• Klíčová slova
• CEREBROSPINAL FLUID PROTEINS *, MENTAL DISORDERS *,
• MeSH
• duševní poruchy * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH
• psychotické poruchy * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• CEREBROSPINAL FLUID *, PROTEINS/in cerebrospinal fluid *,
• MeSH
• elektroforéza na papíru * MeSH
• mozkomíšní mok * MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• CEREBROSPINAL FLUID *, PROTEINS/in cerebrospinal fluid *,
• MeSH
• elektroforéza * MeSH
• mozkomíšní mok * MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been extensively studied to explore biochemical alterations in subjects with neurodegenerative disorders. In Alzheimer's disease, levels of increased CSF tau protein and decreased levels of β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ42) have been shown to correlate with brain plaque formation and tangle pathology. Intracellular Lewy inclusions containing aggregated α-synuclein (α-syn) represent a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD). In most - but not all - studies published to date total CSF α-syn concentrations have been found to be decreased in disorders related to α-syn pathology, that is, PD, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy. However, these reports show extensive signal overlap among tested individuals, thereby diminishing its potential for routine use in clinical practice. To investigate potential biological (i.e., non-technical) confounders of reported CSF levels for α-syn, Aβ42, and tau in PD and related disorders, we carried out a methodical review of known factors that underlie signal variability and speculate on those that have not yet been tested. We discuss several biological factors, such as neuropathology, demographics, clinical phenotype, progression and duration of disease, concomitant illnesses and, last but not least, pharmacotherapy, which in isolation or combination can substantially alter values for CSF proteins of interest. Enhanced implementation of standardized clinical protocols, streamlined operating procedures, and further progress in the development of validated assays for CSF proteins have the potential to (i) inform us as to the pathogenesis of disease, (ii) support the laboratory-based diagnosis for symptomatic subjects in the future, and (iii) facilitate breakthrough therapies to alter the course of neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD and Alzheimer's disease. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been extensively studied to explore biochemical alterations in subjects with neurodegenerative disorders. To investigate potential biological confounders of reported CSF levels for α-synuclein (α-Syn), amyloid-β 1-42(Aβ42) and tau protein in Parkinson's disease and related disorders, we reviewed the current literature for known factors that underlie signal variability and speculate on those that have not yet been tested. This article is part of a special issue on Parkinson disease.

• Klíčová slova
• Parkinson's disease, cerebrospinal fluid biomarker, confounding, dementia, factors, neuropathology, tau-protein, α-synuclein, β-amyloid,
• MeSH
• alfa-synuklein mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• amyloidní beta-protein mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• biologické markery mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• klinické zkoušky jako téma metody   MeSH
• kognitivní poruchy mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Parkinsonova nemoc mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   MeSH
• peptidové fragmenty mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• proteiny tau mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alfa-synuklein MeSH
• amyloid beta-protein (1-42) MeSH Prohlížeč
• amyloidní beta-protein MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• peptidové fragmenty MeSH
• proteiny tau MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku MeSH

Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) mean for the human organism a potentially dangerous situation. An investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides important information about a character of CNS impairment in the decision-making diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm. The authors present a brief overview of available cerebrospinal fluid assays, shortened indication criteria, a recommended algorithm of CSF assessment in different suspected diseases, and a view of the external quality system. The whole portfolio of obtainable CSF methodology is further subdivided according to the adequate choice into the first and inevitable basic routine panel, and following complicated analyses of highly specialized character. The basic panel is considered for standard laboratories, the complete specialized assessment should be provided by a super-consulting laboratory.

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• cytologické techniky MeSH
• klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• makrofágy MeSH
• mozkomíšní mok chemie   cytologie   MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku analýza   MeSH
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• CEREBROSPINAL FLUID *, ELECTROPHORESIS *, PROTEINS/in cerebrospinal fluid *,
• MeSH
• elektroforéza na papíru * MeSH
• elektroforéza * MeSH
• mozkomíšní mok * MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• EPILEPSY/cerebrospinal fluid in *, EREBROSPINAL FLUID *, PROTEINS/in cerebrospinal fluid *,
• MeSH
• anorganické látky * MeSH
• cerebrosidy * MeSH
• epilepsie mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH
• tělesné tekutiny * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anorganické látky * MeSH
• cerebrosidy * MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku * MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• GLYCOPROTEINS/cerebrospinal fluid *,
• MeSH
• glykoproteiny mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glykoproteiny MeSH

AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels of neurocytoskeletal proteins and their ratios for the diagnosis of dementias and to assess the differences in neurocytoskeletal proteins between neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. METHODS: CSF and serum levels of neurofilament light subunits (NFL) and neurofilament heavy subunits (NFH) as well as CSF levels of total tau (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) proteins were determined using ELISA in 20 Alzheimer's disease patients (AD group), 13 patients with other dementias (OD group), 17 patients with inflammatory aseptic neuro-infections (IP), and 20 aged-matched cognitively normal elderly persons (NC group). RESULTS: The ratio CSF p-tau/t-tau was significantly higher in the NC group than that in the AD or OD groups (P<0.0005 for each group). The CSF NFH/p-tau and CSF NFL/p-tau ratios were significantly lower in AD patients than OD patients (P≤0.003). Serum and CSF NFL and CSF NFH levels were significantly higher in OD patients than AD patients (P≤0.03). The lowest values of the CSF NFL/NFH ratio were found in the IP group and they significantly differed from those in normal controls (P<0.0001) and any dementia group (IP vs. AD P<0.0001; IP vs. OD P=0.03). CONCLUSION: CSF tau proteins and their index differentiated between AD or OD patients and cognitively normal subjects, while CSF levels of neurofilaments expressed as their index seem to contribute to the discrimination between patients with neuroinflammation and normal controls or AD patients.

• Klíčová slova
• Alzheimer's disease, cerebrospinal fluid, cytoskeletal proteins, dementias, neurofilaments, neuroinflammation, serum, tau protein,
• MeSH
• bílá hmota MeSH
• biologické markery krev   mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• demence krev   mozkomíšní mok   patologie   MeSH
• intermediární filamenta MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurofilamentové proteiny krev   mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• proteiny tau krev   mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• zánět krev   mozkomíšní mok   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• neurofilamentové proteiny MeSH
• proteiny tau MeSH

PURPOSE: The lack of reliable diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers for multiple sclerosis (MS) is the major obstacle to timely and accurate patient diagnosis in MS patients. To identify new proteins associated with MS we performed a detailed proteomic analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients newly diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and healthy controls. MATERIAL: Reflecting significantly higher prevalence of MS in women we included only women patients and controls in the study. To eliminate a potential effect of therapy on the CSF composition, only the therapy-naïve patients were included. METHODS: Pooled CSF samples were processed in a technical duplicate, and labeled with stable-isotope coded TMT tags. To maximize the proteome coverage, peptide fractionation using 2D-LC preceded mass analysis using Orbitrap Fusion Tribrid Mass Spectrometer. Differential concentration of selected identified proteins between patients and controls was verified using specific antibodies. RESULTS: Of the identified 900 CSF proteins, we found 69 proteins to be differentially abundant between patients and controls. In addition to several proteins identified as differentially abundant in MS patients previously, we observed several linked to MS for the first time, namely eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and Nogo receptor. CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm differential abundance of several previously proposed protein markers, and provide indirect support for involvement of copper-iron disbalance in MS. Most importantly, we identified two new differentially abundant CSF proteins that seem to be directly connected with myelin loss and axonal damage via TLR2 signaling and Nogo-receptor pathway in women newly diagnosed with RRMS.

• Klíčová slova
• Multiple sclerosis, Nogo, TLR2, cerebrospinal fluid, copper, iron, markers, proteomics,
• MeSH
• biologické markery mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mozkomíšní mok chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• proteom analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteomika MeSH
• relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza * diagnóza   MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza * diagnóza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku MeSH
• proteom MeSH