Nejvíce citovaný článek - PubMed ID 28937232
Physiology of nitric oxide in the respiratory system
FeNO measurement is a validated non-invasive technique, which is used for diagnosis and monitoring of asthma. It would be desirable to find a reliable method to monitor allergic rhinitis (AR) via measurement of FeNO, and/or nasal nitric oxide (nNO). The aim of our study was the assessment of the efficacy of FeNO and nNO as markers in AR treatment. FeNO and nNO were measured with the portable NO analyser (NIOX MINO®) in healthy participants and in patients with AR. The patients were examined during the pollen season and out of it. The effect of local corticosteroids and antihistamine therapy was observed in patients with AR during pollen season after three weeks of therapy. There are significant differences between FeNO and nNO in patients with AR compared to healthy controls at all set points of measurements. While FeNO responded well to the treatment with both antihistamines and combined therapy, nNO decreased only after combined therapy with antihistamines and nasal corticosteroids. nNO monitoring alone is not a suitable method to monitor inflammation of the upper airways in AR and its suppression by anti-allergic treatment and should be correlated with other markers as FeNO or symptom scores.
- MeSH
- alergická rýma diagnóza farmakoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- antihistaminika aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- aplikace intranazální MeSH
- biologické markery analýza metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hormony kůry nadledvin aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nosní sliznice účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- oxid dusnatý analýza metabolismus MeSH
- vydechnutí účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antihistaminika MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- hormony kůry nadledvin MeSH
- oxid dusnatý MeSH
Parkinson's disease (PD) is most commonly manifested by the presence of motor symptoms. However, non-motor symptoms occur several years before the onset of motor symptoms themselves. Hallmarks of dysfunction of the respiratory system are still outside the main focus of interest, whether by clinicians or scientists, despite their indisputable contribution to the morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from PD. In addition, many of the respiratory symptoms are already present in the early stages of the disease and efforts to utilize these parameters in the early diagnosis of PD are now intensifying. Mechanisms that lead to the development and progression of respiratory symptoms are only partially understood. This review focuses mainly on the comparison of respiratory problems observed in clinical studies with available findings obtained from experimental animal models. It also explains pathological changes observed in non-neuronal tissues in subjects with PD.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mechanika dýchání fyziologie MeSH
- neurodegenerativní nemoci diagnóza epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc diagnóza epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- poruchy dýchání diagnóza epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The sinonasal mucosa has an essential role in defense mechanisms of the upper respiratory tract. The innate immune system presents the primary defense against noxious microorganisms followed by induction of the adaptive immune mechanisms as a consequence of the presence of pathogens. This well-known activation of adaptive immune system in response to presence of the antigen on mucosal surfaces is now broadly applicated in vaccinology research. Prevention of infectious diseases belongs to substantial challenges in maintaining the population health. Non-invasive, easily applicable mucosal vaccination purposes various research opportunities that could be usable in daily practice. However, the existence of multiple limitations such as rapid clearance of vaccine from nasal mucosa by means of mucociliary transport represents a great challenge in development of safe and efficient vaccines. Here we give an updated view on nasal functions with focus on nasal mucosal immunity and its potential application in vaccination in nearly future.
- MeSH
- aplikace intranazální MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nosní sliznice účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- respirační sliznice účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- sliznice hrtanu účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- slizniční imunita účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- trachea účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- vakcíny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- vakcíny MeSH
Asthma is a complex disease with a variable course. Efforts to identify biomarkers to predict asthma severity, the course of disease and response to treatment have not been very successful so far. Biomarker research has expanded greatly with the advancement of molecular research techniques. An ideal biomarker should be suitable to identify the disease as well the specific endotype/phenotype, useful in the monitoring of the disease and to determine the prognosis, easily to obtain with minimum discomfort or risk to the patient. An ideal biomarker should be suitable to identify the disease as well the specific endotype/phenotype, useful in the monitoring of the disease and to determine the prognosis, easily to obtain with minimum discomfort or risk to the patient - exhaled breath analysis, blood cells and serum biomarkers, sputum cells and mediators and urine metabolites could be potential biomarkers of asthma bronchiale. Unfortunately, at the moment, an ideal biomarker doesn't exist and the overlap between the biomarkers is a reality. Using panels of biomarkers could improve probably the identification of asthma endotypes in the era of precision medicine.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev metabolismus moč MeSH
- bronchiální astma diagnóza metabolismus terapie MeSH
- individualizovaná medicína metody trendy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- sputum chemie metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biologické markery MeSH