AIMS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, routinely used in neuropathology, represent an invaluable resource for studying rare diseases like transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE). Despite fixation-induced protein cross-linking, prion seeding activity can be effectively detected using the seeding amplification assays. In this study, we employed the second-generation real-time quaking-induced conversion (RT-QuIC) assay to analyse and quantify human prion seeding activity in FFPE brain tissues. METHODS: FFPE frontal brain tissues were deparaffinised in xylene, followed by rehydration through descending concentrations of ethanol. The prion seeding activity in tissue homogenates was assessed by RT-QuIC assay utilising short recombinant hamster prion protein (rHaPrP90-231) as a substrate. RESULTS: A total of 60 samples, including 30 cases of confirmed TSE, comprising both sporadic and genetic forms, as well as 30 non-TSE controls, were analysed. Prion seeding activity has been detected in all TSE samples except one sCJD (VV2) and one GSS (P102L) case, corresponding to an assay sensitivity of 93.3%. Conversely, we did not detect any RT-QuIC positivity in the control group, resulting in 100% specificity. The mean 50% prion seeding dose of FFPE sporadic TSE samples was 107.8/g of brain tissue. CONCLUSION: Our study emphasises high sensitivity and specificity of RT-QuIC assay for prion detection in archival human FFPE brain tissues and demonstrates its diagnostic reliability comparable to other tissue types even after years of storage. The applicability of FFPE samples in RT-QuIC assays facilitates retrospective diagnostics and provides logistical advantages for sample preservation and transportation.

• Klíčová slova
• FFPE, RT‐QuIC, SAA, formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded, prion, prion disease, real‐time quaking‐induced conversion assay, seeding amplification assay,
• MeSH
• fixace tkání metody   MeSH
• formaldehyd MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek * patologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• prionová bílkovina MeSH
• prionové nemoci * patologie   diagnóza   metabolismus   MeSH
• priony * metabolismus   MeSH
• zalévání tkání do parafínu metody   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Názvy látek
• formaldehyd MeSH
• prionová bílkovina MeSH
• priony * MeSH