BRN2 Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a nodal point in melanoma transcriptional network that regulates dozens of genes with critical functions in cell differentiation, proliferation and survival. Highly variable MITF expression levels exist in tumor cell subpopulations conferring marked heterogeneity and plasticity in the tumor tissue. A model has been postulated whereby lower MITF levels favour cell invasion and suppress proliferation, whereas high levels stimulate differentiation and proliferation. Additionally, MITF is considered to be a prosurvival gene and a lineage addiction oncogene in melanoma. Herein, we review how MITF expression may affect the melanoma phenotype with consequences on the survival, invasion and metastasis of melanoma cells, and we discuss the research challenges.
- Klíčová slova
- BRN2, GLI2, SOX2, melanoma, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor,
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- biologické modely MeSH
- epitelo-mezenchymální tranzice MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- faktory domény POU metabolismus MeSH
- homeodoménové proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- invazivní růst nádoru MeSH
- jaderné proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- MAP kinasový signální systém MeSH
- melanom genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- mikro RNA genetika metabolismus MeSH
- nádorové mikroprostředí MeSH
- nádory kůže genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- proliferace buněk MeSH
- protein Gli2 s motivem zinkových prstů MeSH
- RNA nádorová genetika metabolismus MeSH
- stabilita proteinů MeSH
- transkripční faktor spojený s mikroftalmií genetika metabolismus MeSH
- transkripční faktory Krüppel-like metabolismus MeSH
- transkripční faktory SOXB1 metabolismus MeSH
- viabilita buněk MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- faktory domény POU MeSH
- GLI2 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- homeodoménové proteiny MeSH
- jaderné proteiny MeSH
- mikro RNA MeSH
- MITF protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- protein Gli2 s motivem zinkových prstů MeSH
- RNA nádorová MeSH
- SOX2 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- transcription factor Brn-2 MeSH Prohlížeč
- transkripční faktor spojený s mikroftalmií MeSH
- transkripční faktory Krüppel-like MeSH
- transkripční faktory SOXB1 MeSH
Transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into induced neuronal cells (iNs) by the neuron-specific transcription factors Brn2, Myt1l, and Ascl1 is a paradigmatic example of inter-lineage conversion across epigenetically distant cells. Despite tremendous progress regarding the transcriptional hierarchy underlying transdifferentiation, the enablers of the concomitant epigenome resetting remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of KMT2A and KMT2B, two histone H3 lysine 4 methylases with cardinal roles in development, through individual and combined inactivation. We found that Kmt2b, whose human homolog's mutations cause dystonia, is selectively required for iN conversion through suppression of the alternative myocyte program and induction of neuronal maturation genes. The identification of KMT2B-vulnerable targets allowed us, in turn, to expose, in a cohort of 225 patients, 45 unique variants in 39 KMT2B targets, which represent promising candidates to dissect the molecular bases of dystonia.
- Klíčová slova
- KMT2B, MLL2, cell fate conversion, dystonia, epigenetics, histone H3 lysine 4 methylation, induced neuronal cells, mouse embryonic fibroblasts, myocytes, transdifferentiation,
- MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace genetika MeSH
- dystonie genetika MeSH
- embryo savčí cytologie MeSH
- epigeneze genetická MeSH
- fibroblasty cytologie MeSH
- genetické asociační studie * MeSH
- histonlysin-N-methyltransferasa metabolismus MeSH
- histony metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lysin metabolismus MeSH
- metylace MeSH
- myši knockoutované MeSH
- neurony metabolismus patologie MeSH
- protoonkogenní protein MLL metabolismus MeSH
- transdiferenciace buněk * genetika MeSH
- transkriptom genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- histonlysin-N-methyltransferasa MeSH
- histony MeSH
- Kmt2a protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- KMT2B protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- Kmt2d protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- lysin MeSH
- protoonkogenní protein MLL MeSH