The study evaluates the survivability and storage stability of seven Trichoderma strains belonging to the species: T. harzianum (1), T. atroviride (4), and T. virens (2) after the lyophilization of their solid state cultures on wheat straw. Biomass of Trichoderma strains was freeze-dried with and without the addition of maltodextrin. Furthermore, in order to determine the ability of tested Trichoderma strains to preserve selected technological features, the biosynthesis of extracellular hydrolases (cellulases, xylanases, and polygalacturonases) after a 3-month storage of lyophilizates was investigated. Strains of T. atroviride (except TRS40) and T. harzianum TRS85 showed the highest viability after lyophilization process (up to 100%). After 3 months of storage, T. atroviride TRS14 exhibited the highest stability (95.23%); however, the number of active conidia remained at high level of 106-107 cfu/g for all tested T. atroviride strains and T. harzianum TRS85. Interestingly, after a 3-month storage of lyophilized formulations, most of the tested Trichoderma strains exhibited higher cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities compared to the control, i.e., before freeze-drying process. The highest activities of these enzymes exhibited the following: T. atroviride TRS14-2.37 U/g and T. atroviride TRS25-21.47 U/g, respectively, whereas pectinolytic activity was weak for all tested strains, with the highest value of 0.64 U/g registered for T. virens TRS109.

• MeSH
• biomasa MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• fermentace MeSH
• hydrolasy metabolismus   MeSH
• lyofilizace * MeSH
• mikrobiální viabilita * MeSH
• pšenice metabolismus   MeSH
• skladování léků MeSH
• spory hub růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Trichoderma klasifikace   růst a vývoj   fyziologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• hydrolasy MeSH

Thirty-three isolates belonging to six species of the genus Trichoderma were tested for the ability to hydroxylate progesterone to 11alpha-, 11beta-, 11alpha,17alpha- and 6beta, 17alpha-derivatives, and epicortisol. T. aureoviride, T. harzianum, T. polysporum and T. pseudokoningii produced 11alpha-hydroxyprogesterone. T. harzianum and T. hamatum can form only the 11beta-isomer. T. koningii and T. hamatum produced 11alpha-, 11beta-, 11alpha,17alpha- and 6beta,11alpha-hydroxy derivatives. 11alpha, 11beta, 6beta,11alpha- and 11alpha,17alpha-hydroxyprogesterones and epicortisol are produced by T. aureoviride and T. pseudokoningii. Cortisol was produced only when the medium was fortified by 10 g/L peptone. This is the first record of conversion of progesterone to mono-, di- and trihydroxyprogesterones by these Trichoderma species.

• MeSH
• biotransformace MeSH
• hydroxylace MeSH
• progesteron chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Trichoderma růst a vývoj   izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• progesteron MeSH

Plastic waste disposal is a huge ecotechnological problem and one of the approaches to solving this problem is the development of biodegradable plastics. This review summarizes data on their use, biodegradability, commercial reliability and production from renewable resources. Some commercially successful biodegradable plastics are based on chemical synthesis (i.e. polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, and polyvinyl alcohol). Others are products of microbial fermentations (i.e. polyesters and neutral polysaccharides) or are prepared from chemically modified natural products (e.g., starch, cellulose, chitin or soy protein).

• MeSH
• Bacteria metabolismus   MeSH
• biodegradace MeSH
• biotechnologie metody   MeSH
• celulosa chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• houby metabolismus   MeSH
• plastické hmoty chemická syntéza   metabolismus   MeSH
• polyestery metabolismus   MeSH
• polymery MeSH
• rostliny metabolismus   MeSH
• škrob chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• celulosa MeSH
• plastické hmoty MeSH
• polyestery MeSH
• polymery MeSH
• škrob MeSH