformed wing virus (DWV) in the capped cells. A label-free proteomic analysis utilizing nanoLC coupled with an Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid mass spectrometer provided a quantitative comparison of 2316 protein hits. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the combination of Varroa parasitism and DWV clinical signs caused proteome changes that occurred in the same direction as those of Varroa alone and were approximately two-fold higher. Furthermore, proteome changes associated with DWV signs alone were positioned above Varroa in the RDA. Multiple markers indicate that Varroa activates TGF-β-induced pathways to suppress wound healing and the immune response and that the collective action of stressors intensifies these effects. Furthermore, we indicate JAK/STAT hyperactivation, p53-BCL-6 feedback loop disruption, Wnt pathway activation, Wnt/Hippo crosstalk disruption, and NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling conflict in the Varroa-honeybee-DWV interaction. These results illustrate the higher effect of Varroa than of DWV at the time of emergence. Markers for future research are provided.

• MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• histony metabolismus   MeSH
• Janus kinasy metabolismus   MeSH
• protein-serin-threoninkinasy metabolismus   MeSH
• proteiny Wnt metabolismus   MeSH
• proteom * MeSH
• proteomika * MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• RNA-viry * MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• symbióza * MeSH
• transformující růstový faktor beta * MeSH
• transkripční faktory STAT metabolismus   MeSH
• Varroidae * MeSH
• včely metabolismus   parazitologie   virologie   MeSH
• výpočetní biologie metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• histony MeSH
• Janus kinasy MeSH
• protein-serin-threoninkinasy MeSH
• proteiny Wnt MeSH
• proteom * MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• transformující růstový faktor beta * MeSH
• transkripční faktory STAT MeSH