Liquid biopsy-the determination of circulating cells, proteins, DNA or RNA from biofluids through a "less invasive" approach-has emerged as a novel approach in all cancer entities. Circulating non-(protein) coding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and YRNAs can be passively released by tissue or cell damage or actively secreted as cell-free circulating RNAs, bound to lipoproteins or carried by exosomes. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), a growing body of evidence suggests circulating non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) such as miRNAs, lncRNAs, and YRNAs as promising and easily accessible blood-based biomarkers for the early diagnosis of RCC as well as for the prediction of prognosis and treatment response. In addition, circulating ncRNAs could also play a role in RCC pathogenesis and progression. This review gives an overview over the current study landscape of circulating ncRNAs and their involvement in RCC pathogenesis as well as their potential utility as future biomarkers in RCC diagnosis and treatment.

• Klíčová slova
• biomarker, diagnosis, liquid biopsy, long non-coding RNA, microRNA, prognosis, renal cell carcinoma,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

Serum microRNAs are emerging as a clinically useful tool for early and non-invasive detection of various cancer types including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Based on our previous results, we performed the study to analyze circulating serum miR-378 and miR-210 in patients with various histological subtypes of RCC. RNA was purified from blood serum samples of 195 RCC patients and 100 healthy controls. The levels of miR-378 and miR-210 in serum were determined absolutely using quantitative real-time PCR. Pre- and postoperative levels of both microRNAs were compared in 20 RCC patients. Significantly increased serum levels of both miR-378 and miR-210 enabled to clearly distinguish RCC patients and healthy controls with 80% sensitivity and 78% specificity if analyzed in combination (p<0.0001), and their levels significantly decreased in the time period of three months after radical nephrectomy (p<0.0001). Increased level of miR-378 positively correlates with disease-free survival (p=0.036) and clinical stage (p=0.0476). The analysis of serum miR-378 and miR-210 proved their potential to serve as powerful non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in RCC.

• Klíčová slova
• biomarker, blood serum, microRNA, renal cell carcinoma,
• MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk krev   genetika   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA krev   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery krev   MeSH
• nádory ledvin krev   genetika   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• mikro RNA MeSH
• MIRN210 microRNA, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• MIRN378 microRNA, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH

BACKGROUND: In this study, we aimed to identify microRNA from urine of multiple myeloma patients that could serve as a biomarker for the disease. RESULTS: Analysis of urine samples was performed using Serum/Plasma Focus PCR MicroRNA Panel (Exiqon) and verified using individual TaqMan miRNA assays for qPCR. We found 20 deregulated microRNA (p < 0.05); for further validation, we chose 8 of them. Nevertheless, only differences in expression levels of miR-22-3p remained close to statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary results did not confirm urine microRNA as a potential biomarker for multiple myeloma.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA genetika   moč   MeSH
• mnohočetný myelom diagnóza   genetika   moč   MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery moč   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• mikro RNA MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH