One element, potassium, can be identified as the connecting link in the research of Czech neurophysiologist Prof. František Vyskočil. It accompanied him from the first student experiments on the frog muscle (Solandt effect) via sodium-potassium pump and quantum and non-quantum release of neurotransmitters (e.g. acetylcholine) to the most appreciated work on the reversible leakage of K+ from brain neurons during the Leao´s spreading cortical depression, often preceding migraine. He used a wide range of methods at the systemic, cellular and genetic levels. The electrophysiology and biochemistry of nerve-muscle contacts and synapses in the muscles and brain led to a range of interesting findings and discoveries on normal, denervated and hibernating laboratory mammals and in tissue cultures. Among others, he co-discovered the facilitating effects of catecholamines (adrenaline in particular) by end-plate synchronization of individual evoked quanta. This helps to understand the general effectiveness of nerve-muscle performance during actual stress. After the transition of the Czech Republic to capitalism, together with Dr. Josef Zicha from our Institute, he was an avid promoter of scientometry as an objective system of estimating a scientist´s success in basic research (journal Vesmír, 69: 644-645, 1990 in Czech).

• MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozek * fyziologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• neurony * metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• neurovědy * MeSH
• žáby MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• dějiny 21. století MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

1. Local endplate depolarization induced by anticholinesterase application to mouse nerve-diaphragm preparations was taken as a measure of non-quantal release of acetylcholine. 2. Non-quantal acetylcholine release occurred within 20-60 s after anticholinesterase application, either spontaneously or evoked by nerve stimulation. Non-quantal release declined with time and disappeared after 3-5 min. 3. The amplitude of stimulation-evoked non-quantal release increased with the frequency of stimulation and was maximal at frequencies above 50 Hz. Two stimuli were sufficient to evoke the maximal effect. 4. Micromolar concentrations of atropine, pirenzepine and vesamicol reduced the amplitude and shortened the duration of non-quantal release. Oxotremorine (10(-8) M) enhanced the amplitude and ouabain (10(-4) M) prolonged the duration of non-quantal release. 5. Our results support the idea that the non-quantal release is due to the vesicular acetylcholine transport system which becomes transiently a part of the nerve terminal during exocytotic release of quantal acetylcholine.

• MeSH
• acetylcholin metabolismus   MeSH
• atropin farmakologie   MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory farmakologie   MeSH
• elektrická stimulace MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nervosvalová ploténka fyziologie   MeSH
• nervosvalové spojení účinky léků   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• nervová zakončení účinky léků   metabolismus   fyziologie   MeSH
• ouabain farmakologie   MeSH
• oxotremorin farmakologie   MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• acetylcholin MeSH
• atropin MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory MeSH
• ouabain MeSH
• oxotremorin MeSH