Nejvíce citovaný článek - PubMed ID 1176042
Morphogenic effects of ramihyphin A in filamentous fungi
Brefeldin A has been recently characterized to act as an inhibitor of intracellular protein export with profound effects on the structure and function of the Golgi apparatus in animal cells. Manifold activities of the antibiotic (under different names) published in the 1960's and 1970's are reviewed: effects on fungal growth and morphogenesis, inhibition of mitosis in plant cells, cytotoxicity, cancerostatic, antiviral and antinematodal activity and peculiar effects on DNA, RNA and protein synthesis in microbial and animal cells.
- MeSH
- antibiotika antitumorózní farmakologie MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- antinematodní látky farmakologie MeSH
- antivirové látky farmakologie MeSH
- brefeldin A MeSH
- cyklopentany farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rostliny účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibiotika antitumorózní MeSH
- antifungální látky MeSH
- antinematodní látky MeSH
- antivirové látky MeSH
- brefeldin A MeSH
- cyklopentany MeSH
- MeSH
- antifungální látky chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- cyklosporin chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
- organické látky MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- cyklosporin MeSH
- organické látky MeSH
- ramihyphin A MeSH Prohlížeč
Numerous antibodies with a known mechanism of action are utilized as possible means for studying morphogenesis and differentiation. Inhibitors of biosynthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, compounds intervening with the synthesis and/or function of cell walls and membranes or compounds influencing the energy metabolism are particularly useful. The use of antibiotics for studies of the life cycle of viruses, bacteria, fungi, myxomycetes, protozoa and algae is analyzed in the present communication. Certain aspects of morphogenesis and functions of mitochondria and plastids were clarified with the aid of antibiotics. Relationships between production of antibiotics and differentiation of their producers are discussed in the final part of the paper.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky biosyntéza farmakologie MeSH
- Bacteria růst a vývoj MeSH
- chloroplasty fyziologie MeSH
- Eukaryota růst a vývoj MeSH
- houby růst a vývoj MeSH
- mitochondrie fyziologie MeSH
- morfogeneze MeSH
- organoidy fyziologie MeSH
- spory hub fyziologie MeSH
- viry růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
As a preliminary step in the study of dimorphism in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, the effects of cyanein and ramihyphin A were studied. These antibiotics have been reported to induce morphological changes in fungi. The results obtained suggest that ramihyphin A induce swelling of hyphae while partially inhibiting Y leads to M transformation with the production of an incipient and swollen mycelium. Cyanein did not affect the mycelial morphology as did ramihyphin A. However, the Y leads to M transformation was inhibited and, also, the M leads to Y transformation was blocked with the production of a few yeast cells which were not released from the mycelium.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- cyklopentany farmakologie MeSH
- houby účinky léků MeSH
- Paracoccidioides účinky léků genetika růst a vývoj MeSH
- polymorfismus genetický účinky léků MeSH
- transformace genetická účinky léků MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- cyklopentany MeSH
The effect of antibiotics and metabolic inhibitors on mycelial growth of Botrytis cinera was followed. Inhibitors of protein synthesis, chloramphenicol, erythromycin and tetracycline inhibit growth or sporulation of Botrytis cinera. Ethidium bromide, 5-fluorouracil, phenylethylalcohol and K 20 cause granulation, vacuolization and undulation of hyphase. 2,4-Dinitrophenol, boromycin, macrotetrolides, monensin, scopathricin and TX2 at subfungistatic concentrations induce intensive branching of hyphal tips i.e. at the site of synthesis of the cell wall. In older hyphase grown in the absence of the antibiotics the branching begins after their addition, particularly in the septum region. When comparing the results referred to here with those obtained previously and on the basis of literature data it may be assumed that the changes in polarity of growth of Botrytis cinerea might be caused primarily or secondarily by impairing membrane functions and formation of cell walls.
Colonial growth of Neurospora sitophila phenotypically induced by ramihyphin A is accompanied by marked changes in the contents of DNA, RNA and proteins in the mycelium, and in the relative proportion of hexoses in cell wall hydrolysates. The glucosamine/glucose ratio is also characteristic for colonial growth. X-ray analysis of cell walls showed that ramilhyphin A suppresses the crystalline arrangement of chitin in cell walls. A combination of microbiological, biochemical and physico-chemical methods yielded a general picture of the changes accompanying the colonial growth of Neurospora sitophila.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- buněčná stěna metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- chitin biosyntéza MeSH
- DNA biosyntéza MeSH
- fungální proteiny biosyntéza MeSH
- hexosaminy biosyntéza MeSH
- hexosy biosyntéza MeSH
- krystalografie MeSH
- Neurospora růst a vývoj metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- RNA biosyntéza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- chitin MeSH
- DNA MeSH
- fungální proteiny MeSH
- hexosaminy MeSH
- hexosy MeSH
- RNA MeSH
Some antibiotics and synthetic inhibitors affect, in several ways, the life cycle of Neurospora crassa (germination of conidia leads to myceliar growth leads to formation of conidia). Bikaverin, cyanein, scopathricin and phenethyl alcohol retard the germination of conidia, without inhibiting it completely. 5-Fluorouracil, ramihyphin A and zygosporin A (cytochalasin D) do not inhibit the germination. Bikaverin brings about a thickening of the hyphae of growing mycelium. Ramihyphin A, cyanein, scopathricin and zygosporin A stimulate the ramification of hyphae while 5-fluorouracil and phenethyl alcohol do not affect the myceliar morphology apart from their inhibitory effect on growth. Actinomycin D, 5-fluorouracil, cycloheximide, ramihyphin A and partially also sodium iodoacetate inhibit to a different degree the photoinduced formation of conidia. The inhibition by 5-fluorouracil is very conspicuous when the agent is present during the photoinduction but considerably weaker when it is applied 2 h after the photoinduction.
- MeSH
- antifungální látky farmakologie MeSH
- cykloheximid farmakologie MeSH
- cyklopentany farmakologie MeSH
- cytochalasiny farmakologie MeSH
- daktinomycin farmakologie MeSH
- fenethylalkohol farmakologie MeSH
- fluorouracil farmakologie MeSH
- jodacetáty farmakologie MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- Neurospora crassa účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- Neurospora růst a vývoj MeSH
- spory hub účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- světelná stimulace MeSH
- ultrafialové záření MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- xantheny farmakologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antifungální látky MeSH
- cykloheximid MeSH
- cyklopentany MeSH
- cytochalasiny MeSH
- daktinomycin MeSH
- fenethylalkohol MeSH
- fluorouracil MeSH
- jodacetáty MeSH
- xantheny MeSH
