The authors studied the effect of various DDP applications (sodium salt of dimethyl-dioxopiperazine thiosulfonate) in a dose of 45 mg/kg w. administered 10 min before irradiation, on the survival of female mice C57 and (CBA x C57BL/F1 after a single whole-body exposure to a sublethal dose of gamma rays (LD50/5 = magnitude of 15.495 +/- 0.781 magnitude of Gy and LD50/30 = magnitude of 7.864 +/- 0.018 magnitude of Gy). The depth of DDP protection effect on the haemopoietic stem cells was studied using the method of endogenous spleen colonies (ESC) of haemopoietic tissue. DDP radioprotective effect was also demonstrated after s. c. and i. m. application of this substance 10 min before 6 Gy of gamma radiation; it was shown by a prolongation of the survival time of experimental animals and by an increase in the number of individuals surviving till the 30th day after irradiation. Higher ESC numbers in the animals with DDP protection demonstrate survival of higher number of the haemopoietic stem cells and indicate that DDP is the biological active substance and contributes to the repair of haematopoiesis damaged by radiation and to the survival of irradiated animals.

• MeSH
• analýza kolonii tvořících jednotek MeSH
• inbrední kmeny myší MeSH
• myši MeSH
• piperaziny farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 1,4-dimethyl-2,5-dioxopiperazine-3,6-bis(thiosulfonate) MeSH Prohlížeč
• piperaziny MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH

The radioprotective activity of eight selected copper (II) carboxylates--Cu (RCOO)2.nL (R = alkyl, aryl, 2-furyl and 2-thienyl; L usually represents water)--was assayed in a model of lethally gamma-irradiated (9 Gy, 0.97 Gy/min) mice. The compounds tested were applied (as solutions in saline) s.c. in three single doses of 20 mumol/kg 48.24 and 6 h before irradiation. The highest radioprotective effects were measured by survival of mice achieved after premedication of animals with copper (II) 2-thenoate monohydrate (77%), copper (II) acetylsalicylate (64%), copper (II) 2-methoxybenzoate monohydrate (62%) and copper (II) acetate monohydrate (54%). On the other hand, survival of vehicle-pretreated mice was only 10%. The observed biological properties of complexes are discussed in relation to their structures.

• MeSH
• měď aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• morčata MeSH
• myši inbrední ICR MeSH
• myši MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• morčata MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• měď MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky * MeSH

• MeSH
• beta-aminoethylisothiomočovina farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• myši MeSH
• psi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• myši MeSH
• psi MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• beta-aminoethylisothiomočovina MeSH

Changes of concentration, total content of histones and relative portions of histone fractions were investigated in the liver of rats after administration of the hepatoprotective substance silymarin (70 mg/kg) and after gamma-irradiation of the whole body at a dose of 3 Gy, which were examined in 30 hours and in 7 days. Administration of silymarin alone considerably increased the concentration, particularly total content of extractable histones in the liver of rats examined in hour 30. They decreased below the level of control values after 7 days. The whole body irradiation at a dose 3 Gy of gamma-radiation caused a steep fall of the concentration and total content of histones in hour 30, which persisted also on day 7. Silymarin administered 1 hour before irradiation prevented quantitative changes of histones in hour 30, after irradiation the fall was still steeper than after irradiation without silymarin administration. As Tab. I shows, a significant decrease in the relative portion of histone fractions H2A+H2B was found in the extracted histone of the experimental animals of all 3 groups in hour 30, as well as a decrease in the fraction H1 after irradiation without silymarin administration. A decrease in the lysin-rich-histone portion was related to an increase in the relative portion of histone H3. In the rats which were administered silymarin 1 hour before irradiation these changes were found to persist until day 7, and they were related to an increase in the subfraction H1(0) within the histone fraction H1 (Tab II). Hence the results document that silymarin administration 1 hour before irradiation had a positive effect which was observed in all the investigated parameters in hour 30 after irradiation. But the radioprotective effect of silymarin was only temporary while until day 7 after irradiation histone variations were identical or still larger than after irradiation without silymarin administration.

• MeSH
• histony metabolismus   MeSH
• játra metabolismus   účinky záření   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• silymarin farmakologie   MeSH
• záření gama MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• histony MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH
• silymarin MeSH

• MeSH
• chromozomy účinky záření   MeSH
• křečci praví MeSH
• radiační poranění prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• křečci praví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH

BACKGROUND: Curcumin is an ingredient in the turmeric plant that gives yellow color to dishes and is used as a spice. It has been used locally/topically and systemically in the treatment of diseases in Far Eastern societies, especially in Indian and Chinese traditional medicine. Curcumin is a natural substance that does not show toxic properties in overdose. In addition to its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-neoplastic, anti-viral, anti-microbial, anti-angiogenic properties, platelet aggregation, apoptosis, and wound healing have been demonstrated in different studies. In recent years, it has been used as a radiosensitizing agent and a radioprotector in radiation therapy. Although curcumin has low bio-availability, it seems to be the ideal molecule due to its low molecular weight, high activity in inhibiting the growth of tumor cells and protecting normal tissues from the side effects of radiation. PURPOSE: Curcumin in combination with radiotherapy was discussed in the light of the literature.

• Klíčová slova
• curcumin, radiosensitizing agent– radioprotector, radiotherapy,
• MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky farmakologie   MeSH
• kurkumin farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory * farmakoterapie   radioterapie   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• radiosenzibilizující látky farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fytogenní protinádorové látky MeSH
• kurkumin MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH
• radiosenzibilizující látky MeSH

In recent times, cytokines and hematopoietic growth factors have been at the center of attention for many researchers trying to establish pharmacological therapeutic procedures for the treatment of radiation accident victims. Two granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-based radiation countermeasures have been approved for the treatment of the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome. However, at the same time, many different substances with varying effects have been tested in animal studies as potential radioprotectors and mitigators of radiation damage. A wide spectrum of these substances has been studied, comprising various immunomodulators, prostaglandins, inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis, agonists of adenosine cell receptors, herbal extracts, flavonoids, vitamins, and others. These agents are often effective, relatively non-toxic, and cheap. This review summarizes the results of animal experiments, which show the potential for some of these untraditional or new radiation countermeasures to become a part of therapeutic procedures applicable in patients with the acute radiation syndrome. The authors consider β-glucan, 5-AED (5-androstenediol), meloxicam, γ-tocotrienol, genistein, IB-MECA (N⁶-(3-iodobezyl)adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide), Ex-RAD (4-carboxystyryl-4-chlorobenzylsulfone), and entolimod the most promising agents, with regards to their contingent use in clinical practice.

• Klíčová slova
• acute radiation syndrome, hematopoiesis, radiomitigators, radioprotectors,
• MeSH
• akutní radiační syndrom farmakoterapie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• cytokiny metabolismus   MeSH
• hematopoetický systém účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky terapeutické užití   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cytokiny MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH

• MeSH
• glutathion metabolismus   MeSH
• glutathionreduktasa metabolismus   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• sulfhydrylové sloučeniny metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glutathion MeSH
• glutathionreduktasa MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH
• sulfhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH

• MeSH
• elektrochemie MeSH
• hematopoéza účinky léků   MeSH
• křečci praví MeSH
• merkaptamin farmakologie   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky farmakologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• křečci praví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• merkaptamin MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH

An efficient therapy of patients with tumorous diseases should include maximum killing of malignant cells with minimal damage to cells in healthy tissues. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are frequently associated with a series of undesirable effects. Side effects related to the therapy may unfavorably influence quality of life for a short or long period of time, may cause the need to decrease the dosage or shorten the overall period of treatment or survival of the patient. Therefore, particular attention has recently been paid to compounds, which mitigate or eliminate the undesirable effects of the therapy. A way to decrease toxicity is the administration of radioprotective or chemoprotective compounds. The cytoprotection of healthy tissues by compounds from the aminothiol group is one of the most promising directions of research and clinical practice. Amifostin protects healthy tissue from damage induced by radio- or chemotherapy. In comparison with patients treated by radiotherapy only, radiotherapy supplemented with amifostin proved to cause significantly less acute and late untoward effects of therapy. The paper describes the possibilities of using radioprotective drugs, especially amifostin, in the therapy of tumors with particular emphasis to the needs of physicians dealing with the problems of internal medicine.

• MeSH
• amifostin aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   farmakologie   MeSH
• cytoprotekce * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory farmakoterapie   radioterapie   MeSH
• protinádorové látky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• amifostin MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH