Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and idiopathic hirsutism (IH) are androgen excess disorders requiring the determination of classic androgen levels for diagnosis. 11-oxygenated androgens have high androgenic potential, yet their clinical value in those disorders is not clear. Additionally, the role of endocrine disruptors (EDs), particularly in IH, remains understudied. We analyzed 25 steroids and 18 EDs in plasma samples from women with IH, PCOS, and controls using LC-MS/MS. Cytokine levels and metabolic parameters were assessed. Comparisons included non-obese women with PCOS (n = 10), women with IH (n = 12) and controls (n = 20), and non-obese versus obese women with PCOS (n = 9). Higher levels of 11-oxygenated androgens were observed in women with PCOS compared to those with IH, but not controls. Conversely, 11-oxygenated androgen levels were lower in women with IH compared to controls. Cytokine levels did not differ between women with IH and controls. Bisphenol A (BPA) levels were higher in obese women with PCOS compared to non-obese women with PCOS. Bisphenol S occurrence was higher in women with PCOS (90%) compared to controls (65%) and IH (50%). Significant correlations were found between androgens (11-ketotestosterone, androstenedione, testosterone) and insulin and HOMA-IR, as well as between immunomodulatory 7-oxygenated metabolites of DHEA and nine interleukins. Our data confirms that PCOS is a multiendocrine gland disorder. Higher BPA levels in obese women might exacerbate metabolic abnormalities. IH was not confirmed as an inflammatory state, and no differences in BPA levels suggest BPA does not play a role in IH pathogenesis.

• Klíčová slova
• 11-hydroxytestosterone, 11-ketotestosterone, 11-oxygenated androgen, bisphenol A, bisphenol S, endocrine disruptor, idiopathic hirsutism, polycystic ovary syndrome,
• MeSH
• androgeny * krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny krev   MeSH
• cytokiny krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory * krev   MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• hirzutismus * krev   etiologie   chemicky indukované   MeSH
• hyperandrogenismus krev   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• obezita krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• syndrom polycystických ovarií * krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• androgeny * MeSH
• benzhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
• bisphenol A MeSH Prohlížeč
• cytokiny MeSH
• endokrinní disruptory * MeSH
• fenoly MeSH

Recent molecular biology findings have shown that for the penetration of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus into host cells, a key role is played by protease serine 2, the activity of which is dependent on androgens. The important role of androgens is also evidenced by clinical observations that men in some age categories are infected by this novel coronavirus up to two times more frequently than women. In addition, men with androgenic alopecia tend to have more serious clinical courses, while men with androgen deprivation as a result of prostate cancer treatments tend to have milder courses. This is in line with the fact that preadolescent children are only rarely sickened with serious forms of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Even though these observations may be explained by other factors, many authors have hypothesized that lowered androgen levels and blocking their activity using anti-androgen medication may moderate the course of the viral infection in intermediately- to critically-affected cases. Clearly, it would be important for androgen deprivation to block not just gonadal androgens, but also adrenal androgens. On the other hand, low androgen levels are considered to be a risk factor for the course of SARS-CoV-2 infections, either because low androgen levels have a general effect on anabolic-catabolic equilibrium and energy metabolism, or because of the ability of testosterone to modify the immune system. It is not yet clear if infection with this novel coronavirus might induce hypogonadism, leading to undesirable side effects on male fertility.

• MeSH
• androgeny metabolismus   MeSH
• COVID-19 metabolismus   patofyziologie   virologie   MeSH
• fertilita MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• interakce hostitele a patogenu MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužská infertilita metabolismus   patofyziologie   virologie   MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony metabolismus   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 patogenita   MeSH
• sexuální faktory MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• androgeny MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony MeSH

Androgens represent the main hormones responsible for maintaining hormonal balance and function in the prostate and testis. As they are involved in prostate and testicular carcinogenesis, more detailed information of their active concentration at the site of action is required. Since the introduction of the term intracrinology as the local formation of active steroid hormones from inactive precursors of the adrenal gland, mainly dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-S, it is evident that blood circulating levels of sex steroid hormones need not reflect their actual concentrations in the tissue. Here, we review and critically evaluate available methods for the analysis of human intraprostatic and intratesticular steroid concentrations. Since analytical approaches have much in common in both tissues, we discuss them together. Preanalytical steps, including various techniques for separation of the analytes, are compared, followed by the end-point measurement. Advantages and disadvantages of chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS, GC-MS), immunoanalytical methods (IA), and hybrid (LC-IA) are discussed. Finally, the clinical information value of the determined steroid hormones is evaluated concerning differentiating between patients with cancer or benign hyperplasia and between patients with different degrees of infertility. Adrenal-derived 11-oxygenated androgens are mentioned as perspective prognostic markers for these purposes.

• Klíčová slova
• androgens, biomarkers, cancer, determination, disease prediction, methods, prostate, testes,
• MeSH
• androgeny metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nadledviny metabolismus   MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony metabolismus   MeSH
• prostata metabolismus   MeSH
• steroidy metabolismus   MeSH
• testis metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• androgeny MeSH
• pohlavní steroidní hormony MeSH
• steroidy MeSH