Diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) mean for the human organism a potentially dangerous situation. An investigation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides important information about a character of CNS impairment in the decision-making diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm. The authors present a brief overview of available cerebrospinal fluid assays, shortened indication criteria, a recommended algorithm of CSF assessment in different suspected diseases, and a view of the external quality system. The whole portfolio of obtainable CSF methodology is further subdivided according to the adequate choice into the first and inevitable basic routine panel, and following complicated analyses of highly specialized character. The basic panel is considered for standard laboratories, the complete specialized assessment should be provided by a super-consulting laboratory.

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• cytologické techniky MeSH
• klinické laboratorní techniky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• makrofágy MeSH
• mozkomíšní mok chemie   cytologie   MeSH
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku analýza   MeSH
• směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• proteiny v mozkomíšním moku MeSH

We endeavored to develop a method for viability determination of solventogenic clostridia and to apply it for monitoring acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. Six fluorescent probes (propidium iodide [PI], ethidium bromide, fluorescein diacetate, carboxyfluorescein diacetate [cFDA], rhodamine 123, bis-(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid)trimethine oxonol [BOX]) were tested in order to distinguish two subpopulations of live and dead clostridial cells in suspension. Three of them were found to be appropriate (PI, BOX and cFDA) for this purpose. Developed fluorescent staining methods were applied to batch fermentation processes of Clostridium pasteurianum and C. beijerinckii carried out in a laboratory bioreactor under anaerobic conditions. Whereas PI was found to be applicable to both strains, BOX was convenient only for viability determination of C. pasteurianum. Although cFDA can distinguish two cell subpopulations in suspension, it was found to be unsuitable for viability determination under tested conditions, since it reflected more variable esterase activity during sporulation cell cycle than viability. Flow cytometry in combination with convenient fluorescent probe has been proved to be a valuable tool for viability determination. We assume this rapid and simple method can help to obtain more complex and precise information about ABE fermentation.

• MeSH
• aceton metabolismus   MeSH
• barvení a značení MeSH
• butanoly metabolismus   MeSH
• Clostridium chemie   růst a vývoj   metabolismus   MeSH
• ethanol metabolismus   MeSH
• fermentace MeSH
• fluorescenční barviva chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• mikrobiální viabilita * MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie metody   MeSH
• rozpouštědla metabolismus   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aceton MeSH
• butanoly MeSH
• ethanol MeSH
• fluorescenční barviva MeSH
• rozpouštědla MeSH

A routine diagnostic procedure of cryptococcal meningitis using Alcian Blue and Nuclear Fast Red staining is described in a group of 16 patients. Cerebrospinal fluid findings, including clinical cytology, routine biochemistry and protein fractions, are presented.

• MeSH
• barvení a značení metody   MeSH
• Cryptococcus neoformans izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• kryptokoková meningitida diagnóza   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiologické techniky metody   MeSH
• mikroskopie metody   MeSH
• mozkomíšní mok mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

A very rare clinical entity, so-called eosinophilic meningitis, classified by prevalence of eosinophils in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), with the presence of pleiocytosis, has been recorded in our laboratory four times only in the last 24 years. A low glucose level, elevation of total protein and lactic acid in CSF were detected in all the clinical cases. The last two cases were made possible by using flow cytometry method; surprisingly, the presence was found in mature T-cells in CSF, predominantly helpers (CD3+, CD4+) and, practically, none is B-cells (CD19+), plasma cells (CD138+) and NK-cells.

• MeSH
• eozinofily imunologie   MeSH
• glukosa mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• krevní proteiny mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• kyselina mléčná mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• meningitida mozkomíšní mok   diagnóza   imunologie   MeSH
• počet leukocytů MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie MeSH
• T-lymfocyty pomocné-indukující imunologie   MeSH
• T-lymfocyty imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glukosa MeSH
• krevní proteiny MeSH
• kyselina mléčná MeSH

The levels of prealbumin (PAB, transthyretin) were determined and evaluated in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum in various subgroups of the multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. In severely disabled patients, serum PAB was elevated more frequently. CSF and serum PAB concentrations were higher in treated than in nontreated patients; the values above the upper reference limits were also more frequently found in treated patients. PAB index showed a tendency to decrease during the course of the disease. The routine determination of PAB in CSF and serum is, therefore, recommended to be recognized in MS patients as a substantial clinical value and, thus, be comprised, including also immunoglobulins and other parameters, into the spectrum of characteristics in Protein Panel.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prealbumin analýza   mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza krev   mozkomíšní mok   patologie   MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• prealbumin MeSH