• MeSH
• Acetates analysis   MeSH
• Adenosine Diphosphate analysis   metabolism   MeSH
• Adenosine Monophosphate analysis   metabolism   MeSH
• Adenosine Triphosphate analysis   metabolism   MeSH
• Candida metabolism   MeSH
• Chromatography, Gas MeSH
• Electrophoresis MeSH
• Ethanol analysis   metabolism   MeSH
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
• Oxygen metabolism   MeSH
• Lactates analysis   MeSH
• Osmotic Pressure * MeSH
• Sorbitol pharmacology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Acetates MeSH
• Adenosine Diphosphate MeSH
• Adenosine Monophosphate MeSH
• Adenosine Triphosphate MeSH
• Ethanol MeSH
• Oxygen MeSH
• Lactates MeSH
• Sorbitol MeSH

Effects of ethanol inhibition, initial pH and buffering capacity of media on the catabolic activity of nongrowing cells of Candida utilis were studied. Effects of external conditions on the kinetic of ethanol oxidation and cell respiration are described by mathematical models. The results revealed a significant influence of both the external pH and the buffering capacity of the medium on the kinetic parameters of catabolic activity. The inhibitory effect results in the bottleneck of one of the reaction of the citrate cycle, glyoxylate cycle or electron transfer in a respiratory chain although the total rate of ethanol dissimilation increases under these conditions.

• MeSH
• Aerobiosis MeSH
• Candida drug effects   metabolism   MeSH
• Energy Metabolism MeSH
• Ethanol metabolism   MeSH
• Kinetics MeSH
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
• Culture Media pharmacology   MeSH
• Oxidation-Reduction MeSH
• Buffers MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Ethanol MeSH
• Culture Media MeSH
• Buffers MeSH

The inhibitory effect and substrate properties of benzoic acid were estimated for 25 yeast strains belonging to genera Candida, Hansenula, Hypopichia, Rhodosporidium, Rhodotorula, Saitoella and Trichosporon. Benzoic acid can serve as a sole carbon source for growth of yeasts belong to genera Rhodotorula, Rhodosporidium and Saitoella in synthetic mineral media. Specific growth rate is strongly dependent both on the concentration of benzoate and the pH value of the cultivation media. Maximum specific growth rate on benzoate is observed in alkaline cultivation media at pH 7.0-7.5 whereas those for growth on glucose in mildly acidic media at pH 5.0. Some of the strains showed weak growth on benzoate even at pH 8.5. Some carotenoid-containing yeasts of the genera Rhodotorula and Rhodosporidium lost their ability to synthesize carotenoid pigments during growth in alkaline benzoate media.

• MeSH
• Benzoates metabolism   pharmacology   MeSH
• Biodegradation, Environmental MeSH
• Models, Biological MeSH
• Kinetics MeSH
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
• Culture Media MeSH
• Yeasts drug effects   growth & development   metabolism   MeSH
• Benzoic Acid MeSH
• Carbon metabolism   MeSH
• Hydrocarbons metabolism   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Benzoates MeSH
• Culture Media MeSH
• Benzoic Acid MeSH
• Carbon MeSH
• Hydrocarbons MeSH

The mathematical theory of substrate-induced acidification by microorganisms was based on special formulation of mass and charge conservation laws for distinct species. The strength of the theory was tested on the ethanol-induced acidification by Candida utilis in pure water and in phthalate buffer. We showed that the theory may be used to approximate, extrapolate and predict the course of apparent acidification including the effects of buffering capacity of the broth. It makes it possible to formulate mathematical models that are suitable for process simulation and computer control of bioreactors when pH is used as a state variable.

• MeSH
• Candida metabolism   MeSH
• Ethanol metabolism   MeSH
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
• Phthalic Acids MeSH
• Mathematics MeSH
• Computer Simulation MeSH
• Buffers MeSH
• Water chemistry   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Ethanol MeSH
• Phthalic Acids MeSH
• phthalic acid MeSH Browser
• Buffers MeSH
• Water MeSH

The external pH affects both ethanol and oxygen uptake rates by nongrowing cells of Candida utilis suspended either in distilled water or in phthalate buffer. The buffering properties of organic acids control the maximum rates of exogenous respiration and ethanol uptake. The substrate limitation of ethanol uptake rate and endogenous respiration rate increase proportionally with increasing hydrogen ion concentration in the medium.

• MeSH
• Candida metabolism   MeSH
• Ethanol metabolism   MeSH
• Kinetics MeSH
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
• Oxidation-Reduction MeSH
• Oxygen Consumption MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Ethanol MeSH