The aim of this paper was to analyse the trends in the participation of Czech adolescents in organized sport activities in relation to the socioeconomic status (SES) of their families. The sample consisted of 11, 13 and 15-year-old children (N = 4425 (2010), 10,361 (2014) and 13,377 (2018)); the data were collected as part of the HBSC Study in the Czech Republic. The findings suggest that adolescents from affluent families tend to participate more often in organized sports-both team activities and individual activities. Fifteen-year-old adolescents from families with a high SES are 3.01 times more likely to participate in individual organized sports than adolescents from low-SES families. The gap between participation in sport activities increases with the children's age but does not change significantly during the observed period. The findings suggest that public health policy should be oriented towards children from less-affluent families.

• Klíčová slova
• HBSC, adolescents, leisure time, organized sport activities, socioeconomic status,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• příjem MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• společenská třída MeSH
• sporty * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Background and Objective: Participation in organised out-of-school leisure-time activities (OLTAs) has been shown to have a positive impact on community health practices and to lessen inequities in social and environmental opportunities among youths. According to the social capital theory, OLTAs foster bridging ties that allow individuals to forge new, wider-ranging social connections, increasing social integration and opportunities for identity-related exploration. This study aimed to describe participation in different types of OLTAs and its association with perceived life satisfaction, physical activity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and drunkenness in a representative sample of youths. Methods: A representative sample of 11-, 13- and 15-year-old students (n = 47,799) was recruited throughout all Italian regions within the Italian 2013/2014 Health Behaviours in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Data were collected according to the HBSC study protocol. Participants were compared on outcomes according to OLTA participation type (i.e., non-sport, sport-only, and mixed vs. no-OLTA). In accordance with the study sampling procedures, hierarchical logistic regression models were used. Results: Participation in OLTAs was significantly associated with high life satisfaction in all ages (sport-only: odds ratio (OR) = 1.67, 1.48 and 1.55 for 11- 13- and 15-year-olds; mixed: OR = 1.95, 1.60 and 1.45, respectively). Youths participating in OLTAs were more likely to meet physical activity recommendations and report lower rates of tobacco use and drunkenness. Conclusions: Participation in OLTAs showed a favourable impact on health behaviours. Thus, community organisations and clubs, whether supported by public investments, could contribute to the enhancement of beneficial health practices, by engaging and serving the community as a whole and further reducing inequities in both social and environmental opportunities.

• Klíčová slova
• HBSC, alcohol and tobacco use, health practices, life satisfaction, organized leisure-time activities (OLTA), physical activity recommendations,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• školy MeSH
• veřejné zdravotnictví * MeSH
• volnočasové aktivity * MeSH
• zdravé chování * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Itálie epidemiologie   MeSH

UNLABELLED: A healthy lifestyle habits in adolescents consist of healthy eating patterns and active ways of spending leisure time. This study aimed to examine the relationship between organized leisure-time activities (OLTA) and eating habits in adolescence. Data from the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study on 10,494 Czech adolescents aged 11-15 years was used. The associations of participation in OLTA with ten specific eating habits were analyzed using logistic regression. Involvement in any type of OLTA was associated with higher consumption of daily breakfast, fruit, and vegetables and a lower intake of soft drinks. Participants in non-sport and sport and other activity reported lower rates of unhealthy eating habits (e.g., lower rates of eating crisps and eating in front of the TV or computer). Participation only in sport was related to more frequent eating at fast food restaurants but less frequent snacking in front of the computer and intake of crisps. CONCLUSION: Participation in OLTA was associated with healthier eating habits (e.g., consumption of fruit and vegetables) and a lower occurrence of unhealthy eating habits (e.g., consumption of soft drinks). Alternatively, our findings indicate that non-participation in OLTA can serve as an indicator of an unhealthy lifestyle in adolescence. What is Known • Unhealthy eating habits in youth tend to persist into adulthood and are related to adverse health consequences later in life. • The type of the leisure-time activity (participation in sport, non-sport, sport, and other activities) affects the strength of developmental outcomes in adolescents. What is New • Youth participating in non-sport activity and sport and other activity concurrently reported lower rates of unhealthy eating habits (e.g., eating junk food, eating in front of the TV/computer). • Non-participation in OLTA could be viewed as a potential risk factor for an unhealthy lifestyle in adolescents.

• Klíčová slova
• Adolescents, Czech Republic, Eating habits, Extracurricular activities, HBSC, Organized leisure-time activities,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• přijímání potravy MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti * MeSH
• volnočasové aktivity * MeSH
• zapojení do společnosti * MeSH
• zdravé chování * MeSH
• zdraví dospívajících statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• životní styl MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess the associations of involvement in selected unstructured activities (UA) with health-risk behaviours and academic achievement and the degree to which the participation in organized leisure-time activities (OLTA) changes these associations. METHODS: Using a sample of 6935 Czech adolescents aged 13 and 15 years, we investigated adolescents' weekly involvement in hanging out, visiting shopping malls for fun and meeting friends after 8 p.m., OLTA and engagement in three health-risk behaviours and academic achievement. RESULTS: Weekly involvement in the selected UA was associated with higher odds for regular smoking, being drunk, having early sexual intercourse and low academic achievement. Concurrent participation in OLTA did not buffer these negative outcomes, except for sexual experience. However, those highly engaged only in UA were more likely to participate in the health-risk behaviours and report worse academic achievement than those participating in any OLTA concurrently. CONCLUSIONS: The selected UA are strongly associated with an increased occurrence of adolescents' health-risk behaviours and low academic achievement. Concurrent participation in OLTA does not buffer these negative outcomes significantly, but adolescents engaged only in UA consistently report the least favourable outcomes.

• Klíčová slova
• Adolescence, Extracurricular activities, School performance, Sexual intercourse, Substance use, Unstructured leisure,
• MeSH
• kouření epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• otrava alkoholem epidemiologie   MeSH
• sexuální chování statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• školní úspěšnost * MeSH
• volnočasové aktivity * MeSH
• zdravotně rizikové chování * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to assess the associations between participation in organized leisure-time activities (OLTA) and risk behaviors, and whether the associations differed by gender, age, and pattern of OLTA involvement. METHODS: Data from the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study on 10,279 11-, 13-, and 15-year-old Czech adolescents (49.2% boys) were used. We assessed the associations between OLTA participation and risk behaviors, and modification by age and gender. RESULTS: OLTA participants were less likely to smoke, get drunk repeatedly, or skip school and, in contrast, more likely to get injured and fight repeatedly. The associations with lower occurrence of risk behaviors were the strongest for artists, while none was significant for adolescents participating only in team sports. Girls participating in OLTA had lower odds to smoke, get drunk, or skip school than boys, and these boys had higher odds to get injured or fight. CONCLUSIONS: OLTA participation is associated with lower occurrence of repeated substance use and truancy and inversely with higher odds for physical fights and injuries. Girls, in general, are at lower risk when participating in OLTA than boys.

• Klíčová slova
• Adolescents, Bullying, Extracurricular activities, Substance use, Truancy, Violence,
• MeSH
• absentérství MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• násilí statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek epidemiologie   MeSH
• rány a poranění epidemiologie   MeSH
• riskování * MeSH
• rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
• školy MeSH
• sporty MeSH
• volnočasové aktivity psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH