The extracellular level of brefeldin A fluctuates with the length of malonate inhibition. Following treatment with malonate, mycelial multiplication as opposed to brefeldin A formation, was preferentially increased in the maleate, fumarate, succinate, citrate, methyl palmitate and glucose replacement cultures. Competitive maleate--malonate, fumarate--malonate, succinate--malonate and citrate--malonate-inhibited replacement cultures gave significantly higher mycelial and brefeldin A yields than the sole malonate-inhibited replacement cultures.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents biosynthesis   MeSH
• Brefeldin A MeSH
• Cyclopentanes biosynthesis   MeSH
• Carboxylic Acids metabolism   MeSH
• Malonates pharmacology   MeSH
• Mitosporic Fungi drug effects   growth & development   metabolism   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Brefeldin A MeSH
• Cyclopentanes MeSH
• Carboxylic Acids MeSH
• Malonates MeSH

Extracellular brefeldin A was detected in 4% glucose--peptone--mineral salts cultures of Curvularia lunata at the start of the exponential growth phase. Some fluctuations in brefeldin A levels occurred during the exponential growth phase followed by a significant reduction in level at the stationary growth phase. Broth glucose levels decreased according to a sigmoid relationship with time whereas broth pH remained fairly constant during the exponential growth phase followed by a gradual increase into the stationary growth phase. Mycelial brefeldin A levels were low throughout the various growth phases. The principal fatty acids present in decreasing order during the exponential growth phase were linoleic, oleic and palmitic acids. However, the content of linoleic acid was significantly reduced at the onset and during the stationary growth phase.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents biosynthesis   MeSH
• Brefeldin A MeSH
• Cyclopentanes biosynthesis   MeSH
• Glucose metabolism   MeSH
• Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MeSH
• Culture Media MeSH
• Fatty Acids, Nonesterified metabolism   MeSH
• Mitosporic Fungi growth & development   metabolism   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Brefeldin A MeSH
• Cyclopentanes MeSH
• Glucose MeSH
• Culture Media MeSH
• Fatty Acids, Nonesterified MeSH

Malonate exerted a stronger inhibitory effect on brefeldin A production than on mycelia growth in cultures of Curvularia lunata especially at inhibitory levels of 100 to 200 mM. The extent of 200 mM malonate inhibition of growth and brefeldin A production was greater in cultures treated with malonate prior to inoculation than those treated following 5 days after inoculation. Maleate at levels of 40 to 220 mM activated brefeldin A formation in cultures though exerting variable effects on mycelia growth.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents biosynthesis   MeSH
• Cyclopentanes metabolism   MeSH
• Maleates metabolism   MeSH
• Malonates metabolism   MeSH
• Mitosporic Fungi growth & development   metabolism   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Comparative Study MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Cyclopentanes MeSH
• Maleates MeSH
• Malonates MeSH

Cultures incorporated with increasing quantities of brefeldin A in the form of crude extracts of fungal metabolites prior to inoculation demonstrated reduced growth rate and no significant increase in brefeldin A content. On the other hand, cultures incubated with increasing levels of actinomycin D on the 8th day of cultivation showed slight stimulation of brefeldin A formation with insignificant effect on growth.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents biosynthesis   pharmacology   MeSH
• Cyclopentanes biosynthesis   pharmacology   MeSH
• Dactinomycin pharmacology   MeSH
• Glucose metabolism   MeSH
• Mitosporic Fungi drug effects   growth & development   metabolism   MeSH
• Mycotoxins biosynthesis   pharmacology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Cyclopentanes MeSH
• Dactinomycin MeSH
• Glucose MeSH
• Mycotoxins MeSH

Arsenite as opposed to azide exerted a stronger inhibitory effect on brefeldin A production than on mycelial growth of cultures of Curvularia lunata. However, azide was a more potent inhibitor of mycelial growth than arsenite at 0.5 mM and 1.0 mM. The inhibitory effects of iodoacetate on growth and brefeldin A formation were significantly less potent than those of iosoacetamide. Increases in the levels of fluoride elicited a variable inhibitory effect on brefeldin A production and a corresponding decrease in biomass.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents biosynthesis   MeSH
• Antimetabolites pharmacology   MeSH
• Arsenic pharmacology   MeSH
• Azides pharmacology   MeSH
• Cyclopentanes biosynthesis   MeSH
• Fluorides pharmacology   MeSH
• Glucose metabolism   MeSH
• Iodoacetamide pharmacology   MeSH
• Iodoacetates pharmacology   MeSH
• Mitosporic Fungi drug effects   growth & development   metabolism   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Anti-Bacterial Agents MeSH
• Antimetabolites MeSH
• Arsenic MeSH
• Azides MeSH
• Cyclopentanes MeSH
• Fluorides MeSH
• Glucose MeSH
• Iodoacetamide MeSH
• Iodoacetates MeSH