The Eastern Sudetes Mountains (Northern Moravia, Czech Republic) were among the most polluted regions of Europe due to toxic metal depositions and acid rain, until the desulfurization of emissions from coal power stations and reduction of heavy industry which took place in the 1990s. This study provides a comparison of data on the levels of calcium, lead, cadmium, and aluminum in soil, meadow pipit (Anthus pratensis) nestlings, and their available diet in 1994-1999 and in 2017-2019. The soil pH and exchangeable amount of calcium and lead increased slightly. The concentration of calcium in potential prey (invertebrates) increased slightly, and lead and cadmium levels decreased. The amount of calcium and lead in nestling bodies decreased in 2017-2019, while cadmium and aluminum levels remained unchanged after accounting for nestling age. The age of nestlings had an effect on aluminum only, when its content decreased with age. The principal component analysis revealed close association between calcium and lead. The consequences of recent leaching of basic cations, mainly calcium, and increasing bioavailability of lead in soils for future reproduction of the meadow pipit are discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• Aluminum, Cadmium, Calcium, Invertebrates, Lead, Passerines, Recovery, Soil chemistry, Upland,
• MeSH
• hliník MeSH
• kadmium MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu * analýza   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• olovo MeSH
• půda chemie   MeSH
• vápník MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• hliník MeSH
• kadmium MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu * MeSH
• olovo MeSH
• půda MeSH
• vápník MeSH

Colonization of urban areas by wild species is a widespread phenomenon investigated from various ecological and evolutionary perspectives, yet long-term population trends of organisms in urban areas remain understudied. To fill this knowledge gap, we used data from a large-scale breeding bird monitoring scheme and computed population trends in 48 urban bird species in urban and rural areas of a central European country, Czechia. In most species, trends were similar in both environments, indicating common drivers and/or connections between urban and rural populations. In species with significant trends, the positive trends prevailed, suggesting good performance of urbanized species. This may result from wildlife-friendly environmental changes in cities, such as the expansion of green areas and the maturing of woody vegetation. In respect to species traits, more positive trends were found in larger species than in smaller species in both habitats, likely due to the recovery of previously depleted populations.

• Klíčová slova
• Ecology, Nature conservation, Ornithology,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Climate change has been associated with both latitudinal and elevational shifts in species' ranges. The extent, however, to which climate change has driven recent range shifts alongside other putative drivers remains uncertain. Here, we use the changing distributions of 378 European breeding bird species over 30 years to explore the putative drivers of recent range dynamics, considering the effects of climate, land cover, other environmental variables, and species' traits on the probability of local colonisation and extinction. On average, species shifted their ranges by 2.4 km/year. These shifts, however, were significantly different from expectations due to changing climate and land cover. We found that local colonisation and extinction events were influenced primarily by initial climate conditions and by species' range traits. By contrast, changes in climate suitability over the period were less important. This highlights the limitations of using only climate and land cover when projecting future changes in species' ranges and emphasises the need for integrative, multi-predictor approaches for more robust forecasting.

• MeSH
• ekosystém MeSH
• klimatické změny * MeSH
• ptáci * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH