The growing need of highly potent anticancer agents has stimulated the investigation of streptomycetes producing daunomycin-type anthracyclines. This review compares the features of production strains and their mutants and emphasizes the necessity of application of biochemical and biophysical analytical methods for better understanding these microorganisms and, above all, their further improving and practical usage.

• MeSH
• biotransformace MeSH
• daunomycin biosyntéza   dějiny   MeSH
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• protinádorová antibiotika biosyntéza   dějiny   MeSH
• Streptomyces genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dějiny 20. století MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• historické články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• daunomycin MeSH
• protinádorová antibiotika MeSH

Spontaneous variants of the beromycin-producing strain Streptomyces glomeratus 3980 were divided into five groups (A-E) according to increasing antibiotic activity. The most active variants (group E) differed from the other types and the wild strain by a suppressed ability to produce aerial mycelium and melanoid piogment and by an increased production of propionic acid. Strains with a 12-fold higher antibiotic production capacity (with respect to strain 3980) were obtained by selection of superior segregants from submerged cultures of the E type.

• MeSH
• antracykliny MeSH
• biologické pigmenty biosyntéza   MeSH
• genetická variace MeSH
• naftaceny biosyntéza   MeSH
• propionáty biosyntéza   MeSH
• protinádorová antibiotika biosyntéza   MeSH
• Streptomyces cytologie   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antracykliny MeSH
• beromycin, anthracycline MeSH Prohlížeč
• biologické pigmenty MeSH
• naftaceny MeSH
• propionáty MeSH
• protinádorová antibiotika MeSH

The ability to transorm biologically exogenous daunomycinone, 13-dihydrodaunomycinone, aklavinone, 7-deoxyaklavinone, epsilon-rhodomycinone, epsilon-isorhodomycinone and epsilon-pyrromycinone was studied in submerged cultures of the following strains: wild Streptomyces coeruleorubidus JA 10092 (W1) and its improved variants 39-146 and 84-17 (type P1) producing glycosides of daunomycinone and of 13-dihydrodaunomycinone, together with epsilon-rhodomycinone, 13-dihydrodaunomycinone and 7-deoxy-13-dihydrodaunomycinone; in five mutant types of S. coeruleorubidus (A, B, C, D, E) blocked in the biosynthesis of glycosides and differing in the production of free anthracyclinones; in the wild Streptomyces galilaeus JA 3043 (W2) and its improved variant G-167 (P2) producing glycosides of epsilon-pyrromycinone and of aklavinone together with 7-deoxy and bisanhydro derivatives of both aglycones; in two mutant types S. galilaeus (F and G) blocked in biosynthesis of glycosides and differing in the occurrence of anthracyclinones. The following bioconversions were observed: daunomycinone leads to 13-dihydrodaunomycinone and 7-deoxy-13-dihydrodaunomycinone (all strains); 13-dihydrodaunomycinone leads to 7-deoxy-13-dihydrodaunomycinone (all strains); daunomycinone or 13-dihydrodaunomycinone leads to glycosides of daunomycinone and of 13-dihydrodaunomycinone, identical with metabolites W1 and P1 (type A), or only a single glycoside of daunomycinone (type E); aklavinone leads to epsilon-rhodomycinone (types A and B); aklaviinone leads to 7-deoxyaklavinone and bisanhydroaklavinone (type C); epsilon-rhodomycinone leads to zeta-rhodomycinone (types C, E); epsilon-rhodomycinone leads to glycosides of epsilon-rhodomycinone (types W2, P2); epsilon-isorhodomycinone leads to glycosides of epsilon-isorhodomycinone (types W2, P2); epsilon-pyrromycinone leads to a glycoside of epsilon-pyrromycinone (types W1, P1). 7-Deoxyaklavinone remained intact in all tests. Exogenous daunomycinone suppressed the biosynthesis of its own glycosides in W1 and P1; it simultaneously increased the production of epsilon-rhodomycinone in P1.

• MeSH
• biotransformace MeSH
• daunomycin analogy a deriváty   metabolismus   MeSH
• Streptomyces metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• daunomycin MeSH

The wild strain Streptomyces coeruleorubidus JA 10092 was found to segregate into two spontaneous morphological variants (spo-1 and bld-1) with a different ability to form aerial mycelium in media with glucose as the main carbon source. Six new types of developmental mutants were obtained from the bald variant bld-1 after treatment with mutagens (UV light, gamma radiation, nitrous acid) and after natural selection. Formation of the aerial mycelium was fully suppressed in the bld-2 type growing on media both with glucose and with starch. The other types were bald only on starch media, forming the aerial mycelium on media with glucose; types spo-2, spo-3, spo-4 and spo-5 differed in size, shape and surface structure of spores, the type whi formed asporogenous aerial hyphae.

• MeSH
• aminoglykosidy biosyntéza   MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• mutace * MeSH
• selekce (genetika) MeSH
• škrob metabolismus   MeSH
• spory bakteriální růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Streptomyces genetika   růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aminoglykosidy MeSH
• glukosa MeSH
• škrob MeSH

Mutants of Streptomyces coeruleorubidus, blocked in the biosynthesis of anthracycline antibiotics of the daunomycine complex, were isolated from the production strains after treatment with UV light, gamma-radiation, nitrous acid, and after natural selection; according to their different biosynthetic activity the mutants were divided into five phenotypic groups. Mutants of two of these groups produced compounds that had not yet been described in Streptomyces coeruleorubidus (aklavinone, 7-deoxyaklavinone, zeta-rhodomycinone and glycosides of epsilon-rhodomycinone). The mutants differed from the parent strains and also mutually in morphological characteristics but no direct correlation between these changes and the biosynthetic activity could be observed in most cases.

• MeSH
• anthrachinony biosyntéza   MeSH
• daunomycin biosyntéza   MeSH
• glykosidy biosyntéza   MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• Streptomyces cytologie   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anthrachinony MeSH
• daunomycin MeSH
• glykosidy MeSH