After a ban on the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in farm animals in the European Union in 2006, an interest in alternative products with antibacterial or anti-inflammatory properties has increased. In this study, we therefore tested the effects of extracts from Curcuma longa and Scutellaria baicalensis used as feed additives against cecal inflammation induced by heat stress or Salmonella Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) infection in chickens. Curcuma extract alone was not enough to decrease gut inflammation induced by heat stress. However, a mixture of Curcuma and Scutellaria extracts used as feed additives decreased gut inflammation induced by heat or S. Enteritidis, decreased S. Enteritidis counts in the cecum but was of no negative effect on BW or humoral immune response. Using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA we found out that supplementation of feed with the 2 plant extracts had no effect on microbiota diversity. However, if the plant extract supplementation was provided to the chickens infected with S. Enteritidis, Faecalibacterium, and Lactobacillus, both bacterial genera with known positive effects on gut health were positively selected. The supplementation of chicken feed with extracts from Curcuma and Scutelleria thus may be used in poultry production to effectively decrease gut inflammation and increase chicken performance.
- Klíčová slova
- Curcuma, Salmonella, Scutellaria, chicken, feed, flavonoid, inflammation,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- antiflogistika aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- Curcuma chemie MeSH
- dieta veterinární MeSH
- krmivo pro zvířata analýza MeSH
- kur domácí * MeSH
- mikrobiota účinky léků MeSH
- nemoci drůbeže farmakoterapie imunologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- potravní doplňky analýza MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- Salmonella enteritidis účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- salmonelová infekce u zvířat farmakoterapie mikrobiologie MeSH
- šišák chemie MeSH
- zánět farmakoterapie veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- antiflogistika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
OBJECTIVES: In this study we examined the in vitro synergistic effect of baicalin, the flavone constituent of Scutellaria spp., in combinations with oxytetracycline and tetracycline on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. METHODS: The MICs were determined by the broth microdilution method and the effect of combinations was evaluated according to the sum of fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs). RESULTS: Synergistic activity (FICI ≤ 0.5) was observed for combinations of baicalin with oxytetracycline or tetracycline against 4 of 10 strains tested, whereas the baicalin/oxytetracycline combination possessed the strongest synergistic effect (FICI = 0.418). CONCLUSIONS: Baicalin acts synergistically with oxytetracycline and tetracycline, enhancing its antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, including methicillin- and tetracycline-resistant strains.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- flavonoidy izolace a purifikace farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- oxytetracyklin farmakologie MeSH
- šišák chemie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus účinky léků MeSH
- synergismus léků * MeSH
- tetracyklin farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- baicalin MeSH Prohlížeč
- flavonoidy MeSH
- oxytetracyklin MeSH
- tetracyklin MeSH
This work focused on the cultivation of S. baicalensis Georgii in vitro cultures and on the possibilities of increasing the production of secondary metabolites in these cultures. The aim of the Sstudy was to determine whether the baicalin transport through vacuolar membrane is dependent on the presence of Mg-ATP. Our results showed that Mg-ATP had a significant effect on the ratio of baicalin and baicalein content and on the transport speed of these flavonoids. Therefore, the transport mechanism for baicalin are probably some of the MRP proteins which are the subfamily of the ABC transporte
- MeSH
- adenosintrifosfát farmakologie MeSH
- flavanony biosyntéza MeSH
- flavonoidy biosyntéza MeSH
- kořeny rostlin MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- methylenová modř farmakologie MeSH
- peroxid vodíku farmakologie MeSH
- šišák bajkalský metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- adenosintrifosfát MeSH
- baicalein MeSH Prohlížeč
- baicalin MeSH Prohlížeč
- flavanony MeSH
- flavonoidy MeSH
- methylenová modř MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
The production of secondary metabolites by plant cell cultures has been suggested as a feasible technology that attracted considerable industrial and academic interest in the past three decades. However, many secondary pathways are not well expressed in plant cell cultures. Optimization of culture medium, elicitation, genetic engineering and the supply of biosynthetic precursors are among the strategies adopted to increase secondary metabolite production in vitro. In this study, the effects of five potential biosynthetic precursors on the production of baicalin and baicalein in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgii suspension and callus cultures were measured. The results of this work show that flavonoid biosynthesis was most stimulated by the addition of sodium cinnamate in the concentration of 5 mg x l(-1) and by cinnamic acid (1 mg x l(-1)). Feeding with L-phenylalanine, malonic acid and sodium malonate did not induce changes in the amounts of flavonoids, and the biomass production was not affected.
- MeSH
- buněčné kultury MeSH
- cinnamáty farmakologie MeSH
- flavonoidy biosyntéza MeSH
- šišák bajkalský metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- cinnamáty MeSH
- flavonoidy MeSH
The content of the main flavonoids in the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi cultivated in Central Europe was evaluated using the new simple RP-HPLC method with gradient of acetonitrile in mobile phase. The main components of the roots were baicalin (8.12% of dry root mass) and wogonin glucuronide (2.52%). The content of flavonoids was comparable with the content in plants cultivated in natural localities. Five main flavonoids were evaluated for their scavenging ability with DPPH radical-generating system and due to limited solubility only two flavonoids were investigated for their ability to scavenge hydroxyl radical by the aromatic hydroxylation method. The total extract was also tested in both the experimental arrangements. In experiments with DPPH, only baicalin and baicalein displayed a significant scavenging effect, while the production of OH radicals generated by UV photolysis of H(2)O(2) was considerable decreased in the presence of baicalin and wogonin glucuronide. After comparison with results obtained for the total extract, it was concluded, that the scavenging activity of the extract against DPPH is mainly derived from baicalin. On the other hand, baicalin, wogonin glucuronide and probably other flavonoids participate in scavenging OH radical.
- MeSH
- bifenylové sloučeniny MeSH
- flavanony * MeSH
- flavonoidy aplikace a dávkování chemie farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- fytoterapie * MeSH
- glukuronidy chemie MeSH
- hydroxylový radikál MeSH
- inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
- kořeny rostlin MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pikráty MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty aplikace a dávkování farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů aplikace a dávkování farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- šišák bajkalský * MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
- Názvy látek
- 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl MeSH Prohlížeč
- baicalin MeSH Prohlížeč
- bifenylové sloučeniny MeSH
- flavanony * MeSH
- flavonoidy MeSH
- glukuronidy MeSH
- hydroxylový radikál MeSH
- pikráty MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- scavengery volných radikálů MeSH
- wogonin-7-glucuronide MeSH Prohlížeč
The scullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi) is a medicinal plant of traditional Chinese medicine and the drug--Scutellariae radix--is, because of its antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antiallergic, and sedative properties, the subject of intensive development. This paper reports the results of pharmacological-toxicological studies of this drug and its flavonids approximately from the year 1990 till the year 2001. The results confirm the validity of traditional use and at the same time indicate that some flavonoids have more utilizable therapeutic effects. Mainly baicalein seems to be a prospective medicine for the treatment of some kinds of cancer.
- MeSH
- flavonoidy izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- léčivé rostliny * chemie MeSH
- léky rostlinné čínské MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- šišák bajkalský * chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- anglický abstrakt MeSH
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- flavonoidy MeSH
- léky rostlinné čínské MeSH
