Gene manipulation in mycobacteria developed in two phases. In the first phase genes of mycobacteria were transferred into cells of E. coli and Streptomyces lividans. In the second phase, heterologous genes were transferred into mycobacteria either with a shuttle plasmid or hybrid plasmids. A prerequisite for successful gene manipulation in mycobacteria was a thorough understanding of plasmids in mycobacteria. Construction of recombinant DNA molecules contributed not only to the fact that mycobacteria did not remain outside the mainstream of modern genetic research but also to their present practical importance.

• MeSH
• Genes, Bacterial MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetics   MeSH
• Mycobacterium genetics   MeSH
• Plasmids MeSH
• Streptomyces genetics   MeSH
• Transfection MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH

It is generally assumed that genetic research of mycobacteria is delayed as compared with other, more commonly used, bacterial models, particularly in the field of genetic transfers. In the field of mutagenesis the problems have been studied to such an extent that replication maps of the chromosome of M. phlei and M. tuberculosis H37 Rv have already been constructed and a new model of the cell cycle of bacteria exhibiting a slow growth rate has been worked out. When the problems of mycobacterial genetics are looked upon in the light of gene manipulations it may be concluded that mycobacteria belong to a few models whose genes are used for cloning and that problems of practical significance will be studied by means of the most modern approaches.

• MeSH
• Genetics, Microbial * MeSH
• Mycobacterium genetics   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH

• MeSH
• Histidine metabolism   MeSH
• Culture Media MeSH
• Methylnitronitrosoguanidine pharmacology   MeSH
• Mutation * MeSH
• Mycobacterium drug effects   genetics   metabolism   MeSH
• Vancomycin * pharmacology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Histidine MeSH
• Culture Media MeSH
• Methylnitronitrosoguanidine MeSH
• Vancomycin * MeSH

• MeSH
• Transformation, Bacterial MeSH
• Corynebacterium genetics   MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetics   MeSH
• Conjugation, Genetic MeSH
• Lysogeny MeSH
• Mutation MeSH
• Mycobacterium avium genetics   MeSH
• Mycobacterium bovis genetics   MeSH
• Mycobacterium phlei genetics   MeSH
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetics   MeSH
• Mycobacterium genetics   MeSH
• Mycobacteriophages genetics   MeSH
• Transduction, Genetic MeSH
• Transfection MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH