INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: The objective was to evaluate the intra-individual variability of uroflowmetry (UFM) in healthy control subjects and women suffering from stress, urge, and mixed urinary incontinence. METHODS: A total of 35 healthy controls (group A) and 105 women suffering from urinary incontinence were enrolled in the study. Thirty-five women suffered from stress urinary incontinence (group B), 35 women suffered from mixed urinary incontinence (group C), and 35 women with overactive bladder both dry and wet (group D). All participants were asked to perform UFM measurement three times. The following parameters were analyzed: voided volume (VV), peak flow (Qmax), average flow (Qave), volume-corrected peak flow cQmax (cQmax = Qmax/2√ VV), volume-corrected average flow (cQave = Qave/2√ VV), and postvoid residual volume (PVR). Statistical analysis was performed using the analysis of variance on repeated measurements. Relative error was calculated using variation coefficients reported as a percentage of the average. All descriptive characteristics were reported as means ± standard deviation (SD). p values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: No statistically significant intra-individual difference in any of the recorded parameters was identified among the three UFM recordings in groups A, C, and D. The intra-individual variability of the following parameters reached statistical significance in patients suffering from stress urinary incontinence (group B): Qmax (p = 0.0016), Qave (p = 0.0005), and cQave (p = 0.0389). A significant difference was only observed in comparison between the first and second consecutive recordings. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence supporting the high yield and good intra-individual reproducibility of UFM.

• Klíčová slova
• Lower urinary tract symptoms, Uroflowmetry, Variability, Voiding pattern,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hyperaktivní močový měchýř patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reologie metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• stresová inkontinence moči patofyziologie   MeSH
• studie případů a kontrol MeSH
• urgentní inkontinence patofyziologie   MeSH
• urodynamika fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: The European Web Survey on Drugs aimed to obtain in-depth data on consumption of cannabis, ecstasy/MDMA, cocaine, and amphetamines in different populations of drug users in 16 European countries. This paper examines test-retest reliability, the consistency and the comprehensibility of the prevalence and frequency of use questions in the Czech part of the survey. METHODS: A baseline web survey was performed (N = 610) with follow-up data collection in a sub-sample of volunteers providing email addresses (N = 158). The baseline sample was self-selecting, responding to advertisements made available through multiple channels designed to attract diverse samples of drug users. Test-retest analysis was conducted for core questionnaire items. RESULTS: Respondents to the follow-up were predominantly socially integrated; 91% reported last year cannabis use, 42% used Ecstasy/MDMA, 23% amphetamines, and 27% reported cocaine use. Test-retest reliability was rated moderate to good (reliability coefficients between 0.55-0.87) for most prevalence items with sufficient sample sizes. Items assessing frequency of use were more reliable for most substances when asking about the exact number of days used, compared to categorical items that implicitly assume a regular pattern of use and were interpreted differently by different respondents. CONCLUSIONS: Simplicity and unambiguity of questions increase the reliability of results. Tools measuring drug consumption need to take into consideration the irregularity of drug using patterns. Question testing is important to increase validity and support a correct interpretation of the data.

• Klíčová slova
• Patterns of use, Prevalence, Test/re-test reliability, Web survey,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek epidemiologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky normy   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• uživatelé drog statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Introduction: The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is a well-established tool for assessing submaximal functional capacity for cardiac patients, but space limitations challenge its implementation. Treadmill-based (TR) 6MWT is a promising alternative, but it requires patients to complete a familiarization test to adapt treadmill speed regulation. With the advancement of sensors, it is possible to automatically control speed for individual patients and thus overcome the space limitation or the speed control difficulty on the treadmill for each patient.Methods: This study investigated the validity and interchangeability of automated speed TR6MWT and standard hallway (HL) 6MWT. Eighteen patients were assessed at baseline of the 12-week cardiac rehabilitation program. Fourteen of them were assessed after rehabilitation. All patients performed three TR6MWTs and three HL6MWTs at baseline and one of each test after the program.Results: Patients well tolerated the TR6MWT. There was a strong correlation between both test methods (r = 0.79). However, patients performed significantly better in HL6MWT (514.8m ± 59.7m) than in TR6MWT (447.2 ± 79.1m) with 95% CI, 40.4-94.6m, p < 0.05. Both tests showed high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.86). The TR6MWT showed a valuable comparison of the effect of the cardiac rehabilitation program (20% increase, effect size 1.1) even though it is not interchangeable with the HL6MWT.Conclusion: The automated speed TR6MWT appears to be an acceptable tool with adequate validity, reliability, and responsiveness for assessing functional capacity in patients utilizing cardiac rehabilitation programs.

• Klíčová slova
• Six minute walk test, automatized treadmill, cardiac rehabilitation, functional capacity, technology-assisted assessment,
• MeSH
• chůze fyziologie   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární rehabilitace * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• test chůzí MeSH
• zátěžový test metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the test-retest reliability of selected items based on self-reports, measuring problem behaviour in the Slovak and Czech version of the HBSC survey questionnaire. METHODS: The data from test-retest study, based on an international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study and consistent with its methodology, were analysed. A sample of 580 primary school pupils (51.2% of boys), grades five and nine participated in a test and retest with a four-week interval. Six items concerning problem behaviour were evaluated overall and stratified by gender and age. RESULTS: Analyses of test-retest reliability indicated modest (0.30 to 0.49), moderate (0.50 to 0.69), or high (0.70 to 1.00) reliability across nearly all questions, with some reliability differences in analyses by gender and age. In general, findings of present study suggest the moderate reliability of measures of smoking, drunkenness, fighting and negative relationship to school, modest reliability of measures of bullying behaviour, and low reliability of measure of truancy. CONCLUSIONS: The overall findings of this study suggest that most of selected indicators in the HBSC survey questionnaire have satisfactory test-retest reliability. Further test-retest studies in a large and diverse sample, as well as validity studies, should be considered for the future HBSC study.

• Klíčová slova
• adolescence, problem behaviour, test-retest reliability,
• MeSH
• chování mladistvých * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• problémové chování * MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• zpráva o sobě * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Slovenská republika epidemiologie   MeSH

A tele-assessed 6MWT (TL 6MWT) could be an alternative method of evaluating functional capacity in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of a TL 6MWT. The functional capacity of 28 patients with DM2 (75% men) aged 61 ± 13 years was evaluated twice via an indoor, center-based 6MWT (CB 6MWT) and twice outside each patient's home via a web-based platform TL 6MWT. The study showed a high statistically significant correlation between the CB and TL 6MWT (Pearson's r = 0.76, p < 0.001). Reliability testing showed no statistically significant differences in the distance covered (CB1: 492 ± 84 m and CB2: 506 ± 86 m versus TL1: 534 ± 87 m and TL2: 542 ± 93 m, respectively) and in the best distance of the TL 6MWT (545 ± 93 m) compared to the best CB distance (521 ± 83 m). Strong internal reliability for both the CB (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.93) and the TL 6MWT (ICC = 0.98) was found. The results indicate that a TL 6MWT performed outdoors can be a highly valid and reliable tool to assess functional capacity in patients with DM2. No learning effect between the TL and CB assessment was found, minimizing the need for repetition.

• Klíčová slova
• diabetes mellitus, functional capacity, remote assessment, six-minute walk test, tele-assessment, telehealth assessment,
• MeSH
• chůze * MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• test chůzí metody   MeSH
• zátěžový test metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Participation in organized activities is related with a range of positive outcomes, but the way such participation is measured has not been scrutinized. Test-retest reliability as an important indicator of a scale's reliability has been assessed rarely and for "The scale of participation in organized activities" lacks completely. This test-retest study is based on the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study and is consistent with its methodology. METHODS: We obtained data from 353 Czech (51.9 % boys) and 227 Slovak (52.9 % boys) primary school pupils, grades five and nine, who participated in this study in 2013. We used Cohen's kappa statistic and single measures of the intraclass correlation coefficient to estimate the test-retest reliability of all selected items in the sample, stratified by gender, age and country. RESULTS: We mostly observed a large correlation between the test and retest in all of the examined variables (κ ranged from 0.46 to 0.68). Test-retest reliability of the sum score of individual items showed substantial agreement (ICC = 0.64). CONCLUSIONS: The scale of participation in organized activities has an acceptable level of agreement, indicating good reliability.

• Klíčová slova
• Adolescents, HBSC, Organized activities, Reliability, Test–retest,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky normy   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• účast komunity statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• volnočasové aktivity * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH

The purpose of our study was to develop an approximation procedure to estimate reliabilities of single-step genomic BLUP breeding values in a test-day model for routine evaluation of milk yield in a dairy cattle population. Input data consisted of 20,220,047 first-, second-, and third-lactation test-day milk yield records of 1,126,102 Czech Holstein cows (each lactation being considered a separate trait), with 1,844,679 animals in the pedigree file and with genomic data from 2,236 bulls. Evaluation was according to a multi-lactation model. The procedure was based on the effective number of records per animal from milk recording as well as from genomic and pedigree relationships. Traits were analyzed individually, and genetic covariances among traits were subsequently taken into account. The use of genomic information increased average reliability in young bulls from 0.276 to 0.505, but increased reliability in proven bulls only from 0.828 to 0.855. The reliabilities of genomic breeding values in multi-trait evaluation for first, second and third lactations, respectively, averaged 0.652, 0.673, and 0.633 for young bulls and 0.907, 0.894, and 0.852 for proven bulls. For an index combining all 3 lactations, the average reliability of a single-step genomic BLUP prediction was 0.712 and 0.925 for younger and proven bulls, respectively. Increased reliability due to genotyping in the population of all genotyped and nongenotyped animals was very small (<0.01) because of the small proportion of genotyped animals in the population.

• Klíčová slova
• genomic prediction, reliability, single-step genomic BLUP, test-day model,
• MeSH
• chov metody   MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• genom * MeSH
• laktace * MeSH
• mlékárenství metody   MeSH
• mléko metabolismus   MeSH
• modely genetické MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• skot genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• skot genetika   fyziologie   MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

PURPOSE: The deep fascia has recently been a current topic in many medical fields, including rehabilitation. Some research has already focused on assessing deep fascia, however results of individual authors differ in certain aspects. This study focuses on the inter-rater reliability of ultrasound (US) measurement of the thickness of deep fascia and loose connective tissue (LCT). The aim was to define the causes of any discrepancies in measurement that could contribute to the unification of management of evaluating fascia. METHODS: An observational study was performed including 20 healthy individuals in whom fascia lata of the anterior thigh was examined by US imaging and then measured in Image J software. Three raters participated in this study: the first with 6 years of US imaging experience, other two were newly trained. The measurement of fascial parameters was conducted in two phases with special consultation between them resulting in an agreement of the research team on the more precise way of measurement. RESULTS: Results revealed the value of inter-rater reliability ICC3,1 = 0.454 for deep fascia thickness and ICC3,1 = 0.265 for LCT thickness in the first phase and any significant difference in the second phase. This poor inter-rater reliability led to a search for possible causes of discrepancies, which authors subsequently highlighted. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study show the main pitfalls of deep fascia measurement that should contribute to the unification of evaluation.

• Klíčová slova
• Deep fascia, Fascia lata, Fascia thickness, Reliability, Ultrasonography,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fascia lata diagnostické zobrazování   anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• fascie diagnostické zobrazování   anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• odchylka pozorovatele * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• stehno diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• ultrasonografie * metody   MeSH
• zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of incorporating genomic data using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) method compared to the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) method on the reliability of breeding values for age at first calving, calving interval, and productive longevity at 78 months in Charolais cattle. The study included 48,590 purebred Charolais individuals classified into four subgroups based on genotyping and performance records. The results showed that considering genotypes significantly improved genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) reliability across all categories except nongenotyped individuals. For young genotyped individuals, the increase in reliability was up to 27% for both sexes. The highest average reliability was achieved for genotyped proven bulls and cows with performance records, and the inclusion of genomic data further improved the reliability by up to 22% and 21% for cows and bulls, respectively. The gain in reliability was observed mainly during the first three calvings, and then the differences decreased. The imported individuals showed lower estimated breeding values (EBV) and GEBV reliabilities than the domestic population, probably due to the weak genetic connection with the domestic population. However, when the progeny of imported heifers were sired by domestic bulls, the reliability increased by up to 24%. For nongenotyped individuals, only a slight increase in reliability was observed; however, the number of genotyped individuals in the population was still relatively small.

• Klíčová slova
• Charolais, animal breeding, genomic selection, reliability,
• MeSH
• chov MeSH
• genom * genetika   MeSH
• genomika * metody   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• skot genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• skot genetika   MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Functional connectivity analysis is a common approach to the characterization of brain function. While studies of functional connectivity have predominantly focused on resting-state fMRI, naturalistic paradigms, such as movie watching, are increasingly being used. This ecologically valid, yet relatively unconstrained acquisition state has been shown to improve subject compliance and, potentially, enhance individual differences. However, unlike the reliability of resting-state functional connectivity, the reliability of functional connectivity during naturalistic viewing has not yet been fully established. The current study investigates the intra-session reliability of functional connectivity during naturalistic viewing sessions to extend its understanding. Using fMRI data of 24 subjects measured at rest as well as during six naturalistic viewing conditions, we quantified the split-half reliability of each condition, as well as cross-condition reliabilities. We find that intra-session reliability is relatively high for all conditions. While cross-condition reliabilities are higher for pairings of two naturalistic viewing conditions, split-half reliability is highest for the resting state. Potential sources of variability across the conditions, as well as the strengths and limitations of using intra-session reliability as a measure in naturalistic viewing, are discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• fMRI, functional connectivity, naturalistic viewing, reliability, resting state,
• MeSH
• film jako téma MeSH
• individualita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
• mapování mozku MeSH
• mozek * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH