Nitro-fatty acids modulate inflammatory and metabolic stress responses, thus displaying potential as new drug candidates. Herein, we evaluate the redox behavior of nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) and its ability to bind to the fatty acid transporter human serum albumin (HSA). The nitro group of NO2-OA underwent electrochemical reduction at -0.75 V at pH 7.4 in an aqueous milieu. Based on observations of the R-NO2 reduction process, the stability and reactivity of NO2-OA was measured in comparison to oleic acid (OA) as the negative control. These electrochemically-based results were reinforced by computational quantum mechanical modeling. DFT calculations indicated that both the C9-NO2 and C10-NO2 positional isomers of NO2-OA occurred in two conformers with different internal angles (69° and 110°) between the methyl- and carboxylate termini. Both NO2-OA positional isomers have LUMO energies of around -0.7 eV, affirming the electrophilic properties of fatty acid nitroalkenes. In addition, the binding of NO2-OA and OA with HSA revealed a molar ratio of ~7:1 [NO2-OA]:[HSA]. These binding experiments were performed using both an electrocatalytic approach and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy using 16-doxyl stearic acid. Using a Fe(DTCS)2 spin-trap, EPR studies also showed that the release of the nitro moiety of NO2-OA resulted in the formation of nitric oxide radical. Finally, the interaction of NO2-OA with HSA was monitored via Tyr and Trp residue electro-oxidation. The results indicate that not only non-covalent binding but also NO2-OA-HSA adduction mechanisms should be taken into consideration. This study of the redox properties of NO2-OA is applicable to the characterization of other electrophilic mediators of biological and pharmacological relevance.

• Klíčová slova
• Electrophiles, NO, Nitrated fatty acids, Oleic acid, Proteins, Serum albumin binding,
• MeSH
• dusíkaté sloučeniny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• kyselina dusičná chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lidský sérový albumin chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• mastné kyseliny chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• oxid dusnatý chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• oxidace-redukce * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Názvy látek
• dusíkaté sloučeniny MeSH
• kyselina dusičná MeSH
• lidský sérový albumin MeSH
• mastné kyseliny MeSH
• oxid dusnatý MeSH

• MeSH
• biosenzitivní techniky přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• elektrochemické techniky přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• glykomika přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• glykoproteiny analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární modely MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• proteiny analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• sacharidové sekvence MeSH
• sekvence aminokyselin MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glykoproteiny MeSH
• proteiny MeSH