The casein kinase 1 enzymes (CK1) form a family of serine/threonine kinases with seven CK1 isoforms identified in humans. The most important substrates of CK1 kinases are proteins that act in the regulatory nodes essential for tumorigenesis of hematological malignancies. Among those, the most important are the functions of CK1s in the regulation of Wnt pathways, cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy. In this review we summarize the recent developments in the understanding of biology and therapeutic potential of the inhibition of CK1 isoforms in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma (MM). CK1δ/ε inhibitors block CLL development in preclinical models via inhibition of WNT-5A/ROR1-driven non-canonical Wnt pathway. While no selective CK1 inhibitors have reached clinical stage to date, one dual PI3Kδ and CK1ε inhibitor, umbralisib, is currently in clinical trials for CLL and NHL patients. In MDS, AML and MM, inhibition of CK1α, acting via activation of p53 pathway, showed promising preclinical activities and the first CK1α inhibitor has now entered the clinical trials.
- Klíčová slova
- AML, CK1α, CK1ε, CLL, MM, WNT pathway, casein kinase 1, inhibitors, leukemia, umbralisib,
- MeSH
- cílená molekulární terapie * MeSH
- hematologické nádory farmakoterapie enzymologie patologie MeSH
- kaseinkinasa I antagonisté a inhibitory chemie metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové kmenové buňky účinky léků metabolismus patologie MeSH
- protinádorové látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- signální dráha Wnt MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- kaseinkinasa I MeSH
- protinádorové látky MeSH
UNLABELLED: In this review, we discuss the intricate roles of the Wnt signalling network in the development and progression of mature B-cell-derived haematological malignancies, with a focus on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and related B-cell lymphomas. We review the current literature and highlight the differences between the β-catenin-dependent and -independent branches of Wnt signalling. Special attention is paid to the role of the non-canonical Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, mediated by the Wnt-5-receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor (ROR1)-Dishevelled signalling axis in CLL. This is mainly because the Wnt/PCP co-receptor ROR1 was found to be overexpressed in CLL and the Wnt/PCP pathway contributes to numerous aspects of CLL pathogenesis. We also discuss the possibilities of therapeutically targeting the Wnt signalling pathways as an approach to disrupt the crucial interaction between malignant cells and their micro-environment. We also advocate the need for research in this direction for other lymphomas, namely, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma and follicular lymphoma where the Wnt signalling pathway probably plays a similar role. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc.
- MeSH
- B-buněčný lymfom diagnóza metabolismus MeSH
- chronická lymfatická leukemie diagnóza metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- signální dráha Wnt * MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The interaction between vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and cancer cells is of vital importance to understand tumor dissemination. A paradigmatic cancer to study cell-cell interactions is classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) owing to its complex microenvironment. The role of the interplay between cHL and ECs remains poorly understood. Here we identify canonical WNT pathway activity as important for the mutual interactions between cHL cells and ECs. We demonstrate that local canonical WNT signaling activates cHL cell chemotaxis toward ECs, adhesion to EC layers and cell invasion using not only the Wnt-inhibitor Dickkopf, tankyrases and casein kinase 1 inhibitors but also knockdown of the lymphocyte enhancer binding-factor 1 (LEF-1) and β-catenin in cHL cells. Furthermore, LEF-1- and β-catenin-regulated cHL secretome promoted EC migration, sprouting and vascular tube formation involving vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). Importantly, high VEGFA expression is associated with a worse overall survival of cHL patients. These findings strongly support the concept that WNTs might function as a regulator of lymphoma dissemination by affecting cHL cell chemotaxis and promoting EC behavior and thus angiogenesis through paracrine interactions.
- MeSH
- beta-katenin genetika metabolismus MeSH
- buněčná adheze genetika MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- chemokin CCL19 metabolismus MeSH
- chemotaxe genetika imunologie MeSH
- endoteliální buňky metabolismus MeSH
- Hodgkinova nemoc genetika imunologie metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezibuněčná komunikace * MeSH
- nádorové mikroprostředí * genetika imunologie MeSH
- patologická angiogeneze MeSH
- pohyb buněk genetika MeSH
- signální dráha Wnt * MeSH
- transkripční faktor LEF-1 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- beta-katenin MeSH
- chemokin CCL19 MeSH
- transkripční faktor LEF-1 MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A MeSH
