BACKGROUND: The prognostic significance of mast cells and different phenotypes of macrophages in the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following resection is unclear. We aimed in this study to assess the local distribution of infiltrating macrophages and mast cells of specific phenotypes in tissues of HCC and to evaluate their prognostic values for survival of post-surgical patients. METHODS: The clinicopathological and follow-up data of 70 patients with HCC, who underwent curative resection of tumor from 1997 to 2019, were collected. The infiltration of CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages and CD117+ mast cells was assessed immunohistochemically in representative resected specimens of HCC and adjacent tissues. The area fraction (AF) of positively stained cells was estimated automatically using QuPath image analysis software in several regions, such as tumor center (TC), inner margin (IM), outer margin (OM), and peritumor (PT) area. The prognostic significance of immune cells, individually and in associations, for time to recurrence (TTR), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS: High AF of CD68+ macrophages in TC and IM and high AF of mast cells in IM and PT area were associated with a longer DFS. High AF of CD163+ macrophages in PT area correlated with a shorter DFS. Patients from CD163TChigh & CD68TClow group had a shorter DFS compared to all the rest of the groups, and cases with CD163IMlow & CD68IMhigh demonstrated significantly longer DFS compared to low AF of both markers. Patients from CD68IMhigh & CD163PTlow group, CD117IMhigh & CD163PTlow group, and CD117PThigh & CD163PTlow group had a significantly longer DFS compared to all other combinations of respective cells. CONCLUSIONS: The individual prognostic impact of CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages and mast cells in the microenvironment of HCC after resection depends on their abundance and location, whereas the cumulative impact is built upon combination of different cell phenotypes within and between regions.

• Klíčová slova
• Disease-free survival, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Inner margin, Mast cells, Peritumor area, Tumor-infiltrating macrophages,
• MeSH
• hepatocelulární karcinom * patologie   MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• makrofágy patologie   MeSH
• mastocyty patologie   MeSH
• nádorové mikroprostředí MeSH
• nádory jater * patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy frequently diagnosed at the metastatic stage. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) in RCC patients, including the peritumoral tissue microenvironment, to characterize the phenotypic patterns and functional characteristics of infiltrating immune cells. T cells from various compartments (peripheral blood, tumor, peritumoral area, and adjacent healthy renal tissue) were assessed using flow cytometry and Luminex analyses, both before and after T cell-specific stimulation, to evaluate activation status and migratory potential. Our findings demonstrated that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) exhibited heightened cytokine production compared to peritumoral T cells (pTILs), acting as the primary source of cytotoxic markers (IFN-γ, granzyme B, and FasL). CD8+ T cells primarily employed Fas Ligand for cytotoxicity, while CD4+ T cells relied on CD107a. In addition, a statistically significant negative correlation between patient mortality and the presence of CD4+CD107+ pTILs was demonstrated. The engagement with the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway was also more evident in CD4+ and CD8+ pTILs as opposed to TILs. PD-L1 expression in the non-leukocyte fraction of the tumor tissue was relatively lower than in their leukocytic counterparts and upon stimulation, peripheral blood T cells displayed much stronger responses to stimulation than TILs and pTILs. Our results suggest that tumor and peritumoral T cells exhibit limited responsiveness to additional activation signals, while peripheral T cells retain their capacity to respond to stimulatory signals.

• Klíčová slova
• CAFs, CD8 T cells, Kidney cancer, PECAM-1, RCC TME, Renal carcinoma immunotherapy, Tumor immune microenvironment, Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, cytotoxicity, kidney cancer cytokines, peritumoral tissue,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The present study is aimed at finding radiological parameters which could provide indirect information on invasive growth of meningioma, relevant enough to predict the possible risk of postoperative neurological deficit development. The cohort was composed of 40 consecutive adult patients of comparable general condition parameters (age 18-75 years, KRS 70-100, ASA 1-2) with meningiomas attacking with the whole of their volume solely the brain tissue. As follows from the outcome, meningioma growth in the eloquent area and the presence of peritumoral oedema are the two adverse parameters predicting the development of postoperative neurological deficit. In contrast, dural type of vascularisation, visible tumour-brain interface, meningioma growing in a non-eloquent area and the absence of peritumoral oedema are favourable predictive parameters. According to our results, if the last two of those parameters are present, the patient need not to be exposed to the risks of invasive selective angiography.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
• meningeální nádory diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• meningeom diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND/AIM: To verify perfusion differences in white matter adjacent to glioblastomas and metastatic tumors in dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) 3T-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using gradient echo (GRE) T1 techniques. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective comparative study was carried out on adults with glioblastoma (n=67) and brain metastases (n=31). In each patient, conventional 3T-MRI and DCE-MRI with 25 acquisitions of GRE-T1 were performed. The initial area under the contrast-uptake curve (iAUC) and transfer constant (Ktrans) in peritumoral regions of the white matter were evaluated using T1 pharmacodynamic modeling software. RESULTS: Statistically significantly higher relative iAUC (p<0.001) and Ktrans (p<0.01) values were recorded for peritumoral white matter near glioblastomas compared to that near metastases: 2.29 (SD=1.11) and 2.12 (SD=1.05) vs. 0.96 (SD=0.31) and 1.18 (SD=0.35), respectively. CONCLUSION: In comparison to Ktrans, the iAUC obtained by DCE-MRI is more suitable for assessing glioblastomas because it better reflects pharmacokinetic peritumoral changes. Increased iAUC in white matter near to tumor generally indicates glioblastoma, however, a low level does not exclude it.

• Klíčová slova
• Glioblastoma, brain metastases, dynamic contrast-enhanced, magnetic resonance, perfusion, white matter infiltration,
• MeSH
• bílá hmota diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• glioblastom diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• kolorektální nádory sekundární   MeSH
• leiomyosarkom sekundární   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• melanom sekundární   MeSH
• nádory ledvin sekundární   MeSH
• nádory mozku diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• nádory plic sekundární   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to find radiological parameters that can provide indirect information on the invasive growth of meningioma relevant enough to predict the likely risk of postoperative neurological deficit. MATERIAL/METHODS: The cohort consisted of 40 consecutive adult patients (from January 2004 till May 2005) with comparable general condition parameters (age 18-75 years, KRS 70-100, ASA 1-2) with meningiomas solely attacking brain tissue with the whole of their volume. The Pearson chi-square test was used for statistical evaluation. RESULTS: Radical resection of the meningioma was attained in 33 (82.5%) patients and subtotal resection in 7 (17.5%). Ten (25%) patients at 7 days after the operation had neurological findings which were worse than before. Seven were found to have a new neurological deficit and there were three cases of progression of the existing neurological symptoms. Three patients (7.5%) were worse off neurologically than before the operation as long as 3 months after surgery, while seven had their neurological condition restored ad integrum. All of the ten patients with postoperatively worsened neurological findings had their meningiomas localised in the eloquent area. A correlation was found between the eloquent area and neurological deficits, and also between the presence of peritumoral oedema (small, medium, large) and neurological deficits. Interdependence was detected between a discernible tumour-brain interface and the absence of oedema, between a discernible tumour-brain interface and a dural type of vascular supply, and between the dural type of vascularisation and an absence of oedema. CONCLUSIONS: As follows from the outcomes, meningioma growth in the eloquent area and the presence of peritumoral oedema are the two adverse parameters predicting the development of postoperative neurological deficits. In contrast, dural types of vascularisation, a visible tumour-brain interface, meningioma growing in a non-eloquent area, and the absence of peritumoral oedema are favourable predictive parameters. To go by the results, in the presence of the last two parameters the patient need not be exposed to the risks of invasive selective angiography.

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• digitální subtrakční angiografie MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• edém mozku komplikace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• meningeom patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nemoci nervového systému etiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• neuropsychologické testy MeSH
• pooperační komplikace patofyziologie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Endometrial cancer incidence increases over the age of 65 and lymphadenectomy in these women is a morbid procedure. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) should avoid extensive lymphadenectomy in node negative patients. The aim of this prospective study is to determine the feasibility and usefulness of lymphatic mapping and SLN identification in the management of endometrial cancer. METHODS: From January 2004 to December 2007 101 women with endometrial cancer participated in the study. We injected Tc hysteroscopically, peritumorally 2 hours before laparotomy in 24 women. We applied Tc and blue dye subserously after laparotomy and before adhesiolysis in 67 women. Ten patients with metastatic disease in ovary, omentum, peritoneum, and bulky nodes were excluded from analysis. RESULTS: We detected SLN in 12 women (50%) in hysteroscopic group and in 49 women (73.1%) in subserous group. We identified 133 SLNs in 61 women. We found 20 SLNs (15.0%) in supraobturator region, 78 (58.6%) in external iliac area, 11 (8.3%) in paraaortal area, 13 (9.8%) on common iliac artery, 8 (6.0%) in medial part of lateral parametrium, and 3 (2.3%) in presacral area. CONCLUSIONS: Sentinel lymph node identification is a new strategy that can be used to examine nodal status with a high successful rate in breast, cervical, and vulvar cancer. Results in endometrial cancer are not as successful, however. In the future, it will be necessary to find optimal timing, the best route of application, and the "right" size of the Tc particles. Subserous application seems to be superior to hysteroscopic application.

• MeSH
• adenoskvamózní karcinom diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• endometroidní karcinom diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• hysteroskopie * MeSH
• injekce do léze MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfadenektomie MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• nádory endometria diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• radioisotopová scintigrafie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• studie proveditelnosti MeSH
• technecium 99mTc-agregovaný albumin MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• technecium 99mTc-agregovaný albumin MeSH
• technetium Tc 99m nanocolloid MeSH Prohlížeč

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate in detail the effect of gadolinium contrast on diffusion tensor imaging scans. As the present literature offers conflicting results, we have included a large selection of indices in the analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen patients harboring an intra-axial contrast enhancing brain tumor were included in this study. Two diffusion tensor imaging scans were performed-one natively, and the second following a gadolinium contrast agent application. Maps of the invariant indices fractional anisotropy (FA), linear, planar, and spherical indices, trace, eigenvalues λ(1), λ(2), λ(3) as well as of the components of the diffusion tensor matrix Dxx, Dyy, Dzz, Dxy, Dxz and Dyz were co-registered and compared statistically with matching ROI pairs in the contrast enhancing areas, peritumoral edema and the normal appearing white matter. RESULTS: We have observed a significant increase in the FA and disproportional decrease of the eigenvalues in the post-contrast scans. In accordance with these findings, the spherical index was decreased and the linear and planar indices were increased. There was a significant decrease of all diagonal components of the diffusion tensor matrix. These changes have been strongest in the contrast enhancing areas, but there were also significant changes in the peritumoral edema and the normal appearing white matter. CONCLUSION: Diffusion tensor imaging scans performed after gadolinium contrast agent administration may display artificially increased FA values due to disproportional changes of the measured eigenvalues. The distortion of the diffusion measurement is strongest in, but not limited to the contrasting areas.

• MeSH
• difuzní magnetická rezonance metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kontrastní látky MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory mozku patologie   MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• gadobutrol MeSH Prohlížeč
• kontrastní látky MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny * MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To compare the density of lymphatic vessels and VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression in Warthin's tumours (WTs) and oncocytic adenomas (OCAs). METHODS: Twenty three WTs and 13 OCAs of the parotid gland were analyzed. Lymphatic vessels were detected using the D2-40 antibody. For evaluation of the intratumour and peritumour lymphatic vessel density (iLVD and pLVD, respectively) the area of greatest vascularisation (hot spots) was chosen, using a ×40 field, and the number of vessels per square millimeter was counted in a ×200 field. The staining intensity for VEGF-C and VEGF-D immunoreaction in the tumour cells was graded from 0 to 3. RESULTS: The mean iLVD and pLVD values in WTs was 4.7 (range 1-8) and 6.9 (range 3-10), those in the OCAs 1.0 (range 0-3) and 5.8 (range 2-8), respectively. The differences in the iLVD, but not pLVD between the two tumour groups were statistically significant. In both entities, the pLVD markedly outnumbered the iLVD. The intratumour vessels in the WTs were present exclusively in the lymphoid stroma. In the group of 23 WTs, 13 (56.6%), 17 (73.9%) and 10 (43.4%) samples revealed positive VEGF-C, VEGF-D and both immunoreactions, respectively. 10 of 13 (77%) cases revealed VEGF-D immunoreaction and in none of them was the VEGF-C reaction present. CONCLUSION: The tumours had a comparable high density of peritumorous lymphatic network. However, WTs markedly differed from OCAs in the number of the intratumorous vessels. These were abundant solely in the stroma of WT, while practically lacking in the neoplastic epithelium of the WT and relatively rare in OCAs. We suggest that homeostasis in both entities is mediated mainly by peritumorous lymphatics. The lymphatic drainage in WTs is also fostered exclusively by stromal lymphatics, whereas in stroma poor OCAs by the vessels present in their neoplastic epithelium. We also believe that WTs stimulate proliferation of pre-existing lymphatic capillaries by means of the paracrine secretion of VEGF-C and VEGF-D in the neoplastic as well as reactive stromal cells, while in the OCAs only the latter factor takes part in their lymphangiogenesis.

• Klíčová slova
• Warthin's tumor, lymphatic vessel density, oncocytoma, salivary gland,
• MeSH
• adenolymfom patologie   MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfangiogeneze MeSH
• lymfatické cévy patologie   MeSH
• oxyfilní adenom patologie   MeSH
• patologická angiogeneze MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů fyziologie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor C metabolismus   MeSH
• vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor D metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor C MeSH
• vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor D MeSH

AIM OF THE STUDY: to check the new technique of lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy by colorectal cancer surgery and to improve the lymphatic staging. METHOD: combined technique of lymphatic mapping via Patentblue and the radiocolloid in vivo applied in the rectal cancer surgery. The lymphatic-mapping technique with Patentblue in the colon cancer surgery. Radically or palliative tumour resection. Ex vivo detection of sentinel and non-sentinel lymph nodes in the specimen and their division into peritumoral, intermedial and central level. Serial sectioning examination and immunohistochemistry examination of detected lymph nodes. Statistic process. RESULTS: The methods were used for 107 patients. 1985 lymph nodes were examined, out of which 208 was with metastasis. Positive nodes were detected in 56 patients. In average there were 18.5 nodes per patient. 966 sentinel nodes were detected by colouring and radiocolloid marking. Sentinel nodes showed in 97 patients. In 10 patients, the method failed. In 44 patients, sentinel nodes were positive; 117 positive nodes in total. Skip metastases were detected in 6 percent of the patients. The upstaging of metastatic detection was in 3.7 percent. CONCLUSION: The technique of lymphatic mapping and sentinel node detection significantly increases the number of detected nodes and selects the marks the sentinel ones for further examination. The greatest amount of findings of nodal metastases is in the area closest to the tumour, therefore, when sentinel nodes are negative there, these can be examined more closely, by the method of serial insections or immunohistochemically, and staging of the disease can be made more accurate.

• MeSH
• biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny * MeSH
• kolorektální nádory patologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfatické metastázy diagnóza   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• radiofarmaka * MeSH
• radioisotopová scintigrafie MeSH
• rosanilinová barviva * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• radiofarmaka * MeSH
• rosanilinová barviva * MeSH
• sulfan blue MeSH Prohlížeč

OBJECTIVE: The detection of sentinel nodes is performed in various types of malignant disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the radiodetection of sentinel nodes, based on the use of Tc-colloid, during the surgical treatment of rectal cancer. METHODS: In 2003-2004, 42 patients (24 males and 18 females; average ages of 62.4 and 67 years, respectively) were examined during rectal carcinoma surgical procedures. Miles abdominoperineal rectal resection was performed in nine cases; 33 patients underwent low anterior rectum resection by total mesorectal excision. On the day of the operation, a transanal submucosal infiltration of colloid labelled with radioactive 99mTc was performed; infiltration was performed strictly peritumorally. After the operation, radiodetection of the surgical specimens (using a hand-held gamma probe) was performed. The areas of higher radioactivity were marked. The specimens were then examined by a histopathologist. The nodes found closest to the marked areas were considered to be 'sentinel nodes'. The results of scintigraphy and postoperative radiodetection were checked by histological examination. All the discovered lymph nodes were examined by haematoxylin and eosin staining; when this was negative, immunohistochemical examination with cytokeratin was used for the sentinel nodes. RESULTS: In 36 of the 42 patients, the data obtained by scintigraphy and radiodetection were in agreement with histopathological proof of a sentinel node. The sensitivity of the method in this group of patients was 86% (95% confidence limits: 70.75-94.05). CONCLUSIONS: The scintigraphic method of detection of sentinel nodes in total mesorectal excision is not therapeutic, but diagnostic, and demonstrates a high level of reliability. It can be used to indicate the nodes that should be examined to detect the presence of possible micrometastases immunohistochemically. However, this method cannot be used for all detected nodes as it is very demanding. In the evaluated group of patients, there were no intraoperative or postoperative complications caused by this diagnostic method.

• MeSH
• biopsie sentinelové lymfatické uzliny metody   MeSH
• chirurgie s pomocí počítače metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfatické uzliny diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• nádory rekta diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• radioisotopová scintigrafie MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH