Pythium oligandrum (Oomycota) is known for its strong mycoparasitism against more than 50 fungal and oomycete species. However, the ability of this oomycete to suppress and kill the causal agents of dermatophytoses is yet to be studied. We provide a complex study of the interactions between P. oligandrum and dermatophytes representing all species dominating in the developed countries. We assessed its biocidal potential by performing growth tests, on both solid and liquid cultivation media and by conducting a pilot clinical study. In addition, we studied the molecular background of mycoparasitism using expression profiles of genes responsible for the attack on the side of P. oligandrum and the stress response on the side of Microsporum canis. We showed that dermatophytes are efficiently suppressed or killed by P. oligandrum in the artificial conditions of cultivations media between 48 and 72 h after first contact. Significant intra- and interspecies variability was noted. Of the 69 patients included in the acute regimen study, symptoms were completely eliminated in 79% of the patients suffering from foot odour, hyperhidrosis disappeared in 67% of cases, clinical signs of dermatomycoses could no longer be observed in 83% of patients, and 15% of persons were relieved of symptoms of onychomycosis. Our investigations provide clear evidence that the oomycete is able to recognize and kill dermatophytes using recognition mechanisms that resemble those described in oomycetes attacking fungi infecting plants, albeit with some notable differences.

• Klíčová slova
• Aggressivity genes, Dermatophytes, Microsporum, Mycoparasitism, Pythium oligandrum, Trichophyton,
• MeSH
• antibióza * MeSH
• Arthrodermataceae růst a vývoj   MeSH
• biologická terapie metody   MeSH
• fyziologický stres MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální viabilita MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• Pythium růst a vývoj   MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• tinea terapie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Trichophyton bullosum is a zoophilic dermatophyte from the Arthroderma benhamiae complex with a poorly known distribution. In this study, we report a case of dermatophytosis caused by T. bullosum in a 6-year-old male horse who had a skin lesion located in a saddle area. The infection spread rapidly to the upper chest and to both sides of the trunk. The dermatophyte was isolated in culture and identified by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS rDNA). To date, this is the first verified case of animal infection due to T. bullosum in Europe following the 2012 report of human infection in France. We hypothesize that this species can be relatively common in horses and donkeys, but it is confused with other zoophilic species responsible for infections with similar clinical manifestations, and when isolated in culture, it is misidentified as the phenotypically similar T. verrucosum. Previous cases of dermatophytosis caused by T. verrucosum-like dermatophytes in horses and donkeys were reviewed together with human infections transmitted from these animals. This summary estimates possible distribution width of T. bullosum. The taxonomy of T. verrucosum-like dermatophytes is extremely difficult due to lack of original material and poor morphology of species. Molecular genetic methods are necessary to verify the identification of these fungi. ITS1 or ITS2 region of rDNA alone is sufficient for correct identification.

• Klíčová slova
• Arthroderma benhamiae complex, Enilconazole, Flutrimazole, Horse diseases, Superficial mycoses, Zoonotic infections,
• MeSH
• DNA fungální chemie   genetika   MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• koně MeSH
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA chemie   genetika   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• mykologické určovací techniky MeSH
• nemoci koní diagnóza   mikrobiologie   patologie   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• shluková analýza MeSH
• tinea diagnóza   mikrobiologie   patologie   veterinární   MeSH
• Trichophyton klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH
• Názvy látek
• DNA fungální MeSH
• mezerníky ribozomální DNA MeSH