Faunistic studies of stoneflies (Plecoptera) in Iraq are almost nonexistent. This article records the order Plecoptera in Iraq for the first time, based on adult specimens of three species: Leuctra fusca (Linnaeus, 1758), Protonemura bacurianica Zhiltzova, 1957 and Pontoperla cf. teberdinica (Balinsky, 1950), belonging to three different families: Leuctridae, Nemouridae, and Chloroperlidae, respectively. The specimens were collected from the eastern and northeastern mountain streams of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region in November 2020 and May 2022.

• MeSH
• hmyz * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novokřídlí * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák MeSH

Evolution of groundwater geochemistry in the Sulaimani-Warmawa Sub-basin in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq has been investigated using hydrogeochemical and isotopic methods. This is a semiarid region with seasonal precipitation in winter. Water chemistry generally evolves from Ca-HCO3 groundwater type close to the basin boundaries towards Ca-Mg-HCO3 groundwater type close to the Tanjero River along the axis of the basin. Some samples have increased concentrations of Na, Cl, and SO4 as a consequence of dissolution of halite and gypsum embedded in carbonates. Values of pH are slightly alkaline or alkaline, and redox parameters indicate a moderately reducing environment. Isotopes δ2H and δ18O indicate recharge from winter precipitation with no evaporation. Values of dissolved 13C(DIC) correspond to equilibrium with carbonates and C4 plants as the source of CO2. Values of 87Sr/86Sr in groundwater are in a good agreement with carbonate dissolution as a principal process. The principal geogenic contaminant is Ba with concentrations up to 0.383 mg/L. Dissolved concentrations of other geogenic contaminants such as As, F, Mn, and Cr are low or below the detection limit as expected based on their low contents in carbonate rocks. Inverse geochemical modeling on selected profiles calibrated using δ13C values provided mass transfer coefficients for possible geochemical reactions. Future work should focus on interactions in the hyporheic zone of the Tanjero River.

• Klíčová slova
• Clastic aquifer, Environmental isotopes, Geochemical modeling, Kurdistan Region of Iraq,
• MeSH
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * analýza   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• podzemní voda * chemie   MeSH
• uhličitany analýza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chemické látky znečišťující vodu * MeSH
• uhličitany MeSH

In addition to the three so far known species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 from West Palaearctic region, P. pennigerum (Müller, 1785), P. oronti Alouf, 1977 and P. orhanelicum Dalkıran, 2009, two new species are described based on larvae. Prosopistoma helenae sp. n. has been found in Iraq (Tigris River in Mosul) and Prosopistoma alaini sp. n. in Algeria (Oued Isser, Sidi Abdelli). Critical distinguishing characters of all West-Palaearctic species of Prosopistoma are discussed in detail.

• MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• Ephemeroptera anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• larva anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Alžírsko MeSH
• Irák MeSH

Gyrodactylus aff. mugili Zhukov, 1970 (Monogenoidea: Gyrodactylidae) is recorded and described from the gill lamellae of 11 of 35 greenback mullet, Chelon subviridis (Valenciennes) (minimum prevalence 31%), from the brackish waters of the Shatt Al-Arab Estuary in southern Iraq. The gyrodactylid was also found on the gill lamellae of one of eight Speigler's mullet, Valamugil speigleri (Bleeker), from the brackish waters of the Shatt Al-Basrah Canal (minimum prevalence 13%). Fifteen Klunzinger's mullet, Liza klunzingeri (Day), and 13 keeled mullet, Liza carinata (Valenciennes), collected and examined from southern Iraqi waters, were apparently uninfected. The gyrodactylids from the greenback mullet and Speigler's mullet were considered to have affinity to G. mugili Zhukov, 1970, and along with G. mugili may represent members of a species complex occurring on mullets in the Indo-Pacific Region. A single damaged gyrodactylid from the external surfaces of the abu mullet, Liza abu (Heckel), was insufficient for species identification. Previously identified species of Gyrodactylus recorded on L. abu in Iraq by various authors were considered possible misidentifications or accidental infections.

• MeSH
• infekce červy třídy Trematoda epidemiologie   parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• ploštěnci anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• Smegmamorpha parazitologie   MeSH
• žábry parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák epidemiologie   MeSH

Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) zabensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) is described from Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes, 1842) (type host) and Capoeta trutta (Heckel, 1843) in the Greater and Lesser Zab Rivers, northern Iraq. The new species is unique among all other species of the genus by its characteristic paired para-vaginal muscular appendage and fragmented giant nuclei in the lemnisci. Eleven of the other 88 valid species of Neoechinorhynchus and N. zabensis have middle and posterior hooks of equal length. However, N. zabensis is distinguished from the others by size of trunk, proboscis, proboscis hooks and lemnisci, number of giant nuclei, position of female gonopore, and geographical and host distribution. It is also distinguished from six other species of Neoechinorhynchus previously reported from Iraq. Other distinguishing features are also included.

• MeSH
• Acanthocephala anatomie a histologie   klasifikace   MeSH
• Cyprinidae parazitologie   MeSH
• helmintózy zvířat parazitologie   MeSH
• nemoci ryb parazitologie   MeSH
• sladká voda MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák MeSH

Recent examinations of some marine fishes from off the southern coast of Iraq revealed the presence of two new species of Dichelyne (Dichelyne) Jägerskiöld, 1902 (Nematoda: Cucullanidae), both intestinal parasites, namely: D. (D.) lethrini n. sp. from the smalltooth emperor Lethrinus microdon Valenciennes (Lethrinidae, Acanthuriformes) and D. (D.) iraqiensis n. sp. from the humphead snapper Lutjanus sanguineus (Cuvier) (Lutjanidae, Acanthuriformes). Specimens are described and illustrated based on light and scanning electron microscopical examinations. Dichelyne (D.) lethrini n. sp. is mainly characterised by the length of spicules (522 µm), presence of a dorsal caecum, location of deirids at the level of the posterior end of oesophagus and the post-oesophageal position of the excretory pore, number (10 pairs) and distribution of caudal papillae in the male, and the presence of two minute terminal spines on the female tail tip. Dichelyne (D.) iraqiensis n. sp. differs from the species of the subgenus Dichelyne mainly based on the absence of caudal spines, the presence of a dorsal caecum, the length of spicules (789-884 µm), the location of deirids and the excretory pore approximately at the same level, and the size of eggs (72-78 × 42-51 µm). These new species infecting marine fishes in Iraq represent new geographic records of cucullanids of the subgenus Dichelyne from fishes in marine waters off Iraq.

• MeSH
• Ascaridida * MeSH
• druhová specificita MeSH
• hlístice * MeSH
• mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
• nemoci ryb * parazitologie   MeSH
• Perciformes * parazitologie   MeSH
• ryby parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák MeSH

Abstract: A new species of lamproglenine copepods, Pseudolamproglena boxshalli sp. n., is described from gills of the cyprinid fish Cyprinion macrostomum Heckel from the Tigris River in Tikreet, north of Baghdad, Iraq. This is the second species of Pseudolamproglena from Iraq and the fourth in the world. It differs from its three congeners mainly in the armature ofantennule, maxilla, maxilliped, legs 1-4 and caudal ramus.

• MeSH
• Cyprinidae * MeSH
• korýši anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• nemoci ryb epidemiologie   parazitologie   MeSH
• řeky * MeSH
• žábry parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák epidemiologie   MeSH

Based on a recent field survey in Iraqi Kurdistan and a critical evaluation of previously published data, 37 mayfly species are listed as occurring in Iraq. We collected and identified nine species as new for the country and corrected some previously published records. For several species scarcely treated in the literature, we provide information allowing their identification in the larval stage to promote the acquisition of reliable faunistic data from Iraq in the future.

• Klíčová slova
• Ephemeroptera, Iraq, Middle East, aquatic biodiversity, mayflies,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• altruismus MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• rány a poranění epidemiologie   MeSH
• Světová zdravotnická organizace MeSH
• vedení války MeSH
• veřejné zdravotnictví - praxe * MeSH
• vybavení a zásoby nemocnice zásobování a distribuce   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák epidemiologie   MeSH

The freshwaters of Iraq harbour a high diversity of endemic and phylogenetically unique species. One of the most diversified fish groups in this region is cyprinoids, and although their distribution is relatively well known, their monogenean parasites have only rarely been investigated. Herein, we applied an integrative approach, combining morphology with molecular data, to assess the diversity and phylogeny of cyprinoid-associated monogenean parasites. A total of 33 monogenean species were collected and identified from 13 endemic cyprinoid species. The highest species diversity was recorded for Dactylogyrus (Dactylogyridae, 16 species) and Gyrodactylus (Gyrodactylidae, 12 species). Four species of Dactylogyrus and 12 species of Gyrodactylus were identified as new to science and described. Two other genera, Dogielius (Dactylogyridae) and Paradiplozoon (Diplozoidae), were represented only by 4 and 1 species, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of the Dactylogyrus and Gyrodactylus species revealed that the local congeners do not form a monophyletic group and are phylogenetically closely related to species from other regions (i.e. Europe, North Africa and Eastern Asia). These findings support the assumption that the Middle East served as an important historical crossroads for the interchange of fauna between these 3 geographic regions.

• Klíčová slova
• Cyprinoidei, Dactylogyrus, Dogielius, Gyrodactylus, Middle East, Paradiplozoon, phylogeny, species diversity,
• MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• ryby MeSH
• Trematoda * genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Irák epidemiologie   MeSH
• severní Afrika MeSH
• Střední východ MeSH