Induction of long-term tolerance to β-cell autoantigens has been investigated both in animal models and in human type 1 diabetes (T1D) in order to prevent the disease. As regards external compounds, the dietary plant protein fraction has been associated with high penetrance of the disease, whereas gluten-free diets prevent T1D in animal models. Herewith we investigated whether intranasal (i.n.) administration of gliadin or gluten may arrest the diabetogenic process. I.n. administration of gliadin to 4-week-old NOD mice significantly reduced the diabetes incidence. Similarly, the insulitis was lowered. Intranasal gliadin also rescued a fraction of prediabetic 13-week-old NOD mice from progressing to clinical onset of diabetes compared to OVA-treated controls. Vaccination with i.n. gliadin led to an induction of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells and even more significant induction of γδ T cells in mucosal, but not in non-mucosal lymphoid compartments. This prevention strategy was characterized by an increased proportion of IL-10 and a decreased proportion of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-γ-positive CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells, and IFN-γ-positive γδ T cells, preferentially in mucosal lymphoid organs. In conclusion, i.n. vaccination with gliadin, an environmental antigen with possible etiological influence in T1D, may represent a novel, safer strategy for prevention or even early cure of T1D.

• MeSH
• aplikace intranazální MeSH
• CD4-pozitivní T-lymfocyty imunologie   MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu farmakoterapie   imunologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• forkhead transkripční faktory metabolismus   MeSH
• gliadin aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• gluteny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfoidní tkáň imunologie   patologie   MeSH
• myši inbrední NOD MeSH
• počet lymfocytů MeSH
• slizniční imunita MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokiny MeSH
• forkhead transkripční faktory MeSH
• FOXP3 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• gliadin MeSH
• gluteny MeSH