PURPOSE: The deep fascia has recently been a current topic in many medical fields, including rehabilitation. Some research has already focused on assessing deep fascia, however results of individual authors differ in certain aspects. This study focuses on the inter-rater reliability of ultrasound (US) measurement of the thickness of deep fascia and loose connective tissue (LCT). The aim was to define the causes of any discrepancies in measurement that could contribute to the unification of management of evaluating fascia. METHODS: An observational study was performed including 20 healthy individuals in whom fascia lata of the anterior thigh was examined by US imaging and then measured in Image J software. Three raters participated in this study: the first with 6 years of US imaging experience, other two were newly trained. The measurement of fascial parameters was conducted in two phases with special consultation between them resulting in an agreement of the research team on the more precise way of measurement. RESULTS: Results revealed the value of inter-rater reliability ICC3,1 = 0.454 for deep fascia thickness and ICC3,1 = 0.265 for LCT thickness in the first phase and any significant difference in the second phase. This poor inter-rater reliability led to a search for possible causes of discrepancies, which authors subsequently highlighted. CONCLUSION: The findings of the study show the main pitfalls of deep fascia measurement that should contribute to the unification of evaluation.

• Klíčová slova
• Deep fascia, Fascia lata, Fascia thickness, Reliability, Ultrasonography,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fascia lata diagnostické zobrazování   anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• fascie diagnostické zobrazování   anatomie a histologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• odchylka pozorovatele * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• stehno diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• ultrasonografie * metody   MeSH
• zdraví dobrovolníci pro lékařské studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of incorporating genomic data using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) method compared to the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) method on the reliability of breeding values for age at first calving, calving interval, and productive longevity at 78 months in Charolais cattle. The study included 48,590 purebred Charolais individuals classified into four subgroups based on genotyping and performance records. The results showed that considering genotypes significantly improved genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV) reliability across all categories except nongenotyped individuals. For young genotyped individuals, the increase in reliability was up to 27% for both sexes. The highest average reliability was achieved for genotyped proven bulls and cows with performance records, and the inclusion of genomic data further improved the reliability by up to 22% and 21% for cows and bulls, respectively. The gain in reliability was observed mainly during the first three calvings, and then the differences decreased. The imported individuals showed lower estimated breeding values (EBV) and GEBV reliabilities than the domestic population, probably due to the weak genetic connection with the domestic population. However, when the progeny of imported heifers were sired by domestic bulls, the reliability increased by up to 24%. For nongenotyped individuals, only a slight increase in reliability was observed; however, the number of genotyped individuals in the population was still relatively small.

• Klíčová slova
• Charolais, animal breeding, genomic selection, reliability,
• MeSH
• chov MeSH
• genom * genetika   MeSH
• genomika * metody   MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• skot genetika   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• skot genetika   MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Functional connectivity analysis is a common approach to the characterization of brain function. While studies of functional connectivity have predominantly focused on resting-state fMRI, naturalistic paradigms, such as movie watching, are increasingly being used. This ecologically valid, yet relatively unconstrained acquisition state has been shown to improve subject compliance and, potentially, enhance individual differences. However, unlike the reliability of resting-state functional connectivity, the reliability of functional connectivity during naturalistic viewing has not yet been fully established. The current study investigates the intra-session reliability of functional connectivity during naturalistic viewing sessions to extend its understanding. Using fMRI data of 24 subjects measured at rest as well as during six naturalistic viewing conditions, we quantified the split-half reliability of each condition, as well as cross-condition reliabilities. We find that intra-session reliability is relatively high for all conditions. While cross-condition reliabilities are higher for pairings of two naturalistic viewing conditions, split-half reliability is highest for the resting state. Potential sources of variability across the conditions, as well as the strengths and limitations of using intra-session reliability as a measure in naturalistic viewing, are discussed.

• Klíčová slova
• fMRI, functional connectivity, naturalistic viewing, reliability, resting state,
• MeSH
• film jako téma MeSH
• individualita MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
• mapování mozku MeSH
• mozek * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the test-retest reliability of selected items based on self-reports, measuring problem behaviour in the Slovak and Czech version of the HBSC survey questionnaire. METHODS: The data from test-retest study, based on an international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study and consistent with its methodology, were analysed. A sample of 580 primary school pupils (51.2% of boys), grades five and nine participated in a test and retest with a four-week interval. Six items concerning problem behaviour were evaluated overall and stratified by gender and age. RESULTS: Analyses of test-retest reliability indicated modest (0.30 to 0.49), moderate (0.50 to 0.69), or high (0.70 to 1.00) reliability across nearly all questions, with some reliability differences in analyses by gender and age. In general, findings of present study suggest the moderate reliability of measures of smoking, drunkenness, fighting and negative relationship to school, modest reliability of measures of bullying behaviour, and low reliability of measure of truancy. CONCLUSIONS: The overall findings of this study suggest that most of selected indicators in the HBSC survey questionnaire have satisfactory test-retest reliability. Further test-retest studies in a large and diverse sample, as well as validity studies, should be considered for the future HBSC study.

• Klíčová slova
• adolescence, problem behaviour, test-retest reliability,
• MeSH
• chování mladistvých * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• problémové chování * MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• zpráva o sobě * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Slovenská republika epidemiologie   MeSH

Recently, there has been an increasing amount of literature dealing with new methods of Achilles tendon (AT) length measurement. However, most of these studies measured the AT length between the calcaneus and medial head of the gastrocnemius and the reliability of such a measurement has not been satisfactorily presented. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of the measurement of AT length within and between sessions. AT length was measured by using a combination of ultrasound imaging and optoelectronic stereophotogrammetry. Nineteen healthy athletes visited the lab on six different days where the AT length was measured on both lower extremities: 1) from the calcaneus to the mid-point of the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius; and 2) from the calcaneus to the soleus musculotendinous attachment. The reliability results indicated high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC > 0.8), a low typical error (< 0.6) and a standard error of measurement (SEM < 5.5 mm) for all measured AT lengths on within and between sessions. This non-invasive reliable measurement method may be recommended for sport science research purposes.

• Klíčová slova
• Ultrasonography, optoelectronic stereophotogrammetry, standard error of measurement, typical error,
• MeSH
• Achillova šlacha anatomie a histologie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fotogrammetrie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• ultrasonografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH

PURPOSE: For optimal management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), reproducible histopathological assessment is essential to distinguish low-risk from high-risk DCIS. Therefore, we analyzed interrater reliability of histopathological DCIS features and assessed their associations with subsequent ipsilateral invasive breast cancer (iIBC) risk. METHODS: Using a case-cohort design, reliability was assessed in a population-based, nationwide cohort of 2767 women with screen-detected DCIS diagnosed between 1993 and 2004, treated by breast-conserving surgery with/without radiotherapy (BCS ± RT) using Krippendorff's alpha (KA) and Gwet's AC2 (GAC2). Thirty-eight raters scored histopathological DCIS features including grade (2-tiered and 3-tiered), growth pattern, mitotic activity, periductal fibrosis, and lymphocytic infiltrate in 342 women. Using majority opinion-based scores for each feature, their association with subsequent iIBC risk was assessed using Cox regression. RESULTS: Interrater reliability of grade using various classifications was fair to moderate, and only substantial for grade 1 versus 2 + 3 when using GAC2 (0.78). Reliability for growth pattern (KA 0.44, GAC2 0.78), calcifications (KA 0.49, GAC2 0.70) and necrosis (KA 0.47, GAC2 0.70) was moderate using KA and substantial using GAC2; for (type of) periductal fibrosis and lymphocytic infiltrate fair to moderate estimates were found and for mitotic activity reliability was substantial using GAC2 (0.70). Only in patients treated with BCS-RT, high mitotic activity was associated with a higher iIBC risk in univariable analysis (Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.53, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.05-6.11); grade 3 versus 1 + 2 (HR 2.64, 95% CI 1.35-5.14) and a cribriform/solid versus flat epithelial atypia/clinging/(micro)papillary growth pattern (HR 3.70, 95% CI 1.34-10.23) were independently associated with a higher iIBC risk. CONCLUSIONS: Using majority opinion-based scores, DCIS grade, growth pattern, and mitotic activity are associated with iIBC risk in patients treated with BCS-RT, but interrater variability is substantial. Semi-quantitative grading, incorporating and separately evaluating nuclear pleomorphism, growth pattern, and mitotic activity, may improve the reliability and prognostic value of these features.

• Klíčová slova
• Ductal carcinoma in situ, Interrater reliability, Invasive breast cancer, Risk stratification,
• MeSH
• duktální karcinom prsu * chirurgie   MeSH
• intraduktální neinfiltrující karcinom * chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru MeSH
• nádory prsu * chirurgie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• segmentální mastektomie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: The European Web Survey on Drugs aimed to obtain in-depth data on consumption of cannabis, ecstasy/MDMA, cocaine, and amphetamines in different populations of drug users in 16 European countries. This paper examines test-retest reliability, the consistency and the comprehensibility of the prevalence and frequency of use questions in the Czech part of the survey. METHODS: A baseline web survey was performed (N = 610) with follow-up data collection in a sub-sample of volunteers providing email addresses (N = 158). The baseline sample was self-selecting, responding to advertisements made available through multiple channels designed to attract diverse samples of drug users. Test-retest analysis was conducted for core questionnaire items. RESULTS: Respondents to the follow-up were predominantly socially integrated; 91% reported last year cannabis use, 42% used Ecstasy/MDMA, 23% amphetamines, and 27% reported cocaine use. Test-retest reliability was rated moderate to good (reliability coefficients between 0.55-0.87) for most prevalence items with sufficient sample sizes. Items assessing frequency of use were more reliable for most substances when asking about the exact number of days used, compared to categorical items that implicitly assume a regular pattern of use and were interpreted differently by different respondents. CONCLUSIONS: Simplicity and unambiguity of questions increase the reliability of results. Tools measuring drug consumption need to take into consideration the irregularity of drug using patterns. Question testing is important to increase validity and support a correct interpretation of the data.

• Klíčová slova
• Patterns of use, Prevalence, Test/re-test reliability, Web survey,
• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• poruchy spojené s užíváním psychoaktivních látek epidemiologie   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky normy   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• uživatelé drog statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

The detection and quantification of nematode eggs using fecal egg count techniques have an irreplaceable role in equine parasitic control. The reliability, particularly precision and accuracy, of individual techniques have been described only for strongylid infections. The aim of this study was to compare three fecal egg count techniques used for the detection of the two most common equine nematode infections: strongylid and ascarid. The Simple McMaster, Concentration McMaster and Mini-FLOTAC techniques were tested on spiked fecal samples with various levels of egg concentration (50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 3000 eggs per gram) and naturally infected mixed strongylid-ascarid samples with 30 replicates. The Simple McMaster, Concentration McMaster and Mini-FLOTAC techniques had precision coefficients of variation of 44.33, 35.64 and 18.25% for the strongylid infection and 62.95, 35.71 and 18.95% for the ascarid infection, and percent accuracies (mean count/number of eggs spiked) of 97.53, 88.39 and 74.18% for the strongylid infection and 65.53, 83.18 and 90.28% for the ascarid infection, respectively. Accuracy depended greatly on the type of nematode, but precision did not. The Mini-FLOTAC technique was more precise than the Simple and Concentration McMaster techniques regardless of nematode type. Simple McMaster was the most accurate technique for detecting strongylid eggs, and Mini-FLOTAC was the most accurate technique for detecting ascarid eggs. Our results indicated that none of the current techniques were universally and sufficiently reliable for the simultaneous quantification of both of these common equine nematodes.

• Klíčová slova
• Ascarid, McMaster, Mini-FLOTAC, Reliability, Strongylid,
• MeSH
• askaridóza diagnóza   parazitologie   veterinární   MeSH
• feces parazitologie   MeSH
• koně MeSH
• nemoci koní diagnóza   parazitologie   MeSH
• počet parazitárních vajíček normy   veterinární   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• strongyloidóza koní diagnóza   parazitologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

By the geriatric evaluation scale GBS for syndromes of dementia in a Czech translation 31 patients of the gerontopsychiatric department were evaluated. The reliability study was implemented by two psychiatrists. The authors compared the results of their own study with results of studies made in other countries. They found a high grade of reliability of the evaluation. They consider the definition of items on the scale and their evaluation practical and suited even for less trained observers or observers with a different training.

• MeSH
• demence diagnóza   MeSH
• geriatrické hodnocení * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• psychiatrické posuzovací škály * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Participation in organized activities is related with a range of positive outcomes, but the way such participation is measured has not been scrutinized. Test-retest reliability as an important indicator of a scale's reliability has been assessed rarely and for "The scale of participation in organized activities" lacks completely. This test-retest study is based on the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study and is consistent with its methodology. METHODS: We obtained data from 353 Czech (51.9 % boys) and 227 Slovak (52.9 % boys) primary school pupils, grades five and nine, who participated in this study in 2013. We used Cohen's kappa statistic and single measures of the intraclass correlation coefficient to estimate the test-retest reliability of all selected items in the sample, stratified by gender, age and country. RESULTS: We mostly observed a large correlation between the test and retest in all of the examined variables (κ ranged from 0.46 to 0.68). Test-retest reliability of the sum score of individual items showed substantial agreement (ICC = 0.64). CONCLUSIONS: The scale of participation in organized activities has an acceptable level of agreement, indicating good reliability.

• Klíčová slova
• Adolescents, HBSC, Organized activities, Reliability, Test–retest,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky normy   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• účast komunity statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• volnočasové aktivity * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Slovenská republika MeSH