(1) Objectives: Intestinal failure in home parenteral nutrition patients (HPNPs) results in oxidative stress and liver damage. This study investigated how a high dose of fish oil (FO) added to various lipid emulsions influences antioxidant status and liver function markers in HPNPs. (2) Methods: Twelve HPNPs receiving Smoflipid for at least 3 months were given FO (Omegaven) for a further 4 weeks. Then, the patients were randomized to subsequently receive Lipoplus and ClinOleic for 6 weeks or vice versa plus 4 weeks of Omegaven after each cycle in a crossover design. Twelve age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. (3) Results: Superoxide dismutase (SOD1) activity and oxidized-low-density lipoprotein concentration were higher in all baseline HPN regimens compared to HCs. The Omegaven lowered SOD1 compared to baseline regimens and thus normalized it toward HCs. Lower paraoxonase 1 activity and fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) concentration and, on the converse, higher alkaline phosphatase activity and cholesten concentration were observed in all baseline regimens compared to HCs. A close correlation was observed between FGF19 and SOD1 in baseline regimens. (4) Conclusions: An escalated dose of FO normalized SOD1 activity in HPNPs toward that of HCs. Bile acid metabolism was altered in HPNPs without signs of significant cholestasis and not affected by Omegaven.

• Klíčová slova
• bile acids, chronic intestinal failure, fibroblast growth factor 19, liver function tests, oxidative stress, short bowel syndrome,
• MeSH
• cholestáza * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• parenterální výživa doma * metody   MeSH
• rybí oleje MeSH
• sójový olej MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa 1 MeSH
• tukové emulze intravenózní MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• rybí oleje MeSH
• sójový olej MeSH
• superoxiddismutasa 1 MeSH
• tukové emulze intravenózní MeSH

This study analyzes fatty acid (FA) composition in plasma lipids and erythrocyte phospholipids while comparing septic and non-septic critically ill patients. The aim was to describe impacts of infection and the inflammatory process. Patients with severe sepsis (SP, n = 13); age-, sex- and APACHE II score-matched non-septic critically ill with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (NSP, n = 13); and age-/sex-matched healthy controls (HC, n = 13) were included in a prospective case-control study during the first 24 h after admission to the intensive care unit. In both SP and NSP, lower n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) accompanied by higher proportions of monounsaturated FA (MUFA) in plasma phospholipids (PPL) was observed relative to HC. MUFA proportion was negatively correlated with n-6 PUFA, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and albumin. MUFA was positively correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukins (IL-6, IL-10), oxidized low density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), and conjugated dienes (CD). In both SP and NSP, inflammatory and lipid peroxidation markers were significantly higher-CRP (p < 0.001; p = 0.08), IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α (p < 0.01, p = 0.06), ox-LDL, and CD while total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C albumin, and 20:4n-6/22:6n-3 and n-6/n-3 ratios were lower compared to HC. In conclusion, the changes in plasma lipid FA profile relate to the intensity of inflammatory and peroxidative response regardless of insult etiology. The lower MUFA and higher n-6 PUFA proportions in PPL were inversely correlated with cholesterol and albumin levels.

• Klíčová slova
• Fatty acid profile, Inflammation, Lipoproteins, Oxidative stress, PUFA, Plasma lipids, Sepsis,
• MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein metabolismus   MeSH
• fosfolipidy krev   MeSH
• interleukiny metabolismus   MeSH
• kalcitonin metabolismus   MeSH
• kritický stav * MeSH
• kyseliny mastné mononenasycené krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mastné kyseliny krev   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• sepse imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• syndrom systémové zánětlivé reakce imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein MeSH
• fosfolipidy MeSH
• interleukiny MeSH
• kalcitonin MeSH
• kyseliny mastné mononenasycené MeSH
• mastné kyseliny MeSH